Question 1

Galileo's works were widely translated and widely read and raised awareness of changes in natural philosophy across Europe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

One of the leading German astronomers of the seventeenth century was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Maria Winkelmann. 
B)  Gottfried Leibniz. 
C)  Franz Kirch. 
D)  Hildegard von Bingen. 
E)  Christian Huygens. 
A)  Maria Winkelmann. 
B)  Gottfried Leibniz. 
C)  Franz Kirch. 
D)  Hildegard von Bingen. 
E)  Christian Huygens. A

Question 3

How did Kepler's work differ from that of other astronomers?

Accepted Answer

Kepler believed that everything in creation was governed by mathematical laws.Understanding mathematics would lead to understanding the universe.Kepler's first discovery,called his first "law," came from observation and concluded that the planets traveled in elliptical orbits around the sun.His second observation or law was that the planets all differed in their speed according to their distance from the sun.He also argued that magnetic forces between the sun and the planets kept the planets in orbit.Not only did these findings directly challenge the ideas of Copernicus and Brahe,but they even challenged Aristotle in that they broke down the distinction between the heavens and the earth that had been at the heart of physics.

Question 4

The _________ argued that nature was the way in which God revealed himself to humanity.

Accepted Answer

A)  humanists 
B)  Neoplatonists 
C)  Copernicans 
D)  Baconists 
E)  Galileans 
A)  humanists 
B)  Neoplatonists 
C)  Copernicans 
D)  Baconists 
E)  Galileans

Question 5

The dispersal of ancient texts by the humanists of the late Renaissance that served to encourage study and debate was facilitated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  new translations from the Islamic world. 
B)  the discovery in the late sixteenth century of the complete works of Plato. 
C)  the removal of the works of Aristotle from the Index of Forbidden Works. 
D)  the widespread use of the printing press. 
E)  all of these 
A)  new translations from the Islamic world. 
B)  the discovery in the late sixteenth century of the complete works of Plato. 
C)  the removal of the works of Aristotle from the Index of Forbidden Works. 
D)  the widespread use of the printing press. 
E)  all of these

Question 6

Sir Isaac Newton's Principia Mathematica was prompted by the visit from and the encouragement of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Robert Hooke. 
B)  John Locke. 
C)  Edmund Halley. 
D)  the Church. 
E)  Robert Boyle. 
A)  Robert Hooke. 
B)  John Locke. 
C)  Edmund Halley. 
D)  the Church. 
E)  Robert Boyle.

Question 7

In 1616,Galileo Galilei was urged by his supporters to stop promulgating Copernican ideas,when the Catholic Church:

Accepted Answer

A)  placed Copernicus's work on the Index of Prohibited Books. 
B)  commissioned him to found the Knights of Columbus. 
C)  inducted him into the Knights of Malta. 
D)  named his good friend,Cardinal Barberini,as Pope Urban VIII. 
E)  established the Vatican observatory under Jesuit control. 
A)  placed Copernicus's work on the Index of Prohibited Books. 
B)  commissioned him to found the Knights of Columbus. 
C)  inducted him into the Knights of Malta. 
D)  named his good friend,Cardinal Barberini,as Pope Urban VIII. 
E)  established the Vatican observatory under Jesuit control.

Question 8

_________ was an early English chemist.

Accepted Answer

A)  William Harvey 
B)  Francis Bacon 
C)  Robert Hooke 
D)  Robert Boyle 
E)  John Locke 
A)  William Harvey 
B)  Francis Bacon 
C)  Robert Hooke 
D)  Robert Boyle 
E)  John Locke

Question 9

Although René Descartes believed he had proven the existence of God,_________ believed he had proven that the universe was a single substance that was both God and nature.

Accepted Answer

A)  Christian Huygens 
B)  Baruch Spinoza 
C)  Blaise Pascal 
D)  Galileo Galilei 
E)  Isaac Newton 
A)  Christian Huygens 
B)  Baruch Spinoza 
C)  Blaise Pascal 
D)  Galileo Galilei 
E)  Isaac Newton

Question 10

Descartes introduced a new method for understanding called deductive reasoning,which relied on proceeding logically from one certainty to another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

_________ was the "new scientist" whose work laid the foundation for Sir Isaac Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Johannes Kepler 
B)  Johannes Muller 
C)  Robert Hooke 
D)  Robert Boyle 
E)  Tycho Brahe 
A)  Johannes Kepler 
B)  Johannes Muller 
C)  Robert Hooke 
D)  Robert Boyle 
E)  Tycho Brahe

Question 12

Which of the following best describes Sir Isaac Newton's attitude toward Christianity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Religion is nothing more than the "opiate of the masses." 
B)  All religions must be rejected because they are contrary to human reason. 
C)  All worldly concerns must be rejected in order for the soul to be saved. 
D)  Science and faith are compatible and mutually supporting. 
E)  Christianity is a superstition that ought to be rejected when tested by science. 
A)  Religion is nothing more than the "opiate of the masses." 
B)  All religions must be rejected because they are contrary to human reason. 
C)  All worldly concerns must be rejected in order for the soul to be saved. 
D)  Science and faith are compatible and mutually supporting. 
E)  Christianity is a superstition that ought to be rejected when tested by science.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes Johannes Kepler's intellectual foundations?

