Question 1

Nicotine acts primarily on _____ receptors.

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine 
B)  acetylcholine 
C)  GABA 
D)  histamine 
A)  dopamine 
B)  acetylcholine 
C)  GABA 
D)  histamine B

Question 2

A typical function of homeostatic hormones is:

Accepted Answer

A)  activating sexual behaviors. 
B)  dealing with stressful psychological events. 
C)  controlling blood-sugar levels. 
D)  instructing the body to develop as a male or female. 
A)  activating sexual behaviors. 
B)  dealing with stressful psychological events. 
C)  controlling blood-sugar levels. 
D)  instructing the body to develop as a male or female. C

Question 3

A drug that increases the effectiveness of neurotransmission is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  antagonist. 
B)  agonist. 
C)  neuromodulator. 
D)  stimulant. 
A)  antagonist. 
B)  agonist. 
C)  neuromodulator. 
D)  stimulant. B

Question 4

The study of the effects of drugs on the function of the nervous system is:

Accepted Answer

A)  psychopharmacology. 
B)  neuroendocrinology. 
C)  pharmacokinetics. 
D)  biopsychology. 
A)  psychopharmacology. 
B)  neuroendocrinology. 
C)  pharmacokinetics. 
D)  biopsychology.

Question 5

Antipsychotic drugs are thought to exert their effects, at least in part, by blocking one type of:

Accepted Answer

A)  glutamate receptor. 
B)  thought process. 
C)  dopamine receptor. 
D)  action potential. 
A)  glutamate receptor. 
B)  thought process. 
C)  dopamine receptor. 
D)  action potential.

Question 6

The need to take increasing amounts of a drug in order to experience the same physical effect is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  sensitization. 
B)  tolerance. 
C)  addiction. 
D)  dependence. 
A)  sensitization. 
B)  tolerance. 
C)  addiction. 
D)  dependence.

Question 7

The organizational effect of gonadal hormones is exerted during:

Accepted Answer

A)  early development. 
B)  adolescence. 
C)  adulthood. 
D)  learning.
Answer Key 
A)  early development. 
B)  adolescence. 
C)  adulthood. 
D)  learning.
Answer Key

Question 8

A GABA antagonist would be likely to produce:

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased anxiety and activity. 
B)  increased anxiety and activity. 
C)  respiratory depression. 
D)  visual hallucinations. 
A)  decreased anxiety and activity. 
B)  increased anxiety and activity. 
C)  respiratory depression. 
D)  visual hallucinations.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a stimulant?

Accepted Answer

A)  LSD 
B)  caffeine 
C)  cocaine 
D)  amphetamine 
A)  LSD 
B)  caffeine 
C)  cocaine 
D)  amphetamine

Question 10

Most psychoactive drugs affect the functioning of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  synapse. 
B)  astrocytes. 
C)  dendrites. 
D)  axon hillock. 
A)  synapse. 
B)  astrocytes. 
C)  dendrites. 
D)  axon hillock.

Question 11

According to the incentive - sensitization theory of drug addiction, wanting a drug may depend on _____ neurons, whereas liking a drug may depend on _____ neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine; glutamate 
B)  GABA; opioid 
C)  dopamine; opioid 
D)  opioid; dopamine 
A)  dopamine; glutamate 
B)  GABA; opioid 
C)  dopamine; opioid 
D)  opioid; dopamine

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT likely to interact at endorphin synapses?

Accepted Answer

A)  morphine 
B)  heroin 
C)  naloxone 
D)  lithium carbonate 
A)  morphine 
B)  heroin 
C)  naloxone 
D)  lithium carbonate

Question 13

The blood-brain barrier is established by:

Accepted Answer

A)  neurons and astrocytes. 
B)  neurons and smooth muscle cells. 
C)  endothelial cells and neurons. 
D)  endothelial cells and astrocytes. 
A)  neurons and astrocytes. 
B)  neurons and smooth muscle cells. 
C)  endothelial cells and neurons. 
D)  endothelial cells and astrocytes.

Question 14

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is an agonist of which endogenous neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

A)  GABA 
B)  glutamate 
C)  dopamine 
D)  anandamide 
A)  GABA 
B)  glutamate 
C)  dopamine 
D)  anandamide

Question 15

Diverse drugs of abuse may act through a common neurotransmitter system that releases:

Accepted Answer

A)  endorphin. 
B)  serotonin. 
C)  dopamine. 
D)  GABA. 
A)  endorphin. 
B)  serotonin. 
C)  dopamine. 
D)  GABA.

Question 16

The brain's capillary network is largely isolated from that of the body's general circulation by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  peripheral nervous system. 
B)  meninges. 
C)  blood-brain barrier. 
D)  Circle of Willis. 
A)  peripheral nervous system. 
B)  meninges. 
C)  blood-brain barrier. 
D)  Circle of Willis.

