Question 1

It is most psychologically healthy to be

Accepted Answer

A)  high in instrumental behaviors and low in expressive behaviors. 
B)  low in instrumental behaviors and high in expressive behaviors. 
C)  high in instrumental behaviors and expressive behaviors. 
D)  low in instrumental behaviors and expressive behaviors. 
A)  high in instrumental behaviors and low in expressive behaviors. 
B)  low in instrumental behaviors and high in expressive behaviors. 
C)  high in instrumental behaviors and expressive behaviors. 
D)  low in instrumental behaviors and expressive behaviors.

Question 2

If Lacey's parents are typical in how they socialize their children, Lacey is MOST likely to say,

Accepted Answer

A)  "My dad pushes my brother to try new things even if he's scared, but he doesn't expect me to." 
B)  "My mom wants my brother to act like a boy and me to act like a girl, but my dad just wants us to be ourselves." 
C)  "My parents encourage my brother to do 'girl' activities and me to do 'boy' activities, because they don't want us to feel restricted by gender stereotypes." 
D)  "My parents treat me exactly the same as they treat my brother." 
A)  "My dad pushes my brother to try new things even if he's scared, but he doesn't expect me to." 
B)  "My mom wants my brother to act like a boy and me to act like a girl, but my dad just wants us to be ourselves." 
C)  "My parents encourage my brother to do 'girl' activities and me to do 'boy' activities, because they don't want us to feel restricted by gender stereotypes." 
D)  "My parents treat me exactly the same as they treat my brother."

Question 3

Beliefs about how males and females differ in personality traits, interests, and behaviors are referred to as gender

Accepted Answer

A)  constancy. 
B)  stereotypes. 
C)  schemas. 
D)  identity. 
A)  constancy. 
B)  stereotypes. 
C)  schemas. 
D)  identity.

Question 4

Androgynous individuals

Accepted Answer

A)  display more instrumental traits. 
B)  display more expressive traits. 
C)  display many expressive and instrumental traits. 
D)  suffer from a hormonal imbalance. 
A)  display more instrumental traits. 
B)  display more expressive traits. 
C)  display many expressive and instrumental traits. 
D)  suffer from a hormonal imbalance.

Question 5

Androgens have been found to be related to gender differences in

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional sensitivity. 
B)  social influence. 
C)  verbal ability. 
D)  aggression. 
A)  emotional sensitivity. 
B)  social influence. 
C)  verbal ability. 
D)  aggression.

Question 6

More flexible views of gender stereotypes are associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  European Americans rather than African Americans. 
B)  older rather than younger children. 
C)  boys rather than girls. 
D)  less educated compared to more educated individuals. 
A)  European Americans rather than African Americans. 
B)  older rather than younger children. 
C)  boys rather than girls. 
D)  less educated compared to more educated individuals.

Question 7

As children get older, they __________ stereotypes when judging other children.

Accepted Answer

A)  become more likely to use 
B)  become more willing to ignore 
C)  will almost always use 
D)  will not change in their use of 
A)  become more likely to use 
B)  become more willing to ignore 
C)  will almost always use 
D)  will not change in their use of

Question 8

Maccoby and Jacklin's conclusions about gender differences have been criticized because they

Accepted Answer

A)  included some weak studies in their review. 
B)  based their findings on only a few studies. 
C)  did not examine gender differences in verbal and mathematical ability. 
D)  did not consider the age of children in the studies. 
A)  included some weak studies in their review. 
B)  based their findings on only a few studies. 
C)  did not examine gender differences in verbal and mathematical ability. 
D)  did not consider the age of children in the studies.

Question 9

__________ appear(s) to contribute to gender roles and gender differences.

Accepted Answer

A)  Biology 
B)  Socializing influences including people and the media 
C)  Children's own thinking 
D)  Biology, socializing influences, and children's own thinking 
A)  Biology 
B)  Socializing influences including people and the media 
C)  Children's own thinking 
D)  Biology, socializing influences, and children's own thinking

Question 10

Helping an adult is encouraged more in daughters than in sons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Girls are more flexible about gender stereotypes than boys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Teri and Chris have a 3-year-old daughter Fran. Teri and Chris don't want their daughter to grow up with traditional views of gender and gender roles. Based on the gender-schema theory, which of the following would you tell to Teri and Chris?

Accepted Answer

A)  Now that Fran knows she is a girl, there is nothing you can do to stop her from developing traditional views of gender and gender roles. 
B)  You should limit Fran's exposure to traditional gender roles - only allow her to see and engage in gender-neutral roles and activities. 
C)  Now that Fran knows she is a girl it is very hard to avoid gender-typical activities and roles. So, you should expose her to as many counter-stereotypical examples as possible (e.g., women who fly planes). 
D)  You should expose Fran to only counter-stereotypical activities and roles so that she learns that men should have expressive traits and women should have instrumental traits. 
A)  Now that Fran knows she is a girl, there is nothing you can do to stop her from developing traditional views of gender and gender roles. 
B)  You should limit Fran's exposure to traditional gender roles - only allow her to see and engage in gender-neutral roles and activities. 
C)  Now that Fran knows she is a girl it is very hard to avoid gender-typical activities and roles. So, you should expose her to as many counter-stereotypical examples as possible (e.g., women who fly planes). 
D)  You should expose Fran to only counter-stereotypical activities and roles so that she learns that men should have expressive traits and women should have instrumental traits.

