Question 1

What factors accounted for the social and economic crises in the fourth century B.C.E.?

Accepted Answer

Incessant warfare and internal political struggles affected the societies and economies of the poleis.Even the wealthy cities such as Corinth,Sparta,and Athens exhausted their resources by fighting wars constantly.Many of the poleis,including Athens,were forced to rely on the personal wealth of the elite to maintain roads and buildings.Without the underpinnings of personal wealth,maintenance would have been impossible as the poleis were virtually bankrupt.The economic crisis not only affected city-states but also families,as many personal fortunes were lost through the destruction of orchards and vineyards,which took decades to recover.Many people,especially from the lower classes,were driven from their homes or reduced to slavery.Others became mercenaries,fighting for whoever could afford to pay them in lands as far away as Italy,Sicily,and Persia.Even among those who managed to remain employed,standards of living declined in the fourth century as people were forced to bear the burden of increased taxes and costs of living while wages remained static.

Question 2

Philip II secured the support of many neighboring kingdoms through:

Accepted Answer

A)  wars. 
B)  marriages. 
C)  diplomacy. 
D)  trade agreements. 
E)  the exchange of hostages. 
A)  wars. 
B)  marriages. 
C)  diplomacy. 
D)  trade agreements. 
E)  the exchange of hostages. B

Question 3

Aristotle argued that good conduct is virtuous conduct and that virtue resides in aiming to:

Accepted Answer

A)  separate the mind from the body and its pursuits. 
B)  live a contemplative life in seclusion. 
C)  act moderately in all things. 
D)  involve all people (men and women) in the political life of the polis. 
E)  respect the will of each individual. 
A)  separate the mind from the body and its pursuits. 
B)  live a contemplative life in seclusion. 
C)  act moderately in all things. 
D)  involve all people (men and women) in the political life of the polis. 
E)  respect the will of each individual. C

Question 4

The complex,busy,and cosmopolitan life of the Hellenistic world led to the popularization of:

Accepted Answer

A)  lighthearted comedies. 
B)  dark tragedies. 
C)  historical novels. 
D)  pastoral verse. 
E)  pointed satires. 
A)  lighthearted comedies. 
B)  dark tragedies. 
C)  historical novels. 
D)  pastoral verse. 
E)  pointed satires.

Question 5

Social and political crises occurred in many Greek city-states during the fourth century B.C.E.due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Greek experimentation with different political systems. 
B)  constant warfare with Persia. 
C)  rising food prices, stagnant wages, and high unemployment. 
D)  religious warfare between Greek city-states. 
E)  increasing Roman dominance of the area. 
A)  Greek experimentation with different political systems. 
B)  constant warfare with Persia. 
C)  rising food prices, stagnant wages, and high unemployment. 
D)  religious warfare between Greek city-states. 
E)  increasing Roman dominance of the area.

Question 6

One of Plato's philosophical concerns was:

Accepted Answer

A)  to explain change. 
B)  the doctrine of ideas. 
C)  to establish a just society. 
D)  the problem of evil. 
E)  political life in the context of free will. 
A)  to explain change. 
B)  the doctrine of ideas. 
C)  to establish a just society. 
D)  the problem of evil. 
E)  political life in the context of free will.

Question 7

Why didn't Sparta benefit more from its victory in the Peloponnesian War?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sparta had no interest in an empire. 
B)  Persia quickly defeated Sparta. 
C)  Sparta alienated the other Greek cities by trying to dominate them. 
D)  Sparta was a land power with no navy. 
E)  Sparta was defeated the following year by Thebes. 
A)  Sparta had no interest in an empire. 
B)  Persia quickly defeated Sparta. 
C)  Sparta alienated the other Greek cities by trying to dominate them. 
D)  Sparta was a land power with no navy. 
E)  Sparta was defeated the following year by Thebes.