Question 17

A drug that is _____ is more readily absorbed from the stomach than one that is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  weakly basic; weakly acidic 
B)  weakly acidic; weakly basic 
C)  insoluble; soluble 
D)  digestible; indigestible 
A)  weakly basic; weakly acidic 
B)  weakly acidic; weakly basic 
C)  insoluble; soluble 
D)  digestible; indigestible

Question 18

Isbell et al. reported that research participants who drank alcohol steadily for 20 days showed _____ degrees of intoxication _____ blood alcohol levels due to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing; but not; sensitization 
B)  increasing; and; sensitization 
C)  decreasing; and; tolerance 
D)  decreasing; but not; sensitization 
A)  increasing; but not; sensitization 
B)  increasing; and; sensitization 
C)  decreasing; and; tolerance 
D)  decreasing; but not; sensitization

Question 19

Which of the following factors is more associated with the development of sensitization than with the development of tolerance for a particular drug?

Accepted Answer

A)  fatigue during task performance 
B)  neuroplastic brain changes only at the drug's site of action 
C)  regular use 
D)  occasional use 
A)  fatigue during task performance 
B)  neuroplastic brain changes only at the drug's site of action 
C)  regular use 
D)  occasional use

Exam 6: Extension: A - The Influence of Drugs and Hormones on Behavior

Nicotine acts primarily on _____ receptors.

A typical function of homeostatic hormones is:

A drug that increases the effectiveness of neurotransmission is called a(n):

The study of the effects of drugs on the function of the nervous system is:

Antipsychotic drugs are thought to exert their effects, at least in part, by blocking one type of:

The need to take increasing amounts of a drug in order to experience the same physical effect is called:

The organizational effect of gonadal hormones is exerted during:

A GABA antagonist would be likely to produce:

Which of the following is NOT a stimulant?

Most psychoactive drugs affect the functioning of the:

According to the incentive - sensitization theory of drug addiction, wanting a drug may depend on _____ neurons, whereas liking a drug may depend on _____ neurons.

Which of the following is NOT likely to interact at endorphin synapses?

The blood-brain barrier is established by:

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is an agonist of which endogenous neurotransmitter?

Diverse drugs of abuse may act through a common neurotransmitter system that releases:

The brain's capillary network is largely isolated from that of the body's general circulation by the:

A drug that is _____ is more readily absorbed from the stomach than one that is _____.

Isbell et al. reported that research participants who drank alcohol steadily for 20 days showed _____ degrees of intoxication _____ blood alcohol levels due to _____.

Which of the following factors is more associated with the development of sensitization than with the development of tolerance for a particular drug?

Extension: A - The Development of Neuropsychology

Extension: B - The Development of Neuropsychology

Extension: C - The Development of Neuropsychology

Extension: A - Research on the Origins of the Human Brain and Behavior

Extension: B - Research on the Origins of the Human Brain and Behavior

Extension: C - Research on the Origins of the Human Brain and Behavior

Extension: A - Nervous System Organization

Extension: B - Nervous System Organization

Extension: C - Nervous System Organization

Extension: A - the Structure and Electrical Activity of Neurons

Extension: B - the Structure and Electrical Activity of Neurons

Extension: C - the Structure and Electrical Activity of Neurons

Extension: A - Communication Between Neurons

Extension: B - Communication Between Neurons

Extension: C - Communication Between Neurons

Extension: B - The Influence of Drugs and Hormones on Behavior

Extension: C - The Influence of Drugs and Hormones on Behavior

Extension: A - Imaging the Brains Activity

Extension: B - Imaging the Brains Activity

Extension: C - Imaging the Brains Activity

Extension: A - Organization of the Sensory Systems

Extension: B - Organization of the Sensory Systems

Extension: C - Organization of the Sensory Systems

Extension: A - Organization of the Motor System

Extension: B - Organization of the Motor System

Extension: C - Organization of the Motor System

Extension: A - Principles of Neurocortical Function

Extension: B - Principles of Neurocortical Function

Extension: C - Principles of Neurocortical Function

Extension: A - Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: B - Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: C - Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: A - Variations in Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: B - Variations in Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: C - Variations in Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: A - The Occipital Lobes

Extension: B - The Occipital Lobes

Extension: C - The Occipital Lobes

Extension: A - The Parietal Lobes

Extension: B - The Parietal Lobes

Extension: C - The Parietal Lobes

Extension: A - The Temporal Lobes

Extension: B - The Temporal Lobes

Extension: C - The Temporal Lobes

Extension: A - The Frontal Lobes

Extension: B - The Frontal Lobes

Extension: C - The Frontal Lobes

Extension: A - Cortical Networks and Disconnection Syndromes

Extension: B - Cortical Networks and Disconnection Syndromes

Extension: C - Cortical Networks and Disconnection Syndromes

Extension: A - Learning and Memory

Extension: B - Learning and Memory

Extension: C - Learning and Memory

Extension: A - Language

Extension: B - Language

Extension: C - Language

Extension: A - Emotion and the Social Brain

Extension: B - Emotion and the Social Brain

Extension: C - Emotion and the Social Brain

Extension: A - Spatial Behavior

According to the incentive - sensitization theory of drug addiction, wanting a drug may depend on _ neurons, whereas liking a drug may depend on _ neurons.

A drug that is _ is more readily absorbed from the stomach than one that is _.

Isbell et al. reported that research participants who drank alcohol steadily for 20 days showed ___ degrees of intoxication _ blood alcohol levels due to ___.