Question 1

Experiments in criminal justice typically require only one experimental and one control group for each study.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

An _______________ is a type of variable-oriented research.

Accepted Answer

case study

Question 3

Explain the classical experiment in terms of the following:
Independent and dependent variables
Pre-testing and Post-testing
Experimental and Control groups

Accepted Answer

Not Answer

Question 4

Crime hot spots are areas where crime reports, calls for police service, or other measures of crime are especially common. Police in departments with a good analytic capability routinely identify hot spots and launch special tactics to reduce crime in these areas. What kinds of validity threats should researchers be especially attentive to in studying the effects of police interventions on hot spots?

Accepted Answer

Researchers studying the effects of poli

Question 5

Which situation presents a threat to internal validity?

Accepted Answer

A)  subjects dropping out of an experiment 
B)  selecting a random sample 
C)  randomization of group assignments 
D)  very high reliability of outcome measures 
A)  subjects dropping out of an experiment 
B)  selecting a random sample 
C)  randomization of group assignments 
D)  very high reliability of outcome measures

Question 6

Shortening the time between pretest and posttest or perhaps even offering cash payments to participants in an experiment are techniques that may be used to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  limit diffusion 
B)  decrease experimental mortality 
C)  decrease the effects of instrumentation 
D)  control threats to testing 
A)  limit diffusion 
B)  decrease experimental mortality 
C)  decrease the effects of instrumentation 
D)  control threats to testing

Question 7

Graduates majoring in criminal justice and graduates majoring in psychology from the State University were part of a study to assess employment success of those receiving their degrees in May 2002. Six months after graduation November 2002 a questionnaire was sent out asking about their job seeking success. What type of design is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  a double-blind experiment 
B)  a non-equivalent groups design 
C)  a time-series design 
D)  a cohort design 
A)  a double-blind experiment 
B)  a non-equivalent groups design 
C)  a time-series design 
D)  a cohort design

Question 8

Instead of making one pre-test and one post-test measure, the _______________ makes a longer series of observations before and after introducing an experimental treatment.

Accepted Answer

interrupte

Question 9

Experimental mortality is also known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  selection 
B)  regression 
C)  attrition 
D)  relevance 
A)  selection 
B)  regression 
C)  attrition 
D)  relevance

Question 10

_______________ validity is the correspondence between the empirical test of a hypothesis and the underlying causal process that the experiment is intended to represent.

Accepted Answer

A)  Construct 
B)  Compensatory 
C)  Correlational 
D)  Criterion 
A)  Construct 
B)  Compensatory 
C)  Correlational 
D)  Criterion

Question 11

If randomization is not possible, the researcher would be well-advised to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  do nothing, but mention the issue in the research report 
B)  switch to a classical design 
C)  switch to a quasi-experimental design 
D)  use pseudorandomization 
A)  do nothing, but mention the issue in the research report 
B)  switch to a classical design 
C)  switch to a quasi-experimental design 
D)  use pseudorandomization

Question 12

The goal of _______________ is to ensure that the experimental and groups will be statistically equivalent.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The goal of _______________ is to ensure...

Question 13

The maturation threat refers to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  older subjects being more likely to take research participation seriously 
B)  the impact of natural, developmental processes on experimental outcomes 
C)  the natural development of researcher expertise as more research is completed 
D)  younger subjects generally do better because they are easier to manipulate 
A)  older subjects being more likely to take research participation seriously 
B)  the impact of natural, developmental processes on experimental outcomes 
C)  the natural development of researcher expertise as more research is completed 
D)  younger subjects generally do better because they are easier to manipulate

Question 14

Random assignment to experimental and control groups should reduce the threats to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  instrumentation 
B)  maturation 
C)  reliability 
D)  small sample 
A)  instrumentation 
B)  maturation 
C)  reliability 
D)  small sample

Question 15

The defining feature of an experiment lies in the control of the independent variable by the experimenter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which procedure is suitable for random assignment to groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Assigning subjects in the order they arrive, so that one group is filled before the next is started 
B)  Letting subjects express a preference and then assigning them to a non-preferred group 
C)  Flipping a coin assigning subjects to the control group and to the experimental group. 
D)  Asking each subject to secretly decide which group they want to be in 
A)  Assigning subjects in the order they arrive, so that one group is filled before the next is started 
B)  Letting subjects express a preference and then assigning them to a non-preferred group 
C)  Flipping a coin assigning subjects to the control group and to the experimental group. 
D)  Asking each subject to secretly decide which group they want to be in

Question 17

In a classical experiment, the researcher uses an _______________ to offset the effects of the experiment itself.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a classical experiment, the researcher uses...

Question 18

Experimental mortality is especially likely to be a problem when ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  subjects are paid an excessive amount to participate 
B)  participation requires only one session, but it is an hour long 
C)  students must participate as a course requirement 
D)  participation in the experiment requires substantial effort by subjects 
A)  subjects are paid an excessive amount to participate 
B)  participation requires only one session, but it is an hour long 
C)  students must participate as a course requirement 
D)  participation in the experiment requires substantial effort by subjects

Question 19

A questionnaire is sent to 1,000 police departments in Florida and gathers information on the number of sick days officers use after being involved in a shooting incident. This is an example of ____ research.

