Question 1

Of the three heirs to the Roman Empire,Europe was the most prosperous by 1000.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

What events led to the loss of Byzantium's power and ultimately to Alexius's request for help?

Accepted Answer

Although the Eastern Roman Empire was strengthened by a series of successful campaigns against the Abbasids in the tenth century,such wars and projects of reconquest stretched the Empire to its limits.These wars brought prestige and money in tribute,but they were costly to wage and the conquered territory was expensive to maintain.Further,rivalries divided the imperial court and eventually erupted into civil war.In the face of costly wars and instability in the court,some emperors began debasing the currency in an effort to raise more cash.This was a temporary and ultimately destructive solution as it undermined Byzantine commerce,making the emperors weaker rivals to the Islamic caliphate and the rising commercial powers of Venice,Genoa,and Pisa.A weakened economy and an army tired by ongoing civil wars meant that the Byzantine empire could not withstand the invasions of the Seljuq Turks and a disastrous battle in 1071 that resulted in the loss of almost all eastern lands,including virtually all of the Byzantine heartland of Anatolia.When Alexius Comnenus came to power,he recognized the power of Western knights-indeed,he believed such heavily armed horsemen would be successful if pitted against the lightly armored Seljuqs.Without a large army of his own and with such a large and able enemy on his doorstep,Alexius sent a request to Pope Urban II hoping for a few thousand troops with which he might be able to push the Turks out of Anatolia.

Question 3

Historians generally do not use the term feudalism today because it:

Accepted Answer

A)  is too narrow a term to capture political and economic relationships in the Middle Ages. 
B)  was a term often used in the Middle Ages that means little today. 
C)  is a Marxist term that is inappropriate for use about the Middle Ages. 
D)  is not a real word. 
E)  means too many different things to be of use. 
A)  is too narrow a term to capture political and economic relationships in the Middle Ages. 
B)  was a term often used in the Middle Ages that means little today. 
C)  is a Marxist term that is inappropriate for use about the Middle Ages. 
D)  is not a real word. 
E)  means too many different things to be of use. E

Question 4

In the period 950-1100,the West's center of gravity shifted from:

Accepted Answer

A)  western Europe to the Mediterranean. 
B)  Britain to France. 
C)  Scandinavia to the Mediterranean. 
D)  the Mediterranean to western Europe. 
E)  western Europe to eastern Europe. 
A)  western Europe to the Mediterranean. 
B)  Britain to France. 
C)  Scandinavia to the Mediterranean. 
D)  the Mediterranean to western Europe. 
E)  western Europe to eastern Europe.

Question 5

Although Viking raids often devastated towns,the Vikings also revitalized cities by:

Accepted Answer

A)  providing slave labor for manors. 
B)  founding many castles around which cities formed. 
C)  exploring new territory where new cities were founded. 
D)  founding manufacturing centers for the production of ships and arms. 
E)  returning large amounts of gold and silver coin to the markets of medieval Europe. 
A)  providing slave labor for manors. 
B)  founding many castles around which cities formed. 
C)  exploring new territory where new cities were founded. 
D)  founding manufacturing centers for the production of ships and arms. 
E)  returning large amounts of gold and silver coin to the markets of medieval Europe.

Question 6

Muslim physicians were leaders in developing:

Accepted Answer

A)  anesthetics. 
B)  rigorous sterilization procedures for surgical instruments. 
C)  the idea of a single underlying cause for each disease. 
D)  a system of licensing medical practitioners. 
E)  the study of dermatology. 
A)  anesthetics. 
B)  rigorous sterilization procedures for surgical instruments. 
C)  the idea of a single underlying cause for each disease. 
D)  a system of licensing medical practitioners. 
E)  the study of dermatology.

Question 7

In northern Europe,increasing use of the heavy-wheeled plow between 800 and 1050 coincided with:

Accepted Answer

A)  the increasing use of horses as traction animals. 
B)  rising alcohol consumption among the peasantry. 
C)  fundamental changes in patterns of peasant settlement. 
D)  rapidly improving road systems. 
E)  the first use of oxen as traction animals. 
A)  the increasing use of horses as traction animals. 
B)  rising alcohol consumption among the peasantry. 
C)  fundamental changes in patterns of peasant settlement. 
D)  rapidly improving road systems. 
E)  the first use of oxen as traction animals.

Question 8

The tenth century was known for ineffective kingship throughout Europe and:

Accepted Answer

A)  the momentous Investiture Conflict. 
B)  the beginning of the Christian Crusades against Muslims. 
C)  a very effective and powerful papacy. 
D)  local bishops who were surpassing nobles in power and authority. 
E)  an incompetent and largely corrupt papacy. 
A)  the momentous Investiture Conflict. 
B)  the beginning of the Christian Crusades against Muslims. 
C)  a very effective and powerful papacy. 
D)  local bishops who were surpassing nobles in power and authority. 
E)  an incompetent and largely corrupt papacy.

