Question 1

Qualitative research has covered the wide range of applications from highly structured counting to less structured field observations and _______________.

Accepted Answer

interviews

Question 2

Qualitative research ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  is unable to generate theory 
B)  being the basis of grounded theory 
C)  can be used to produce only quantitative data 
D)  is unreliable 
A)  is unable to generate theory 
B)  being the basis of grounded theory 
C)  can be used to produce only quantitative data 
D)  is unreliable B

Question 3

To gain access to a formal criminal justice organization for the purpose of conducting qualitative interviewing, which step should be followed?

Accepted Answer

A)  find an informant and then send a letter to gain access 
B)  find a sponsor, send a letter, follow up with a phone call and then set up a meeting 
C)  telephone the agency and speak with the director and set up a meeting 
D)  field research cannot be done in formal criminal justice organizations because only the use of written records is allowed 
A)  find an informant and then send a letter to gain access 
B)  find a sponsor, send a letter, follow up with a phone call and then set up a meeting 
C)  telephone the agency and speak with the director and set up a meeting 
D)  field research cannot be done in formal criminal justice organizations because only the use of written records is allowed B

Question 4

What is an advantage to using unstructured interviewing techniques when conducting field research?

Accepted Answer

A)  the researcher knows a lot about the subject under study 
B)  the researcher won't enter into casual conversation with the subject as a means of gathering data 
C)  the researcher and subject may have short fixed time for the interview 
D)  the researcher and subject may witness an event together 
A)  the researcher knows a lot about the subject under study 
B)  the researcher won't enter into casual conversation with the subject as a means of gathering data 
C)  the researcher and subject may have short fixed time for the interview 
D)  the researcher and subject may witness an event together

Question 5

Qualitative interviews are important tools for producing thick description that helps reveal the richness of human experience.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

After you have identified a sponsor and sent a letter to a formal organization stating your interest in research, a phone call is typically the next step in the process. You have agreed upon a time and day for the phone call and at the appointed time, you call. The director will not take your call. What should you do next?

Accepted Answer

A)  forget that organization as a target of your research because if the director will not take your call now, you cannot expect much from him once the research begins 
B)  keep calling back until your call is taken by the director 
C)  ask to speak the director's assistant and make an appointment for a meeting 
D)  find another sponsor and see if you have better luck getting access to the director 
A)  forget that organization as a target of your research because if the director will not take your call now, you cannot expect much from him once the research begins 
B)  keep calling back until your call is taken by the director 
C)  ask to speak the director's assistant and make an appointment for a meeting 
D)  find another sponsor and see if you have better luck getting access to the director

Question 7

A letter used to gain access to a formal organization should include all of the following topics except ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the purpose of your research 
B)  who is funding your research 
C)  the action that you request someone to do for you 
D)  name your sponsor within the organization 
A)  the purpose of your research 
B)  who is funding your research 
C)  the action that you request someone to do for you 
D)  name your sponsor within the organization

Question 8

Probes are important tools for qualitative interviewing because they prompt participants to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  elaborate on responses by filling in more detail and depth 
B)  be careful when speaking 
C)  be concerned about others' feelings 
D)  be concerned about time 
A)  elaborate on responses by filling in more detail and depth 
B)  be careful when speaking 
C)  be concerned about others' feelings 
D)  be concerned about time

Question 9

The main thing to keep track of with respect to focus group dynamics are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  spontaneity 
B)  the emergence of themes 
C)  groupthink and dominant group members 
D)  group dynamics 
A)  spontaneity 
B)  the emergence of themes 
C)  groupthink and dominant group members 
D)  group dynamics

Question 10

The qualitative interview can also be thought of as an ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  well-designed survey 
B)  difficult exercise 
C)  purposeful conversation 
D)  expensive venture 
A)  well-designed survey 
B)  difficult exercise 
C)  purposeful conversation 
D)  expensive venture

Question 11

A researcher engaged in interviewing would likely use _______________ data that is defined as observations that are not easily reduced to numbers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A researcher engaged in interviewing would likely...

Question 12

Field notes should include all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  specific names of those being studied and where events happen even if those being studied are criminals 
B)  what you specifically witnessed 
C)  what you think that you witnessed 
D)  your interpretations of what you witnessed 
A)  specific names of those being studied and where events happen even if those being studied are criminals 
B)  what you specifically witnessed 
C)  what you think that you witnessed 
D)  your interpretations of what you witnessed

Question 13

Which statement is NOT a guideline for good field note taking?