Accepted Answer

A)  variable-oriented 
B)  case-oriented 
C)  quasi-experimental 
D)  cohort 
A)  variable-oriented 
B)  case-oriented 
C)  quasi-experimental 
D)  cohort

Question 20

Construct validity is concerned with the ability to generalize from the results of the experimental group to the control group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Experiments in criminal justice typically require only one experimental and one control group for each study.

An _______________ is a type of variable-oriented research.

Explain the classical experiment in terms of the following: Independent and dependent variables Pre-testing and Post-testing Experimental and Control groups

Which situation presents a threat to internal validity?

Shortening the time between pretest and posttest or perhaps even offering cash payments to participants in an experiment are techniques that may be used to ____.

Instead of making one pre-test and one post-test measure, the _______________ makes a longer series of observations before and after introducing an experimental treatment.

Experimental mortality is also known as ____.

_______________ validity is the correspondence between the empirical test of a hypothesis and the underlying causal process that the experiment is intended to represent.

If randomization is not possible, the researcher would be well-advised to ____.

The goal of _______________ is to ensure that the experimental and groups will be statistically equivalent.

The maturation threat refers to _____.

Random assignment to experimental and control groups should reduce the threats to _____.

The defining feature of an experiment lies in the control of the independent variable by the experimenter.

Which procedure is suitable for random assignment to groups?

In a classical experiment, the researcher uses an _______________ to offset the effects of the experiment itself.

Experimental mortality is especially likely to be a problem when ____.

A questionnaire is sent to 1,000 police departments in Florida and gathers information on the number of sick days officers use after being involved in a shooting incident. This is an example of ____ research.

Construct validity is concerned with the ability to generalize from the results of the experimental group to the control group.

Section 1: Criminal Justice and Scientific Inquiry

Section 2: Criminal Justice and Scientific Inquiry

Section 1: Ethics and Criminal Justice Research

Section 2: Ethics and Criminal Justice Research

Section 1: General Issues in Research Design

Section 2: General Issues in Research Design

Section 1: Concepts, Operationalization, and Measurement

Section 2: Concepts, Operationalization, and Measurement

Section 2: Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Section 1: Sampling

Section 2: Sampling

Section 1: Survey Research

Section 2: Survey Research

Section 1: Qualitative Interviewing

Section 2: Qualitative Interviewing

Section 1: Field Observation

Section 2: Field Observation

Section 1: Agency Records, Content Analysis, and Secondary Data

Section 2: Agency Records, Content Analysis, and Secondary Data

Section 1: Evaluation Research and Problem Analysis Glossary

Section 2: Evaluation Research and Problem Analysis Glossary

Filters

Exam 5: Section 1: Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Experiments in criminal justice typically require only one experimental and one control group for each study.

An _______________ is a type of variable-oriented research.

Explain the classical experiment in terms of the following: Independent and dependent variables Pre-testing and Post-testing Experimental and Control groups

Which situation presents a threat to internal validity?

Shortening the time between pretest and posttest or perhaps even offering cash payments to participants in an experiment are techniques that may be used to ____.

Instead of making one pre-test and one post-test measure, the _______________ makes a longer series of observations before and after introducing an experimental treatment.

Experimental mortality is also known as ____.

_______________ validity is the correspondence between the empirical test of a hypothesis and the underlying causal process that the experiment is intended to represent.

If randomization is not possible, the researcher would be well-advised to ____.

The goal of _______________ is to ensure that the experimental and groups will be statistically equivalent.

The maturation threat refers to _____.

Random assignment to experimental and control groups should reduce the threats to _____.

The defining feature of an experiment lies in the control of the independent variable by the experimenter.

Which procedure is suitable for random assignment to groups?

In a classical experiment, the researcher uses an _______________ to offset the effects of the experiment itself.

Experimental mortality is especially likely to be a problem when ____.

A questionnaire is sent to 1,000 police departments in Florida and gathers information on the number of sick days officers use after being involved in a shooting incident. This is an example of ____ research.

Construct validity is concerned with the ability to generalize from the results of the experimental group to the control group.

Section 1: Criminal Justice and Scientific Inquiry

Section 2: Criminal Justice and Scientific Inquiry

Section 1: Ethics and Criminal Justice Research

Section 2: Ethics and Criminal Justice Research

Section 1: General Issues in Research Design

Section 2: General Issues in Research Design

Section 1: Concepts, Operationalization, and Measurement

Section 2: Concepts, Operationalization, and Measurement

Section 2: Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Section 1: Sampling

Section 2: Sampling

Section 1: Survey Research

Section 2: Survey Research

Section 1: Qualitative Interviewing

Section 2: Qualitative Interviewing

Section 1: Field Observation

Section 2: Field Observation

Section 1: Agency Records, Content Analysis, and Secondary Data

Section 2: Agency Records, Content Analysis, and Secondary Data

Section 1: Evaluation Research and Problem Analysis Glossary

Section 2: Evaluation Research and Problem Analysis Glossary

Filters