Exam 2: Section 1: Ethics and Criminal Justice Research

Harm to subjects, researchers, or third parties is possible in ____________________ studies that collect information from or about persons engaged in criminal activity;

When a professor uses students in her class as research participants, there is a potential for ethical problems in that their participation may not be __________________.

Deception of subjects is never appropriate.

If a researcher uses only those subjects who volunteer for a study, then which outcome may be expected?

One of the most important issues addressed by institutional review boards relates to _____.

Haney, Banks, and Zimbardo's prison simulation examined whether the prison environment itself creates brutal, dehumanizing conditions unrelated to the kinds of people who live and work in the institutions. The explanation is referred to as an ____________________ hypothesis.

The norm of voluntary participation is usually satisfied by ____.

As a rule, possible harm to subjects may be justified when the potential benefits of the study outweigh the possible harm.

A promise of anonymity is unlikely to be possible when ____.

The researcher can lessen the potential for harm when doing research by ____.

Which example illustrates a research study in which there was potential harm to the researcher?

Because of some controversial medical and social science research, the U.S. Department of ____________________ has established regulations designed to protect human subjects.

The norm of voluntary participation is usually satisfied through ______________________.

Attempts to guard against harm to the participants in the simulated prison were accomplished by ____.

A group of researchers from an urban university want to employ some target hardening techniques in their area. Which outcome might they expect?

When reporting research findings in professional journals, ____.

In order to make sure that there was no long-term damage done to the participants of a simulated prison, the researchers held ____________________ sessions with "prisoners" and "guards" after the termination of the project.

In the U.S., adult prisoners _____.

Discuss the role of institutional review boards in the research process. In what ways do they influence research and what is their specific purpose? Give an example of a situation that would not be approved by an institutional review board and how the researcher could rectify that situation.

When conducting field or survey interviews, ____.