Exam 12: Analysis of Quantitative and Qualitative Data

Besides frequency distributions,criminologists often use graphs and charts to summarize univariate statistics.Some common types of graphic representations Are the _________________,bar chart,and pie chart.

_______________ is the most difficult to compute measure of dispersion;it is also the most comprehensive and widely used.

A _______________ expresses scores on a frequency distribution in terms of a number of standard deviations from the mean.

A scattergram is a graph on which a researcher plots each case or observation, where each axis represents the value of one variable.It is used for variables measured at the interval or ratio level,rarely for ordinal variables,and never if either variable is nominal.

____________________ means that things go together or are associated.

A sheet with grids in which the researcher writes code numbers in squares that correspond to a row and column location,and then uses this to type it into a Computer is called a __________________.

A ______________ is a document (i.e. ,one or more pages)describing the coding procedure and the location of data for variables in a format that computers can use.

___________________ exist when variables appear together and are associated (they covary).

_____________ statistics describe one variable.