Accepted Answer

A)  don't trust your memory, write down as much as possible unobtrusively 
B)  develop your notes from sketchy to more detailed with rewrites 
C)  use only key words and phrases in your notes, you will remember the details at a later date 
D)  record as many details as you can right after each observation session 
A)  don't trust your memory, write down as much as possible unobtrusively 
B)  develop your notes from sketchy to more detailed with rewrites 
C)  use only key words and phrases in your notes, you will remember the details at a later date 
D)  record as many details as you can right after each observation session

Question 14

Environmental surveys are used for which research purpose?

Accepted Answer

A)  determining the grounded theory 
B)  planning police strategies in drug enforcement and to assess the impact of those strategies 
C)  developing notes on graffiti and vandalism damage in an urban area 
D)  finding out green environment 
A)  determining the grounded theory 
B)  planning police strategies in drug enforcement and to assess the impact of those strategies 
C)  developing notes on graffiti and vandalism damage in an urban area 
D)  finding out green environment

Question 15

Which type of interview is the most natural, in-depth, and exploratory?

Accepted Answer

A)  semi-structured interviewing. 
B)  structured interviewing. 
C)  unstructured interviewing. 
D)  focus group interviewing. 
A)  semi-structured interviewing. 
B)  structured interviewing. 
C)  unstructured interviewing. 
D)  focus group interviewing.

Question 16

Regardless of the techniques used to identify subjects from subcultures, there will be concerns. Which of the following is not one of them?

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of probability sampling 
B)  selection bias 
C)  generally a small sample size 
D)  there are no concerns once you get an informant to introduce members of their subculture 
A)  lack of probability sampling 
B)  selection bias 
C)  generally a small sample size 
D)  there are no concerns once you get an informant to introduce members of their subculture

Question 17

The reliability of quantitative field studies can be enhanced by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  By reviewing police records. 
B)  Reviewing by the director of the organization. 
C)  Contacting various personnel within the organization. 
D)  Careful attention to the details of observation. 
A)  By reviewing police records. 
B)  Reviewing by the director of the organization. 
C)  Contacting various personnel within the organization. 
D)  Careful attention to the details of observation.

Question 18

When it is necessary to study phenomenon in their natural setting, experiments are the best approach to take.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

List and discuss methods that can be used to record field observations, identifying their strengths and weaknesses.

Accepted Answer

There are several methods that can be us

Question 20

List and discuss the roles of interviewers in qualitative research. Offer an example of a research scenario that would be appropriate for each role.

Accepted Answer

The roles of interviewers in qualitative

Exam 8: Section 1: Qualitative Interviewing

Qualitative research has covered the wide range of applications from highly structured counting to less structured field observations and _______________.

Qualitative research ____.

To gain access to a formal criminal justice organization for the purpose of conducting qualitative interviewing, which step should be followed?

What is an advantage to using unstructured interviewing techniques when conducting field research?

Qualitative interviews are important tools for producing thick description that helps reveal the richness of human experience.

A letter used to gain access to a formal organization should include all of the following topics except ____.

Probes are important tools for qualitative interviewing because they prompt participants to ____.

The main thing to keep track of with respect to focus group dynamics are ____.

The qualitative interview can also be thought of as an ____.

A researcher engaged in interviewing would likely use _______________ data that is defined as observations that are not easily reduced to numbers.

Field notes should include all but which of the following?

Which statement is NOT a guideline for good field note taking?

Environmental surveys are used for which research purpose?

Which type of interview is the most natural, in-depth, and exploratory?

Regardless of the techniques used to identify subjects from subcultures, there will be concerns. Which of the following is not one of them?

The reliability of quantitative field studies can be enhanced by ____.

When it is necessary to study phenomenon in their natural setting, experiments are the best approach to take.

List and discuss methods that can be used to record field observations, identifying their strengths and weaknesses.

List and discuss the roles of interviewers in qualitative research. Offer an example of a research scenario that would be appropriate for each role.

Section 1: Criminal Justice and Scientific Inquiry

Section 2: Criminal Justice and Scientific Inquiry

Section 1: Ethics and Criminal Justice Research

Section 2: Ethics and Criminal Justice Research

Section 1: General Issues in Research Design

Section 2: General Issues in Research Design

Section 1: Concepts, Operationalization, and Measurement

Section 2: Concepts, Operationalization, and Measurement

Section 1: Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Section 2: Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Section 1: Sampling

Section 2: Sampling

Section 1: Survey Research

Section 2: Survey Research

Section 2: Qualitative Interviewing

Section 1: Field Observation

Section 2: Field Observation

Section 1: Agency Records, Content Analysis, and Secondary Data

Section 2: Agency Records, Content Analysis, and Secondary Data

Section 1: Evaluation Research and Problem Analysis Glossary

Section 2: Evaluation Research and Problem Analysis Glossary

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