Accepted Answer

A)  mysticism,astrology,and mathematics 
B)  humanism,Augustinianism,and Cartesians 
C)  Aristotelians,Cartesians,and mathematics 
D)  mysticism,empiricism,and Augustinians 
E)  mysticism,Cartesians,and Augustinians 
A)  mysticism,astrology,and mathematics 
B)  humanism,Augustinianism,and Cartesians 
C)  Aristotelians,Cartesians,and mathematics 
D)  mysticism,empiricism,and Augustinians 
E)  mysticism,Cartesians,and Augustinians

Question 14

What changes did the scientific revolution entail?

Accepted Answer

The first change of the scientific revol

Question 15

Which English natural philosopher discovered the cellular structure of plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  William Harvey 
B)  Isaac Newton 
C)  Edmund Halley 
D)  Robert Hooke 
E)  Robert Boyle 
A)  William Harvey 
B)  Isaac Newton 
C)  Edmund Halley 
D)  Robert Hooke 
E)  Robert Boyle

Question 16

While many men and women wrote during the seventeenth century concerning the ability of women to fully participate in the scientific realm,none wrote quite so passionately as _________,who wrote of the " 'tyrannical government' of men over women."

Accepted Answer

A)  Maria Winkelmann 
B)  Margaret Cavendish 
C)  Maria Sibylla Merian 
D)  Elena Cornaro Piscopia 
E)  Laura Bassi 
A)  Maria Winkelmann 
B)  Margaret Cavendish 
C)  Maria Sibylla Merian 
D)  Elena Cornaro Piscopia 
E)  Laura Bassi

Question 17

From the seventeenth century on,there existed a fundamental shift in the view of the world by the Western world: to be considered "modern," one now approached the world through:

Accepted Answer

A)  philosophy. 
B)  mysticism. 
C)  religion. 
D)  science. 
E)  the humanities. 
A)  philosophy. 
B)  mysticism. 
C)  religion. 
D)  science. 
E)  the humanities.

Question 18

Although it was the norm with European academic societies to not admit women,one exception to this was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Maria Winkelmann. 
B)  Elena Cornaro Piscopia. 
C)  Maria Sibylla Merian. 
D)  Margaret Cavendish. 
E)  Laura Bassi. 
A)  Maria Winkelmann. 
B)  Elena Cornaro Piscopia. 
C)  Maria Sibylla Merian. 
D)  Margaret Cavendish. 
E)  Laura Bassi.

Question 19

Newton realized his work was groundbreaking,but he proved to be an egotistical recluse who did not credit his predecessors' work in laying a foundation for his own,bringing upon himself the censure of his peers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What was the role of women in the scientific revolution?

Accepted Answer

Although few women were officially inclu

Exam 16: The New Science of the Seventeenth Century

Galileo's works were widely translated and widely read and raised awareness of changes in natural philosophy across Europe.

One of the leading German astronomers of the seventeenth century was:

How did Kepler's work differ from that of other astronomers?

The _________ argued that nature was the way in which God revealed himself to humanity.

The dispersal of ancient texts by the humanists of the late Renaissance that served to encourage study and debate was facilitated by:

Sir Isaac Newton's Principia Mathematica was prompted by the visit from and the encouragement of:

In 1616,Galileo Galilei was urged by his supporters to stop promulgating Copernican ideas,when the Catholic Church:

_________ was an early English chemist.

Although René Descartes believed he had proven the existence of God,_________ believed he had proven that the universe was a single substance that was both God and nature.

Descartes introduced a new method for understanding called deductive reasoning,which relied on proceeding logically from one certainty to another.

_________ was the "new scientist" whose work laid the foundation for Sir Isaac Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation.

Which of the following best describes Sir Isaac Newton's attitude toward Christianity?

Which of the following best describes Johannes Kepler's intellectual foundations?

What changes did the scientific revolution entail?

Which English natural philosopher discovered the cellular structure of plants?

While many men and women wrote during the seventeenth century concerning the ability of women to fully participate in the scientific realm,none wrote quite so passionately as _________,who wrote of the " 'tyrannical government' of men over women."

From the seventeenth century on,there existed a fundamental shift in the view of the world by the Western world: to be considered "modern," one now approached the world through:

Although it was the norm with European academic societies to not admit women,one exception to this was:

Newton realized his work was groundbreaking,but he proved to be an egotistical recluse who did not credit his predecessors' work in laying a foundation for his own,bringing upon himself the censure of his peers.

What was the role of women in the scientific revolution?

Early Civilizations

Peoples, gods ,and Empires: 1700–500 B.C.E

The Civilization of Greece,1000–400 B.C.E

The Greek World Expands,400–150 B.C.E

The Civilization of Ancient Rome

The Transformation of Rome

Rome’s Three Heirs: 500–950

The Expansion of Europe,950–1100

The Consolidation of Europe,1100–1300

Crisis,unrest,and Opportunity,1300–1500

Commerce,conquest,and Colonization,1300–1600

Renaissance Ideals and Realities,c.1350–1550

The Age of Dissent and Division,1500–1600

Religion,warfare,and Sovereignty,1540–1660

Absolutism and Empire,1660–1789

The Enlightenment

The French Revolution

The Industrial Revolution and Nineteenth-century Society

From Restoration to Revolution,1815–1848

What is a Nation? Territories ,states , and Citizens,1848–1871

Imperialism and Colonialism,1870–1914

Modern Industry and Mass Politics,1870–1914

The First World War

Turmoil Between the Wars

The Second World War

The Cold War World: Global Politics,economic Recovery,and Cultural Change

Red Flags and Velvet Revolutions: the End of the Cold War,1960–1990

A World Without Walls: Globalization and the West

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