Question 13

Who is likely to have the most extreme gender stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Michael, who lives in the United States 
B)  Ibrahim, who lives in Nigeria 
C)  Masaki, who lives in Japan 
D)  Nawaz, who lives in Pakistan 
A)  Michael, who lives in the United States 
B)  Ibrahim, who lives in Nigeria 
C)  Masaki, who lives in Japan 
D)  Nawaz, who lives in Pakistan

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Young girls are more likely than young boys to comply with an adult's request. 
B)  Boys and men are influenced more than girls and women by persuasive messages. 
C)  Boys and men are influenced more than girls and women by peer pressure. 
D)  Males tend to value group harmony more than females. 
A)  Young girls are more likely than young boys to comply with an adult's request. 
B)  Boys and men are influenced more than girls and women by persuasive messages. 
C)  Boys and men are influenced more than girls and women by peer pressure. 
D)  Males tend to value group harmony more than females.

Question 15

Elizabeth is high on both instrumental and expressive traits. She

Accepted Answer

A)  was probably exposed to unusually high levels of male hormones during prenatal development. 
B)  was probably exposed to unusually high levels of female hormones during prenatal development. 
C)  is constricting. 
D)  is androgynous. 
A)  was probably exposed to unusually high levels of male hormones during prenatal development. 
B)  was probably exposed to unusually high levels of female hormones during prenatal development. 
C)  is constricting. 
D)  is androgynous.

Question 16

European American children have more flexible ideas about gender than African American children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Biological differences in brain regions involved in reading differ for boys and girls may lead to gender differences in verbal ability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

For the traits in which gender differences were reported in your text,

Accepted Answer

A)  either all boys were higher than all girls on the trait or all girls were higher than all boys on the trait. 
B)  average differences between boys and girls were quite large, but the differences at the extremes of the distributions were insignificant. 
C)  there was substantial overlap between girls' and boys' abilities. 
D)  the average score for boys was the same as the average score for girls. 
A)  either all boys were higher than all girls on the trait or all girls were higher than all boys on the trait. 
B)  average differences between boys and girls were quite large, but the differences at the extremes of the distributions were insignificant. 
C)  there was substantial overlap between girls' and boys' abilities. 
D)  the average score for boys was the same as the average score for girls.

Question 19

You and a friend have an argument in which your friend insists that males and females are very different in many intellectual and social domains. What can you tell your friend about gender differences and their importance?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will be similar to the fol

Question 20

By 3 years of age, children show a firm preference for sex-typed toys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

It is most psychologically healthy to be

If Lacey's parents are typical in how they socialize their children, Lacey is MOST likely to say,

Beliefs about how males and females differ in personality traits, interests, and behaviors are referred to as gender

Androgynous individuals

Androgens have been found to be related to gender differences in

More flexible views of gender stereotypes are associated with

As children get older, they __________ stereotypes when judging other children.

Maccoby and Jacklin's conclusions about gender differences have been criticized because they

__________ appear(s) to contribute to gender roles and gender differences.

Helping an adult is encouraged more in daughters than in sons.

Girls are more flexible about gender stereotypes than boys.

Teri and Chris have a 3-year-old daughter Fran. Teri and Chris don't want their daughter to grow up with traditional views of gender and gender roles. Based on the gender-schema theory, which of the following would you tell to Teri and Chris?

Who is likely to have the most extreme gender stereotypes?

Which of the following is TRUE?

Elizabeth is high on both instrumental and expressive traits. She

European American children have more flexible ideas about gender than African American children.

Biological differences in brain regions involved in reading differ for boys and girls may lead to gender differences in verbal ability.

For the traits in which gender differences were reported in your text,

You and a friend have an argument in which your friend insists that males and females are very different in many intellectual and social domains. What can you tell your friend about gender differences and their importance?

By 3 years of age, children show a firm preference for sex-typed toys.

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

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Exam 13: Gender and Development

It is most psychologically healthy to be

If Lacey's parents are typical in how they socialize their children, Lacey is MOST likely to say,

Beliefs about how males and females differ in personality traits, interests, and behaviors are referred to as gender

Androgynous individuals

Androgens have been found to be related to gender differences in

More flexible views of gender stereotypes are associated with

As children get older, they __________ stereotypes when judging other children.

Maccoby and Jacklin's conclusions about gender differences have been criticized because they

__________ appear(s) to contribute to gender roles and gender differences.

Helping an adult is encouraged more in daughters than in sons.

Girls are more flexible about gender stereotypes than boys.

Teri and Chris have a 3-year-old daughter Fran. Teri and Chris don't want their daughter to grow up with traditional views of gender and gender roles. Based on the gender-schema theory, which of the following would you tell to Teri and Chris?

Who is likely to have the most extreme gender stereotypes?

Which of the following is TRUE?

Elizabeth is high on both instrumental and expressive traits. She

European American children have more flexible ideas about gender than African American children.

Biological differences in brain regions involved in reading differ for boys and girls may lead to gender differences in verbal ability.

For the traits in which gender differences were reported in your text,

You and a friend have an argument in which your friend insists that males and females are very different in many intellectual and social domains. What can you tell your friend about gender differences and their importance?

By 3 years of age, children show a firm preference for sex-typed toys.

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters