Question 1

In Britain,the manufacturing of cheap steel in large quantities allowed it to outstrip German industrialism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

For the Russian Tsar Nicholas II,Russification:

Accepted Answer

A)  extended the language and culture of Greater Russia over all non-Russian subjects. 
B)  was not accomplished by coercion or physical oppression. 
C)  was intended to destroy the populist movement. 
D)  did not involve pogroms. 
E)  was a program the tsar implemented as part of the process to become a naturalized Russian citizen. 
A)  extended the language and culture of Greater Russia over all non-Russian subjects. 
B)  was not accomplished by coercion or physical oppression. 
C)  was intended to destroy the populist movement. 
D)  did not involve pogroms. 
E)  was a program the tsar implemented as part of the process to become a naturalized Russian citizen. A

Question 3

What innovations typified the second industrial revolution,and what were the effects on European society?

Accepted Answer

The three innovations that characterized the second industrial revolution were steel,electricity,and chemicals.Steel had a profound effect on industry as it was cheap and strong.Britain's shipbuilding industry in particular made use of steel in building to stay ahead in trade.However,it was Germany and America that went on to become the largest steel nations and hence became aggressively machine oriented.Electricity was also made available in large quantities during this period,for both industrial and domestic use.The invention of the battery and the generator meant that power stations were able to light whole cities; it also enabled electrically powered subways,tramways,and long-distance railroads to be built,allowing more workers to travel into the cities and making travel within countries and cities cheaper and more common.The chemical industry made great advances,especially in the production of alkali and sulfuric acid,which made the manufacturing of goods such as paper,soap,textiles,and fertilizers more readily available and much cheaper to the consumer.Thus household hygiene improved not only in Europe,but throughout the world.While English chemists focused on cleansers,German chemists concentrated on industrial chemicals such as dyes and methods to refine petroleum,which increased productivity and opened the way for developing new technologies such as the petrol engine.

Question 4

"Classical conditioning," as developed by Ivan Pavlov,became a part of the psychological school of:

Accepted Answer

A)  analytical realism. 
B)  reflexology. 
C)  behaviorism. 
D)  Cartesian dualism. 
E)  conditioned response. 
A)  analytical realism. 
B)  reflexology. 
C)  behaviorism. 
D)  Cartesian dualism. 
E)  conditioned response.

Question 5

The Paris Commune obtained its greatest support from the:

Accepted Answer

A)  middle classes. 
B)  workers of Paris. 
C)  peasants of Normandy. 
D)  army officer corps. 
E)  soldiers of the Paris barracks. 
A)  middle classes. 
B)  workers of Paris. 
C)  peasants of Normandy. 
D)  army officer corps. 
E)  soldiers of the Paris barracks.

Question 6

The outbreak of World War I was all that prevented civil war in Ireland in the early twentieth century.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

By 1884,full rights of citizenship had been extended to all segments of European society with the exception of:

Accepted Answer

A)  women. 
B)  workers. 
C)  clerics. 
D)  soldiers. 
E)  slaves. 
A)  women. 
B)  workers. 
C)  clerics. 
D)  soldiers. 
E)  slaves.

Question 8

Evolutionary theories had existed from the time of the ancient Greeks,but the first modern theory of evolution was developed by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Georg Simmel. 
B)  Charles Darwin. 
C)  Jean Lemarck. 
D)  Herbert Spencer. 
E)  Alfred Wallace. 
A)  Georg Simmel. 
B)  Charles Darwin. 
C)  Jean Lemarck. 
D)  Herbert Spencer. 
E)  Alfred Wallace.

Question 9

European liberal politics of the mid-nineteenth century relied on _________ for its power.

Accepted Answer

A)  the military 
B)  the working class 
C)  the old aristocracy 
D)  the middle class 
E)  an enlightened monarchy 
A)  the military 
B)  the working class 
C)  the old aristocracy 
D)  the middle class 
E)  an enlightened monarchy

Question 10

A powerful new tool of a general strike of all industrial workers was proposed by the syndicalists,who argued that it would do more to bring down the state than electoral politics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In response to the growing materialism and free thought in the world,Pope Pius IX issued an encyclical entitled:

Accepted Answer

A)  Ecce Homo. 
B)  Mistakes of the Modern World. 
C)  Unum Sanctum. 
D)  Syllabus of Errors. 
E)  Humanae Vitae. 
A)  Ecce Homo. 
B)  Mistakes of the Modern World. 
C)  Unum Sanctum. 
D)  Syllabus of Errors. 
E)  Humanae Vitae.

Question 12

In the late nineteenth century,in the midst of the continued decline of the Ottoman empire,a nationalist movement emerged in Turkey under the guidance of a group calling itself the "Young Turks," which successfully forced the sultan to establish a constitutional government in 1908.In the following year it deposed the sultan and replaced him with his brother:

Accepted Answer

A)  Khalid Hamid IV. 
B)  Ibn al' Mina V. 
C)  Assur-dan VI. 
D)  Mohammed V. 
E)  Harun al-Rashid. 
A)  Khalid Hamid IV. 
B)  Ibn al' Mina V. 
C)  Assur-dan VI. 
D)  Mohammed V. 
E)  Harun al-Rashid.

Question 13

In his first publication,Charles Darwin dealt with the natural world and developed his theory of evolution by means of natural selection.That book is entitled:

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural Selection and Human Beings. 
B)  The Origin of the Species. 
C)  The Descent of Man. 
D)  On the Theory of Natural Selection. 
E)  The Theory of Evolution & Man. 
A)  Natural Selection and Human Beings. 
B)  The Origin of the Species. 
C)  The Descent of Man. 
D)  On the Theory of Natural Selection. 
E)  The Theory of Evolution & Man.