Question 8

During the Corinthian War (395-387 B.C.E.),Sparta fought against:

Accepted Answer

A)  an alliance comprised of Athens, Syracuse, and Thebes. 
B)  an alliance comprised of Athens and Corinth. 
C)  Macedonia, under the leadership of Philip II. 
D)  an alliance comprised of Syracuse, Croton, Argos, and Thebes. 
E)  an alliance comprised of Athens, Argos, Corinth, and Thebes. 
A)  an alliance comprised of Athens, Syracuse, and Thebes. 
B)  an alliance comprised of Athens and Corinth. 
C)  Macedonia, under the leadership of Philip II. 
D)  an alliance comprised of Syracuse, Croton, Argos, and Thebes. 
E)  an alliance comprised of Athens, Argos, Corinth, and Thebes.

Question 9

Alexander's successors in Egypt ruled their Macedonian subjects in the same way they ruled their Egyptian subjects,as pharaoh.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Although historians believe that early accounts of Alexander's life by Plutarch and Arrian are reliable,they also find them problematic because they:

Accepted Answer

A)  were written four hundred years after Alexander lived. 
B)  were written by Greek historians who did not appreciate Alexander's genius. 
C)  were written by Alexander's enemies. 
D)  were based on Persian accounts of Alexander's feats. 
E)  only survive today in fragmentary form. 
A)  were written four hundred years after Alexander lived. 
B)  were written by Greek historians who did not appreciate Alexander's genius. 
C)  were written by Alexander's enemies. 
D)  were based on Persian accounts of Alexander's feats. 
E)  only survive today in fragmentary form.

Question 11

All of the male rulers of Macedonian Egypt took the name:

Accepted Answer

A)  Antigonus. 
B)  Alexander. 
C)  Ptolemy. 
D)  Seleucus. 
E)  Ramses. 
A)  Antigonus. 
B)  Alexander. 
C)  Ptolemy. 
D)  Seleucus. 
E)  Ramses.

Question 12

Why couldn't the Greek city-states unite during the fourth century B.C.E.?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Macedonians would not permit it. 
B)  The independent temper of Greek political life made unity impossible. 
C)  The Greek economy was too weak to support an empire. 
D)  Unity was unnecessary because the Greeks were not threatened by any foreign enemies. 
E)  There existed an almost perfect balance of power between Athens, Sparta, Corinth, and Thebes. 
A)  The Macedonians would not permit it. 
B)  The independent temper of Greek political life made unity impossible. 
C)  The Greek economy was too weak to support an empire. 
D)  Unity was unnecessary because the Greeks were not threatened by any foreign enemies. 
E)  There existed an almost perfect balance of power between Athens, Sparta, Corinth, and Thebes.

Question 13

The Theban Sacred Band was:

Accepted Answer

A)  an elite military unit composed entirely of male couples. 
B)  the priestly caste of Thebes. 
C)  a group of helots committed to overthrowing Sparta. 
D)  a religious orchestra active in early Greek drama. 
E)  the royal house of Thebes. 
A)  an elite military unit composed entirely of male couples. 
B)  the priestly caste of Thebes. 
C)  a group of helots committed to overthrowing Sparta. 
D)  a religious orchestra active in early Greek drama. 
E)  the royal house of Thebes.

Question 14

Cleopatra VII was the first Ptolemaic ruler to learn the Egyptian language.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Central to the Skeptical worldview is the idea that:

Accepted Answer

A)  everything always turns out for the best in the end. 
B)  the universe is ultimately ordered for human beings. 
C)  one must suspend judgment concerning everything. 
D)  material pleasure is the only way to happiness. 
E)  the contemplative life removed from the world is the only way to achieve happiness. 
A)  everything always turns out for the best in the end. 
B)  the universe is ultimately ordered for human beings. 
C)  one must suspend judgment concerning everything. 
D)  material pleasure is the only way to happiness. 
E)  the contemplative life removed from the world is the only way to achieve happiness.