Question 9

How did William's rule over the newly conquered England create a new kind of monarchy?

Accepted Answer

After William of Normandy conquered Engl

Question 10

Although moneylending was an important factor in the success of early Italian merchant activity:

Accepted Answer

A)  merchants had to procure loans from Muslim bankers, as such wealth was not available in Europe. 
B)  the Church taught that all merchants were beyond God's favor. 
C)  northern medieval towns prospered instead, because of the traditional landed aristocracy. 
D)  the papacy refused to borrow money in the Middle Ages. 
E)  the Western Christian church condemned the practice as usurious. 
A)  merchants had to procure loans from Muslim bankers, as such wealth was not available in Europe. 
B)  the Church taught that all merchants were beyond God's favor. 
C)  northern medieval towns prospered instead, because of the traditional landed aristocracy. 
D)  the papacy refused to borrow money in the Middle Ages. 
E)  the Western Christian church condemned the practice as usurious.

Question 11

William the Conqueror was politically innovative in that he:

Accepted Answer

A)  claimed England in the name of the Roman papacy. 
B)  rewarded his Norman followers with cash payments rather than English land. 
C)  used the highly centralized English administrative authority combined with the feudal structures of France. 
D)  negotiated an advantageous peace agreement with King Harold of England without resorting to physical violence. 
E)  managed to retain the English crown while becoming the heir to the French throne. 
A)  claimed England in the name of the Roman papacy. 
B)  rewarded his Norman followers with cash payments rather than English land. 
C)  used the highly centralized English administrative authority combined with the feudal structures of France. 
D)  negotiated an advantageous peace agreement with King Harold of England without resorting to physical violence. 
E)  managed to retain the English crown while becoming the heir to the French throne.

Question 12

Monasteries and secular lords often supported the founding of towns in their territories because:

Accepted Answer

A)  they saw the economic advantages of having towns in their territory. 
B)  having towns was a way of competing with other lords and monasteries for prestige. 
C)  they needed a place for excess workers to live. 
D)  they were places of high cultural and intellectual life. 
E)  they were convenient places for manorial courts to meet. 
A)  they saw the economic advantages of having towns in their territory. 
B)  having towns was a way of competing with other lords and monasteries for prestige. 
C)  they needed a place for excess workers to live. 
D)  they were places of high cultural and intellectual life. 
E)  they were convenient places for manorial courts to meet.

Question 13

The Viking kingdoms of Scandinavia were so successful because:

Accepted Answer

A)  they continued to rely on traditional Viking networks of trade and kinship but combined them with newer models of governance. 
B)  their legitimacy was immediately recognized by other polities, which feared the Vikings would attack them if the kingdoms were not recognized. 
C)  they refused to convert to Christianity or to recognize Christian kings as legitimate. 
D)  like the Roman Empire, they relied heavily on a slave economy. 
E)  they remained isolated and uninvolved in European affairs. 
A)  they continued to rely on traditional Viking networks of trade and kinship but combined them with newer models of governance. 
B)  their legitimacy was immediately recognized by other polities, which feared the Vikings would attack them if the kingdoms were not recognized. 
C)  they refused to convert to Christianity or to recognize Christian kings as legitimate. 
D)  like the Roman Empire, they relied heavily on a slave economy. 
E)  they remained isolated and uninvolved in European affairs.

Question 14

What issues were central in the Cluniac reform?

Accepted Answer

The monastery of Cluny was established d

Question 15

Many towns and cities in the High Middle Ages:

Accepted Answer

A)  grew rapidly to populations of over 400,000 people by 1150. 
B)  grew through continuous immigration from the countryside. 
C)  were built of stone and were largely impervious to fire. 
D)  were grimly aware of crowd diseases and emphasized proper sanitation where possible. 
E)  were controlled by either a local noble or a monastery. 
A)  grew rapidly to populations of over 400,000 people by 1150. 
B)  grew through continuous immigration from the countryside. 
C)  were built of stone and were largely impervious to fire. 
D)  were grimly aware of crowd diseases and emphasized proper sanitation where possible. 
E)  were controlled by either a local noble or a monastery.

Question 16

All knights in the eleventh century came from the aristocracy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Theft of relics occurred in the Middle Ages because:

Accepted Answer

A)  the Middle Ages was a particularly crime-ridden time in history. 
B)  many relics were fake and needed to be destroyed. 
C)  such thefts showed the great devotion people had toward the Church. 
D)  some people believed relics held evil spirits and had to be destroyed. 
E)  relics were extremely valuable, as pilgrims were attracted to the places that housed them. 
A)  the Middle Ages was a particularly crime-ridden time in history. 
B)  many relics were fake and needed to be destroyed. 
C)  such thefts showed the great devotion people had toward the Church. 
D)  some people believed relics held evil spirits and had to be destroyed. 
E)  relics were extremely valuable, as pilgrims were attracted to the places that housed them.

