Exam 3: Philosophical and Theoretical Foundations

______________,is a method for combining deductive logic with precise empirical observations in order to discover and confirm a set of probabilistic causal laws that can be used to predict general patterns of human activity.

___________________ is an approach to research that emphasizes the systematic analysis and detailed study of people and text in order to arrive at understandings and interpretations of how people construct and maintain meaning within their social worlds.

The __________________ is type of thinking,beliefs that benefits and works to the advantage of those with cultural,political,and economic power.

Deductive theorizing begins with specific observations of empirical evidence.On the basis of its observations and evidence,it constructs a more abstract set of ideas and concepts that explain the object of research.

Although ____________ can look like legitimate social scientific theories,they differ in that their assumptions and reasoning are dogmatic;in other words,they are rigid,unyielding,and unreflective.

Inductive theorizing begins with abstract thinking.It logically connects the ideas of a preexisting theory to concrete evidence and then tests these ideas against the evidence.

A proposition,then,is an empirically testable version of a proposition.It is a tentative statement about a relationship between variables

Critical Social Science defines social science as a critical process of inquiry that generates liberating knowledge so as to reveal structural and cultural inhibiting forces in an attempt to help people change their living conditions and build a better world for themselves.

____________ are hidden or unstated ideas about the nature of human beings,social reality,or social processes that underlie a theory or theoretical framework

What is the difference between criminal justice theory and ideology?

The __________________ is a philosophical notion that science should be more concerned with contradictory evidence than supporting evidence.

The variable that is the effect or is the result or outcome of another variable is the ________________.

A hypothesis is a theoretical statement that specifies the relationship between two or more concepts (variables)and says something about the kind of relationship it is.