Question 14

Tsar Alexander II:

Accepted Answer

A)  led Russia to victory in the Crimean War. 
B)  was an enlightened ruler who industrialized Russia. 
C)  was assassinated in spite of freeing the serfs. 
D)  was a repressive ruler who reversed all the reforms of his father. 
E)  was an intellectual who founded the Bolshoi Ballet. 
A)  led Russia to victory in the Crimean War. 
B)  was an enlightened ruler who industrialized Russia. 
C)  was assassinated in spite of freeing the serfs. 
D)  was a repressive ruler who reversed all the reforms of his father. 
E)  was an intellectual who founded the Bolshoi Ballet.

Question 15

Friedrich Nietzsche believed that human beings must become "supermen" and:

Accepted Answer

A)  control their irrational impulses through artistic expression. 
B)  master the world through a "will to faith." 
C)  achieve mastery over all antisocial behavior. 
D)  reform social,economic,and political organizations. 
E)  transcend the bounds of cultural conformity. 
A)  control their irrational impulses through artistic expression. 
B)  master the world through a "will to faith." 
C)  achieve mastery over all antisocial behavior. 
D)  reform social,economic,and political organizations. 
E)  transcend the bounds of cultural conformity.

Question 16

The artistic movement known as futurism was introduced to Europe by:

Accepted Answer

A)  M.J.Duchamp. 
B)  Vincent van Gogh. 
C)  J.C.Pissarro. 
D)  Claude Monet. 
E)  F.T.Marinetti. 
A)  M.J.Duchamp. 
B)  Vincent van Gogh. 
C)  J.C.Pissarro. 
D)  Claude Monet. 
E)  F.T.Marinetti.

Question 17

The near-universal adoption of the gold standard in currency exchange greatly diminished world trade.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

How were the theories of Darwinism applied to political objectives?

Accepted Answer

Darwin's theories of evolutionary adapta

Question 19

Until the Russo-Japanese War,ordinary Russians continued to believe that the tsar was their "Little Father" and would do what he could to aid them in their lives.This trust was shaken on January 22,1905,a date afterward referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  "Black Thursday." 
B)  "Shrove Tuesday." 
C)  "Maundy Thursday." 
D)  "Father Capon Day." 
E)  "Bloody Sunday." 
A)  "Black Thursday." 
B)  "Shrove Tuesday." 
C)  "Maundy Thursday." 
D)  "Father Capon Day." 
E)  "Bloody Sunday."

Question 20

In order to mobilize the funds needed for large-scale enterprises,most European countries enacted limited-liability laws ensuring that stockholders could lose only the value of their shares in the event of bankruptcy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 23: Modern Industry and Mass Politics,1870–1914

In Britain,the manufacturing of cheap steel in large quantities allowed it to outstrip German industrialism.

For the Russian Tsar Nicholas II,Russification:

What innovations typified the second industrial revolution,and what were the effects on European society?

"Classical conditioning," as developed by Ivan Pavlov,became a part of the psychological school of:

The Paris Commune obtained its greatest support from the:

The outbreak of World War I was all that prevented civil war in Ireland in the early twentieth century.

By 1884,full rights of citizenship had been extended to all segments of European society with the exception of:

Evolutionary theories had existed from the time of the ancient Greeks,but the first modern theory of evolution was developed by:

European liberal politics of the mid-nineteenth century relied on _________ for its power.

A powerful new tool of a general strike of all industrial workers was proposed by the syndicalists,who argued that it would do more to bring down the state than electoral politics.

In response to the growing materialism and free thought in the world,Pope Pius IX issued an encyclical entitled:

In his first publication,Charles Darwin dealt with the natural world and developed his theory of evolution by means of natural selection.That book is entitled:

Tsar Alexander II:

Friedrich Nietzsche believed that human beings must become "supermen" and:

The artistic movement known as futurism was introduced to Europe by:

The near-universal adoption of the gold standard in currency exchange greatly diminished world trade.

How were the theories of Darwinism applied to political objectives?

Until the Russo-Japanese War,ordinary Russians continued to believe that the tsar was their "Little Father" and would do what he could to aid them in their lives.This trust was shaken on January 22,1905,a date afterward referred to as:

In order to mobilize the funds needed for large-scale enterprises,most European countries enacted limited-liability laws ensuring that stockholders could lose only the value of their shares in the event of bankruptcy.

Early Civilizations

Peoples, gods ,and Empires: 1700–500 B.C.E

The Civilization of Greece,1000–400 B.C.E

The Greek World Expands,400–150 B.C.E

The Civilization of Ancient Rome

The Transformation of Rome

Rome’s Three Heirs: 500–950

The Expansion of Europe,950–1100

The Consolidation of Europe,1100–1300

Crisis,unrest,and Opportunity,1300–1500

Commerce,conquest,and Colonization,1300–1600

Renaissance Ideals and Realities,c.1350–1550

The Age of Dissent and Division,1500–1600

Religion,warfare,and Sovereignty,1540–1660

Absolutism and Empire,1660–1789

The New Science of the Seventeenth Century

The Enlightenment

The French Revolution

The Industrial Revolution and Nineteenth-century Society

From Restoration to Revolution,1815–1848

What is a Nation? Territories ,states , and Citizens,1848–1871

Imperialism and Colonialism,1870–1914

The First World War

Turmoil Between the Wars

The Second World War

The Cold War World: Global Politics,economic Recovery,and Cultural Change

Red Flags and Velvet Revolutions: the End of the Cold War,1960–1990

A World Without Walls: Globalization and the West

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