Question 1

The kidneys respond to increased acidity of body fluids by:

Accepted Answer

A) excreting hydrogen ions to lower the pH of body fluids 
B) excreting hydrogen ions to raise the pH of body fluids 
C) retaining hydrogen ions to lower the pH of body fluids 
D) retaining hydrogen ions to raise the pH of body fluids 
A) excreting hydrogen ions to lower the pH of body fluids 
B) excreting hydrogen ions to raise the pH of body fluids 
C) retaining hydrogen ions to lower the pH of body fluids 
D) retaining hydrogen ions to raise the pH of body fluids

Question 2

The urethra extends from the:

Accepted Answer

A) kidney to the exterior 
B) ureter to exterior 
C) ureter to urinary bladder 
D) urinary bladder to exterior 
A) kidney to the exterior 
B) ureter to exterior 
C) ureter to urinary bladder 
D) urinary bladder to exterior

Question 3

The capillaries of the kidneys in which filtration takes place are the:

Accepted Answer

A) afferent capillaries 
B) glomeruli 
C) peritubular capillaries 
D) periglomerular capillaries 
A) afferent capillaries 
B) glomeruli 
C) peritubular capillaries 
D) periglomerular capillaries

Question 4

In the kidney,the process of tubular reabsorption transports useful materials from the:

Accepted Answer

A) glomeruli to the filtrate 
B) peritubular capillaries to the filtrate 
C) filtrate to the glomeruli 
D) filtrate to the peritubular capillaries 
A) glomeruli to the filtrate 
B) peritubular capillaries to the filtrate 
C) filtrate to the glomeruli 
D) filtrate to the peritubular capillaries

Question 5

The renal pelvis is the:

Accepted Answer

A) cavity on the lateral side of the kidney 
B) cavity on the medial side of the kidney 
C) junction of the kidney and urethra 
D) location of the kidney in the pelvic cavity 
A) cavity on the lateral side of the kidney 
B) cavity on the medial side of the kidney 
C) junction of the kidney and urethra 
D) location of the kidney in the pelvic cavity

Question 6

Which statement is NOT true of normal urine?

Accepted Answer

A) It is mostly water. 
B) Minerals such as sodium are present. 
C) The average pH is approximately six. 
D) Proteins are usually present. 
A) It is mostly water. 
B) Minerals such as sodium are present. 
C) The average pH is approximately six. 
D) Proteins are usually present.

Question 7

In women,the urethra is ___ to the vagina.

Accepted Answer

A) posterior 
B) medial 
C) lateral 
D) anterior 
A) posterior 
B) medial 
C) lateral 
D) anterior

Question 8

Which statement is NOT true of nephrons?

Accepted Answer

A) They are the structural units of the kidneys. 
B) They form urine from tissue fluid. 
C) They are the functional units of the kidneys. 
D) They make up the renal cortex and renal medulla. 
A) They are the structural units of the kidneys. 
B) They form urine from tissue fluid. 
C) They are the functional units of the kidneys. 
D) They make up the renal cortex and renal medulla.

Question 9

Which statement is NOT true of the effects of hormones on the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A) PTH increases the reabsorption of calcium ions. 
B) ADH increases the reabsorption of water. 
C) Aldosterone increases the excretion of sodium ions and water. 
D) The effects of ANP will increase urinary output. 
A) PTH increases the reabsorption of calcium ions. 
B) ADH increases the reabsorption of water. 
C) Aldosterone increases the excretion of sodium ions and water. 
D) The effects of ANP will increase urinary output.

Question 10

The adipose tissue around the kidneys is a ___,and the renal fascia is made of ___.

Accepted Answer

A) cushion/fibrous connective tissue 
B) source of energy/elastic connective tissue 
C) source of energy/fibrous connective tissue 
D) cushion/elastic connective tissue 
A) cushion/fibrous connective tissue 
B) source of energy/elastic connective tissue 
C) source of energy/fibrous connective tissue 
D) cushion/elastic connective tissue

Question 11

The part of the CNS that is directly involved in the urination reflex is the:

Accepted Answer

A) medulla 
B) hypothalamus 
C) spinal cord 
D) cerebrum 
A) medulla 
B) hypothalamus 
C) spinal cord 
D) cerebrum

Question 12

When the kidneys excrete hydrogen ions to regulate pH,the ions that are returned to the blood are:

Accepted Answer

A) sodium and potassium ions 
B) sodium and bicarbonate ions 
C) potassium and bicarbonate ions 
D) sodium,potassium,and bicarbonate ions 
A) sodium and potassium ions 
B) sodium and bicarbonate ions 
C) potassium and bicarbonate ions 
D) sodium,potassium,and bicarbonate ions

Question 13

Which statement is NOT true of the blood vessels of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A) The renal vein contains the useful materials that have been reabsorbed. 
B) There are three sets of capillaries in the kidneys,in which movement of materials takes place. 
C) The glomeruli have a relatively high blood pressure. 
D) The efferent arteriole carries blood that is leaving the glomerulus. 
A) The renal vein contains the useful materials that have been reabsorbed. 
B) There are three sets of capillaries in the kidneys,in which movement of materials takes place. 
C) The glomeruli have a relatively high blood pressure. 
D) The efferent arteriole carries blood that is leaving the glomerulus.

