Exam 23: Modern Industry and Mass Politics,1870–1914

The second industrial revolution created a strong demand for technical expertise,which meant that university degrees became more important than on-the-job apprenticeships.

Lenin regarded revolution as the only answer to Russia's problems.

Mass consumption was one of the greatest changes in the second industrial revolution as the traditional buying habits of the consumer both within and outside urban areas were quickly changed and society became much less stratified.

The expression "survival of the fittest" was first used by:

Irish home rule was debated for many years in the British Parliament and had support from the Irish Parliamentary Party in the last decades of the nineteenth century,but by the end of the century,a more radical position calling for full independence was revived by the militant political organization called the:

What was modernism,and how did it reflect the changes in society during the late nineteenth century?

In response to the growing materialism and free thought in the world,Pope Pius IX issued an encyclical entitled:

European liberal politics of the mid-nineteenth century relied for its power on:

A pogrom is a Russian term for a violent attack on civilians.

Although discovered much earlier,the development of electricity in the late 1800s led to all of the following EXCEPT:

Under the Russian Tsar Nicholas II,Russification:

What gains were made by the Russian revolution of 1905? Why were these gains not enough to complete Russia's transition to a modern nation?

David Lloyd George:

Bismarck enacted several measures concerning national health legislation because:

By 1884,Germany,France,and Britain had extended voting rights most broadly,but even in those countries the members of society who continued to be denied the vote as a group were:

What innovations typified the second industrial revolution,and what were the effects on European society?

The nineteenth-century political theory of liberalism looked to _________ to confirm its tenets.

How were the theories of Darwinism applied to political objectives?

The most transformative event in French history in the second part of the nineteenth century was the:

In order to mobilize the funds needed for large-scale enterprises,most European countries enacted limited-liability laws that ensured stockholders could lose only the value of their shares in the event of bankruptcy.