Question 1

In what ways were Khrushchev's policies a "thawing" of Stalinist ideals and practice?

Accepted Answer

When Khrushchev was elected in 1956,he proved to be a much different leader than Stalin.Rather than seclude himself in the Kremlin,Khrushchev traveled throughout the world.He,like Stalin,was openly hostile to the West,but lack of secrecy and his direct manner helped to ease many Western concerns.Khrushchev openly tried to reduce international conflict and agreed to meet with Western powers in summit meetings,which led to a series of understandings that reduced many of the frictions between the Soviets and the West.At home,Khrushchev embarked on a series of reforms directed at Stalinist excesses.He moved the focus of production away from heavy machinery and armaments to the manufacture of consumer goods and gave a measure of freedom to the arts.He also acted to remove policies of police repression.These freedoms allowed Soviet writers and artists a brief window of opportunity to publish works on their experiences under the Stalinist regime.The thawing of Stalinist policies did prove hard to control,however.Between 1956 and 1958,Soviet prison camps released thousands of prisoners,and Soviet citizens,released from Stalinist repression,began to besiege the regime with requests for compensation,housing,and citizenship.The thaw was only temporary,as the program unleashed too many unsolvable problems.By 1964,Khrushchev had fallen and the thaw ended.

Question 2

Many Western intellectuals sought to revive humanism and democratic values after the horrors of World War II; a group of writers,one of them being _________,pointed out that colonialism made their task ever more difficult.

Accepted Answer

A)  Franz Fanon 
B)  Moise Obote 
C)  Bilal Martinique 
D)  Kemal Atatürk 
E)  Aimé Senghor 
A)  Franz Fanon 
B)  Moise Obote 
C)  Bilal Martinique 
D)  Kemal Atatürk 
E)  Aimé Senghor A

Question 3

Even with Nikita Khrushchev's desire to improve relations with the West and reduce tensions,military events occasionally escalated almost to the point of war,as in 1962,when:

Accepted Answer

A)  the United States installed a new generation of intercontinental missiles in Turkey. 
B)  a Chinese military unit,with U.S.approval,crossed into Siberia and declared it free and independent of the Soviet Union. 
C)  a U.S.nuclear submarine secretly entered the Soviet port of Minsk and was captured as it attempted to leave. 
D)  the Soviet Union attempted to install intermediate-range ballistic missiles and other offensive military equipment in Cuba. 
E)  the United States attempted to destroy the Berlin Wall by planting explosives in secret tunnels under Checkpoint Charlie. 
A)  the United States installed a new generation of intercontinental missiles in Turkey. 
B)  a Chinese military unit,with U.S.approval,crossed into Siberia and declared it free and independent of the Soviet Union. 
C)  a U.S.nuclear submarine secretly entered the Soviet port of Minsk and was captured as it attempted to leave. 
D)  the Soviet Union attempted to install intermediate-range ballistic missiles and other offensive military equipment in Cuba. 
E)  the United States attempted to destroy the Berlin Wall by planting explosives in secret tunnels under Checkpoint Charlie. D

Question 4

The modern welfare state was a creation of the post-World War II economic boom and was first instituted in Great Britain under the Labor party prime minister:

Accepted Answer

A)  Winston Churchill. 
B)  David Lloyd George. 
C)  Neville Chamberlain. 
D)  Anthony Eden. 
E)  Clement Atlee. 
A)  Winston Churchill. 
B)  David Lloyd George. 
C)  Neville Chamberlain. 
D)  Anthony Eden. 
E)  Clement Atlee.

Question 5

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)was formed in 1949 by the United States and representatives of Western European states for the purpose of:

Accepted Answer

A)  ensuring the proper disbursement of Marshall Plan funds. 
B)  guarding the shipping lanes in the North Atlantic. 
C)  providing a "free trade zone" for the countries of Europe and the United States. 
D)  providing mutual defense: an attack against one was an attack against all. 
E)  planning coordinated economic policies. 
A)  ensuring the proper disbursement of Marshall Plan funds. 
B)  guarding the shipping lanes in the North Atlantic. 
C)  providing a "free trade zone" for the countries of Europe and the United States. 
D)  providing mutual defense: an attack against one was an attack against all. 
E)  planning coordinated economic policies.

Question 6

In 1955 the Soviet Union and its allies in Eastern Europe responded to the formation of NATO with the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Moscow Accords. 
B)  Budapest Agreement. 
C)  Warsaw Pact. 
D)  Prague Treaty. 
E)  Leningrad Alliance. 
A)  Moscow Accords. 
B)  Budapest Agreement. 
C)  Warsaw Pact. 
D)  Prague Treaty. 
E)  Leningrad Alliance.