Question 16

In comparison to classical Greek art,Hellenistic art became:

Accepted Answer

A)  more standardized and predictable. 
B)  more of a commodity to be bought and sold. 
C)  more directly an expression of civic pride. 
D)  more critical of social inequalities. 
E)  a product of government committees. 
A)  more standardized and predictable. 
B)  more of a commodity to be bought and sold. 
C)  more directly an expression of civic pride. 
D)  more critical of social inequalities. 
E)  a product of government committees.

Question 17

How did art and literature reflect the political and economic atmosphere of Hellenistic Greece?

Accepted Answer

New forms of literature focused on escap

Question 18

Philip II of Macedon's early success had much to do with his:

Accepted Answer

A)  early experiences in the Athenian Navy. 
B)  reorganization of the Macedonian Army. 
C)  understanding of the Persian phalanx formation. 
D)  single-minded desire to conquer Athens and subject it to one-man rule. 
E)  army being so very much larger than that of any of his enemies. 
A)  early experiences in the Athenian Navy. 
B)  reorganization of the Macedonian Army. 
C)  understanding of the Persian phalanx formation. 
D)  single-minded desire to conquer Athens and subject it to one-man rule. 
E)  army being so very much larger than that of any of his enemies.

Question 19

Mystery cults were popular mainly with the elite members of society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Alexander instituted the ritual of proskynesis to allow his Persian subjects to more easily accept him as their new ruler.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: The Greek World Expands,400–150 B.C.E

What factors accounted for the social and economic crises in the fourth century B.C.E.?

Philip II secured the support of many neighboring kingdoms through:

Aristotle argued that good conduct is virtuous conduct and that virtue resides in aiming to:

The complex,busy,and cosmopolitan life of the Hellenistic world led to the popularization of:

Social and political crises occurred in many Greek city-states during the fourth century B.C.E.due to:

One of Plato's philosophical concerns was:

Why didn't Sparta benefit more from its victory in the Peloponnesian War?

During the Corinthian War (395-387 B.C.E.),Sparta fought against:

Alexander's successors in Egypt ruled their Macedonian subjects in the same way they ruled their Egyptian subjects,as pharaoh.

Although historians believe that early accounts of Alexander's life by Plutarch and Arrian are reliable,they also find them problematic because they:

All of the male rulers of Macedonian Egypt took the name:

Why couldn't the Greek city-states unite during the fourth century B.C.E.?

The Theban Sacred Band was:

Cleopatra VII was the first Ptolemaic ruler to learn the Egyptian language.

Central to the Skeptical worldview is the idea that:

In comparison to classical Greek art,Hellenistic art became:

How did art and literature reflect the political and economic atmosphere of Hellenistic Greece?

Philip II of Macedon's early success had much to do with his:

Mystery cults were popular mainly with the elite members of society.

Alexander instituted the ritual of proskynesis to allow his Persian subjects to more easily accept him as their new ruler.

Early Civilizations

Peoples,Gods,and Empires: 1700–500 B.C.E

The Civilization of Greece,1000–400 B.C.E

The Civilization of Ancient Rome

The Transformation of Rome

Rome’s Three Heirs,500–950

The Expansion of Europe,950–1100

The Consolidation of Europe,1100–1250

The Medieval World,1250–1350

Rebirth and Unrest,1350–1453

Innovation and Exploration,1453–1533

The Age of Dissent and Division,1500–1564

Europe in the Atlantic World,1550–1660

European Monarchies and Absolutism,1660–1725

The New Science of the Seventeenth Century

Europe during the Enlightenment

The French Revolution

The Industrial Revolution and Nineteenth-Century Society

The Age of Ideologies: Europe in the Aftermath of Revolution,1815–1848

Revolutions and Nation Building,1848–1871

Imperialism and Colonialism,1870–1914

Modern Industry and Mass Politics,1870–1914

The First World War

Turmoil between the Wars

The Second World War

The Cold War World: Global Politics,Economic Recovery,and Cultural Change

Red Flags and Velvet Revolutions: The End of the Cold War,1960–1990

A World without Walls: Globalization and the West

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