Question 18

Local lords most frequently developed power bases in areas of western Europe where:

Accepted Answer

A)  royal authority was either weak or nonexistent. 
B)  kings founded new cities and gave them special charters. 
C)  bishops were effective feudal lords over the cities in their area. 
D)  there was a strong tradition of democracy such as Greece. 
E)  the Church was strong and Latin was the common language. 
A)  royal authority was either weak or nonexistent. 
B)  kings founded new cities and gave them special charters. 
C)  bishops were effective feudal lords over the cities in their area. 
D)  there was a strong tradition of democracy such as Greece. 
E)  the Church was strong and Latin was the common language.

Question 19

In 1059,Pope Nicholas II issued a new decree on papal elections,which gave the power to elect future popes to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  people of Rome. 
B)  German imperial court. 
C)  leading abbots of Cluniac monasteries. 
D)  College of Cardinals. 
E)  monarchs of England, France, and Germany. 
A)  people of Rome. 
B)  German imperial court. 
C)  leading abbots of Cluniac monasteries. 
D)  College of Cardinals. 
E)  monarchs of England, France, and Germany.

Question 20

Taken literally,what did the term investiture mean to medieval Christians in the eleventh century?

Accepted Answer

A)  the legal procedure associated with making a pious Christian man or woman a saint 
B)  buying an ecclesiastical office with money, such as the position of bishop or cardinal 
C)  the practice of appointing a bishop or abbot and dressing him with the symbols of his office 
D)  a business investment in monastic property with the expectation of a return 
E)  the Church practice of giving new clergy their vestments 
A)  the legal procedure associated with making a pious Christian man or woman a saint 
B)  buying an ecclesiastical office with money, such as the position of bishop or cardinal 
C)  the practice of appointing a bishop or abbot and dressing him with the symbols of his office 
D)  a business investment in monastic property with the expectation of a return 
E)  the Church practice of giving new clergy their vestments

Exam 8: The Expansion of Europe,950–1100

Of the three heirs to the Roman Empire,Europe was the most prosperous by 1000.

What events led to the loss of Byzantium's power and ultimately to Alexius's request for help?

Historians generally do not use the term feudalism today because it:

In the period 950-1100,the West's center of gravity shifted from:

Although Viking raids often devastated towns,the Vikings also revitalized cities by:

Muslim physicians were leaders in developing:

In northern Europe,increasing use of the heavy-wheeled plow between 800 and 1050 coincided with:

The tenth century was known for ineffective kingship throughout Europe and:

How did William's rule over the newly conquered England create a new kind of monarchy?

Although moneylending was an important factor in the success of early Italian merchant activity:

William the Conqueror was politically innovative in that he:

Monasteries and secular lords often supported the founding of towns in their territories because:

The Viking kingdoms of Scandinavia were so successful because:

What issues were central in the Cluniac reform?

Many towns and cities in the High Middle Ages:

All knights in the eleventh century came from the aristocracy.

Theft of relics occurred in the Middle Ages because:

Local lords most frequently developed power bases in areas of western Europe where:

In 1059,Pope Nicholas II issued a new decree on papal elections,which gave the power to elect future popes to the:

Taken literally,what did the term investiture mean to medieval Christians in the eleventh century?

Early Civilizations

Peoples,Gods,and Empires: 1700–500 B.C.E

The Civilization of Greece,1000–400 B.C.E

The Greek World Expands,400–150 B.C.E

The Civilization of Ancient Rome

The Transformation of Rome

Rome’s Three Heirs,500–950

The Consolidation of Europe,1100–1250

The Medieval World,1250–1350

Rebirth and Unrest,1350–1453

Innovation and Exploration,1453–1533

The Age of Dissent and Division,1500–1564

Europe in the Atlantic World,1550–1660

European Monarchies and Absolutism,1660–1725

The New Science of the Seventeenth Century

Europe during the Enlightenment

The French Revolution

The Industrial Revolution and Nineteenth-Century Society

The Age of Ideologies: Europe in the Aftermath of Revolution,1815–1848

Revolutions and Nation Building,1848–1871

Imperialism and Colonialism,1870–1914

Modern Industry and Mass Politics,1870–1914

The First World War

Turmoil between the Wars

The Second World War

The Cold War World: Global Politics,Economic Recovery,and Cultural Change

Red Flags and Velvet Revolutions: The End of the Cold War,1960–1990

A World without Walls: Globalization and the West

Filters