Question 7

After the war,anti-Semitism was still rampant across Europe,and many blamed the Jews for bringing about the war.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

When Europe began to take sides between West and East following World War II,Yugoslavia was declared to have "taken the road to nationalism" by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Josef Stalin. 
B)  Harry S Truman. 
C)  Clement Atlee. 
D)  Josip Broz. 
E)  Janos Kadar. 
A)  Josef Stalin. 
B)  Harry S Truman. 
C)  Clement Atlee. 
D)  Josip Broz. 
E)  Janos Kadar.

Question 9

What impact did the Chinese Revolution have on the Cold War?

Accepted Answer

The Chinese Revolution stood as a model

Question 10

The economic boom that Europe enjoyed following World War II was fueled by:

Accepted Answer

A)  high consumer demand for goods. 
B)  high levels of employment. 
C)  a wide range of technological innovations. 
D)  continued capital investment. 
E)  all of these 
A)  high consumer demand for goods. 
B)  high levels of employment. 
C)  a wide range of technological innovations. 
D)  continued capital investment. 
E)  all of these

Question 11

What was the "Berlin Airlift"?

Accepted Answer

A)  a process of evacuating ethnic German refugees following the Soviet capture of the city in 1945 
B)  the bombing of the city in the final days of World War II by the Allies 
C)  the means by which Western intelligence services secretly evacuated key Nazi officials with important information who would otherwise have been executed by the Soviet forces 
D)  a massive reinforcement of Western military power in the city during the crisis over the Berlin Wall in 1962 
E)  a process of providing desperately needed food and supplies during the Soviet blockade of 1948 
A)  a process of evacuating ethnic German refugees following the Soviet capture of the city in 1945 
B)  the bombing of the city in the final days of World War II by the Allies 
C)  the means by which Western intelligence services secretly evacuated key Nazi officials with important information who would otherwise have been executed by the Soviet forces 
D)  a massive reinforcement of Western military power in the city during the crisis over the Berlin Wall in 1962 
E)  a process of providing desperately needed food and supplies during the Soviet blockade of 1948

Question 12

The COMECON ensured that the Soviet Union could sell its exports at prices well above the world level and compelled other members to trade with the Soviet Union,but to their disadvantage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The postwar world faced the moral dilemmas of war,occupation,and resistance,all of which found an expression in the _________ of the period.

Accepted Answer

A)  static art 
B)  architecture 
C)  music 
D)  literature 
E)  drama 
A)  static art 
B)  architecture 
C)  music 
D)  literature 
E)  drama

Question 14

Although the war in Indochina was hard on the French,the war in Algeria was much harder since it involved fighting on three fronts: a guerrilla war in the countryside,a war of terror fought in Algeria's cities,and a war:

Accepted Answer

A)  against foreign terrorists coming to the Algerians' aid. 
B)  with other Arab countries which supported Algeria. 
C)  of terrorism within France against Algerian supporters at home. 
D)  of political action at the United Nations in an attempt to secure aid. 
E)  of opinion at home,politically dividing the country and bringing down the government. 
A)  against foreign terrorists coming to the Algerians' aid. 
B)  with other Arab countries which supported Algeria. 
C)  of terrorism within France against Algerian supporters at home. 
D)  of political action at the United Nations in an attempt to secure aid. 
E)  of opinion at home,politically dividing the country and bringing down the government.

Question 15

Both the Aswan Dam and the Suez Canal were physical representations of Egyptian national pride and economic independence from Britain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The Berlin Wall was built as a direct response to the West's refusal to make Berlin a free city in a permanently divided Germany.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

For the most part,when the European colonial powers left Africa,their legacy was:

Accepted Answer

A)  such that virtually none of the former colonies possessed the means to make independence work. 
B)  a continent of independent countries,which possessed the resources to take their place in the world. 
C)  one of peace and harmony between themselves and their former colonies. 
D)  such that African countries became the model of democracy for Asian Third World countries. 
E)  very mixed: some countries rivaled those of Europe within a decade,while others remained dependent on foreign aid. 
A)  such that virtually none of the former colonies possessed the means to make independence work. 
B)  a continent of independent countries,which possessed the resources to take their place in the world. 
C)  one of peace and harmony between themselves and their former colonies. 
D)  such that African countries became the model of democracy for Asian Third World countries. 
E)  very mixed: some countries rivaled those of Europe within a decade,while others remained dependent on foreign aid.

