Exam 2: Section 2: Ethics and Criminal Justice Research

Weighing the potential benefits from doing research against the possibility of harm to the people being studied-or harm to other people-is a fundamental ethical dilemma in all research.

Under HHS regulations, virtually all research that uses human subjects in any way, including simply asking people questions, is subject to ____________________.

One of the most important potential ethical issue in social research addressed by the Federal regulations and IRB guidelines is the typical IRB requirement for dealing with the ethical principle of _____.

Scientists agree that participation in research should, in general, be voluntary. This norm, however, can conflict with the ____________________________________________________.

Federal regulations on human subjects include special provisions for certain types of subjects. These subjects are called _____.

Two ways to protect the privacy of research subjects are _____.

Institutional review boards (IRBs) play an important role in ensuring that the rights and interests of human subjects are protected. But some social science researchers believe that IRBs are becoming too ______.

One of the two general purposes of the Institutional Review Boards is to determine that there are adequate safeguards regarding the safety, confidentiality, and

A major tenet of medical research ethics is that experimental participation must be mandatory.

Two main ways of promoting compliance with ethical principles are ______.

The only research that may be exempt from IRB is the research that is conducted for educational purposes and studies that collect _________________________________.

Most scientists agree that research should not harm subjects unless they willingly and knowingly _____.

Juveniles' status as a special population of human subjects reflects the legal status of juveniles, as well as their _____.

Criminal justice research may generate special ethical questions, including the potential for _____.

Government agencies and nongovernment organizations including universities) that conduct research involving human subjects must establish review committees. These committees are called _____.

Criminal justice research has the potential to produce both physical and psychological harm, as well as embarrassment.

The researcher can lessen the potential for harm to the participant when doing research by putting themselves in the line of danger.

Federal regulations and IRB guidelines address other potential ethical issues in social research. Foremost among these is the typical IRB requirement for dealing with the ethical principle of _____.

In most studies that involve juveniles, consent must be obtained _____.

The potential for psychological harm to subjects exists when interviews are used to collect information.