Question 14

The effect of ADH on the kidneys is to:

Accepted Answer

A) increase the reabsorption of water only 
B) increase the reabsorption of sodium ions and water 
C) decrease the reabsorption of water only 
D) decrease the reabsorption of sodium ions and water 
A) increase the reabsorption of water only 
B) increase the reabsorption of sodium ions and water 
C) decrease the reabsorption of water only 
D) decrease the reabsorption of sodium ions and water

Question 15

The parts of a nephron found in the renal medulla are the:

Accepted Answer

A) collecting tubules 
B) loops of Henle 
C) both A and B 
D) both A and B,and the renal corpuscles 
A) collecting tubules 
B) loops of Henle 
C) both A and B 
D) both A and B,and the renal corpuscles

Question 16

In the kidneys,the process by which water is reabsorbed from the renal filtrate is:

Accepted Answer

A) passive transport 
B) active transport 
C) osmosis 
D) pinocytosis 
A) passive transport 
B) active transport 
C) osmosis 
D) pinocytosis

Question 17

The urinary bladder is posterior to which bone?

Accepted Answer

A) the ilium 
B) the ischium 
C) the pubic bone 
D) the femur 
A) the ilium 
B) the ischium 
C) the pubic bone 
D) the femur

Question 18

The internal urinary sphincter is:

Accepted Answer

A) made of striated muscle 
B) contracted most of the time 
C) both A and B 
D) both A and B,and it is involuntary 
A) made of striated muscle 
B) contracted most of the time 
C) both A and B 
D) both A and B,and it is involuntary

Question 19

In the kidney,the movement of nutrients from the filtrate to the peritubular capillaries is:

Accepted Answer

A) reabsorption 
B) secretion 
C) filtration 
D) All of these are involved. 
A) reabsorption 
B) secretion 
C) filtration 
D) All of these are involved.

Question 20

In the kidneys,active transport is the process for the reabsorption of:

Accepted Answer

A) glucose 
B) amino acids 
C) both A and B 
D) both A and B,and small proteins 
A) glucose 
B) amino acids 
C) both A and B 
D) both A and B,and small proteins

Exam 19:The Urinary System-Part C

The kidneys respond to increased acidity of body fluids by:

The urethra extends from the:

The capillaries of the kidneys in which filtration takes place are the:

In the kidney,the process of tubular reabsorption transports useful materials from the:

The renal pelvis is the:

Which statement is NOT true of normal urine?

In women,the urethra is ___ to the vagina.

Which statement is NOT true of nephrons?

Which statement is NOT true of the effects of hormones on the kidneys?

The adipose tissue around the kidneys is a ___,and the renal fascia is made of ___.

The part of the CNS that is directly involved in the urination reflex is the:

When the kidneys excrete hydrogen ions to regulate pH,the ions that are returned to the blood are:

Which statement is NOT true of the blood vessels of the kidney?

The effect of ADH on the kidneys is to:

The parts of a nephron found in the renal medulla are the:

In the kidneys,the process by which water is reabsorbed from the renal filtrate is:

The urinary bladder is posterior to which bone?

The internal urinary sphincter is:

In the kidney,the movement of nutrients from the filtrate to the peritubular capillaries is:

In the kidneys,active transport is the process for the reabsorption of:

Organization and General Plan of the Body-Part A

Organization and General Plan of the Body-Part B

Organization and General Plan of the Body-Part C

Some Basic Chemistry-Part A

Some Basic Chemistry-Part B

Some Basic Chemistry-Part C

Cells-Part A

Cells-Part B

Cells-Part C

Tissues and Membranes-Part A

Tissues and Membranes-Part B

Tissues and Membranes-Part C

The Integumentary System-Part A

The Integumentary System-Part B

The Integumentary System-Part C

The Skeletal System-Part A

The Skeletal System-Part B

The Skeletal System-Part C

The Muscular System-Part A

The Muscular System-Part B

The Muscular System-Part C

The Nervous System-Part A

The Nervous System-Part B

The Nervous System-Part C

The Senses-Part A

The Senses-Part B

The Senses-Part C

The Endocrine System-Part A

The Endocrine System-Part B

The Endocrine System-Part C

Blood-Part A

Blood-Part B

Blood-Part C

The Heart-Part A

The Heart-Part B

The Heart-Part C

The Vascular System-Part A

The Vascular System-Part B

The Vascular System-Part C

The Lymphatic System and Immunity-Part A

The Lymphatic System and Immunity-Part B

The Lymphatic System and Immunity-Part C

The Respiratory System-Part A

The Respiratory System-Part B

The Respiratory System-Part C

The Digestive System-Part A

The Digestive System-Part B

The Digestive System-Part C

Body Temperature and Metabolism-Part A

Body Temperature and Metabolism-Part B

Body Temperature and Metabolism-Part C

The Urinary System-Part A

The Urinary System-Part B

Fluid–Electrolyte and Acid–Base Balance-Part A

Fluid–Electrolyte and Acid–Base Balance-Part B

Fluid–Electrolyte and Acid–Base Balance-Part C

The Reproductive Systems-Part A

The Reproductive Systems-Part B

The Reproductive Systems-Part C

The adipose tissue around the kidneys is a _,and the renal fascia is made of _.