Question 18

The German who succeeded Adolf Hitler as chancellor of Germany was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Helmut Kohl. 
B)  Janos Kadar. 
C)  Günter Grass. 
D)  Konrad Adenauer. 
E)  Jirí Menzel. 
A)  Helmut Kohl. 
B)  Janos Kadar. 
C)  Günter Grass. 
D)  Konrad Adenauer. 
E)  Jirí Menzel.

Question 19

Having been successful in their attempts to seize power in many places in the years following World War II,the communists continued pressing open warfare in many countries such as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Korea. 
B)  Thailand. 
C)  Cambodia. 
D)  Burma. 
E)  Manchuria. 
A)  Korea. 
B)  Thailand. 
C)  Cambodia. 
D)  Burma. 
E)  Manchuria.

Question 20

The arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union began in 1949 when the Soviet Union tested its own _________,a weapon on which the United States had a monopoly until that time.

Accepted Answer

A)  atomic bomb 
B)  hydrogen bomb 
C)  neutron bomb 
D)  "star wars" defense system 
E)  cobalt bomb 
A)  atomic bomb 
B)  hydrogen bomb 
C)  neutron bomb 
D)  "star wars" defense system 
E)  cobalt bomb

Exam 27: The Cold War World: Global Politics,economic Recovery,and Cultural Change

In what ways were Khrushchev's policies a "thawing" of Stalinist ideals and practice?

Many Western intellectuals sought to revive humanism and democratic values after the horrors of World War II; a group of writers,one of them being _________,pointed out that colonialism made their task ever more difficult.

Even with Nikita Khrushchev's desire to improve relations with the West and reduce tensions,military events occasionally escalated almost to the point of war,as in 1962,when:

The modern welfare state was a creation of the post-World War II economic boom and was first instituted in Great Britain under the Labor party prime minister:

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)was formed in 1949 by the United States and representatives of Western European states for the purpose of:

In 1955 the Soviet Union and its allies in Eastern Europe responded to the formation of NATO with the:

After the war,anti-Semitism was still rampant across Europe,and many blamed the Jews for bringing about the war.

When Europe began to take sides between West and East following World War II,Yugoslavia was declared to have "taken the road to nationalism" by:

What impact did the Chinese Revolution have on the Cold War?

The economic boom that Europe enjoyed following World War II was fueled by:

What was the "Berlin Airlift"?

The COMECON ensured that the Soviet Union could sell its exports at prices well above the world level and compelled other members to trade with the Soviet Union,but to their disadvantage.

The postwar world faced the moral dilemmas of war,occupation,and resistance,all of which found an expression in the _________ of the period.

Although the war in Indochina was hard on the French,the war in Algeria was much harder since it involved fighting on three fronts: a guerrilla war in the countryside,a war of terror fought in Algeria's cities,and a war:

Both the Aswan Dam and the Suez Canal were physical representations of Egyptian national pride and economic independence from Britain.

The Berlin Wall was built as a direct response to the West's refusal to make Berlin a free city in a permanently divided Germany.

For the most part,when the European colonial powers left Africa,their legacy was:

The German who succeeded Adolf Hitler as chancellor of Germany was:

Having been successful in their attempts to seize power in many places in the years following World War II,the communists continued pressing open warfare in many countries such as:

The arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union began in 1949 when the Soviet Union tested its own _________,a weapon on which the United States had a monopoly until that time.

Early Civilizations

Peoples, gods ,and Empires: 1700–500 B.C.E

The Civilization of Greece,1000–400 B.C.E

The Greek World Expands,400–150 B.C.E

The Civilization of Ancient Rome

The Transformation of Rome

Rome’s Three Heirs: 500–950

The Expansion of Europe,950–1100

The Consolidation of Europe,1100–1300

Crisis,unrest,and Opportunity,1300–1500

Commerce,conquest,and Colonization,1300–1600

Renaissance Ideals and Realities,c.1350–1550

The Age of Dissent and Division,1500–1600

Religion,warfare,and Sovereignty,1540–1660

Absolutism and Empire,1660–1789

The New Science of the Seventeenth Century

The Enlightenment

The French Revolution

The Industrial Revolution and Nineteenth-century Society

From Restoration to Revolution,1815–1848

What is a Nation? Territories ,states , and Citizens,1848–1871

Imperialism and Colonialism,1870–1914

Modern Industry and Mass Politics,1870–1914

The First World War

Turmoil Between the Wars

The Second World War

Red Flags and Velvet Revolutions: the End of the Cold War,1960–1990

A World Without Walls: Globalization and the West

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