Question 1

Which condition does NOT contribute to non-shared-environment effects for siblings reared together?

Accepted Answer

A)  children's behavioural choices 
B)  growing up in the same family 
C)  birth order 
D)  children's experiences of parents' behaviour 
A)  children's behavioural choices 
B)  growing up in the same family 
C)  birth order 
D)  children's experiences of parents' behaviour B

Question 2

The mapping of the human genome has resulted in the insight that humans share a large proportion of their genes with:

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria. 
B)  fish. 
C)  elephants. 
D)  all of these. 
A)  bacteria. 
B)  fish. 
C)  elephants. 
D)  all of these. D

Question 3

If the correlation between identical twins on Trait R is higher than the correlation between fraternal twins on Trait R, behaviour geneticists conclude that:

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic factors are important in the development of Trait R. 
B)  genetic factors are irrelevant to the development of Trait R. 
C)  environmental factors are irrelevant in the development of Trait R. 
D)  genetic factors and environmental factors play equivalent roles in the development of Trait R. 
A)  genetic factors are important in the development of Trait R. 
B)  genetic factors are irrelevant to the development of Trait R. 
C)  environmental factors are irrelevant in the development of Trait R. 
D)  genetic factors and environmental factors play equivalent roles in the development of Trait R. A

Question 4

Behaviour genetics rests in part on the premise that, to the extent that genetic factors are important, individuals who _____ should be more similar than individuals who _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  are closely related; are unrelated 
B)  are unrelated; are closely related 
C)  have lived together; have not lived together 
D)  have not lived together; have lived together 
A)  are closely related; are unrelated 
B)  are unrelated; are closely related 
C)  have lived together; have not lived together 
D)  have not lived together; have lived together

Question 5

An important finding of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart is the extent of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  similarity of the twins in a wide range of behavioural traits. 
B)  similarity of the twins in a wide range of physical traits. 
C)  differences between the twins on the vast majority of behavioural traits. 
D)  differences between the twins on many physical traits. 
A)  similarity of the twins in a wide range of behavioural traits. 
B)  similarity of the twins in a wide range of physical traits. 
C)  differences between the twins on the vast majority of behavioural traits. 
D)  differences between the twins on many physical traits.

Question 6

If an individual is heterozygous for a trait, he has inherited two:

Accepted Answer

A)  of the same allele for that trait. 
B)  different alleles for that trait. 
C)  dominant alleles for that trait. 
D)  recessive alleles for that trait. 
A)  of the same allele for that trait. 
B)  different alleles for that trait. 
C)  dominant alleles for that trait. 
D)  recessive alleles for that trait.

Question 7

Which list identifies the correct sequence of the developmental processes of neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  neurogenesis, migration, axon growth, arborization, myelination 
B)  neurogenesis, axon growth, arborization, migration, myelination 
C)  neurogenesis, arborization, myelination, migration, axon growth 
D)  axon growth, arborization, myelination, neurogenesis, migration 
A)  neurogenesis, migration, axon growth, arborization, myelination 
B)  neurogenesis, axon growth, arborization, migration, myelination 
C)  neurogenesis, arborization, myelination, migration, axon growth 
D)  axon growth, arborization, myelination, neurogenesis, migration

Question 8

An individual suffers brain damage to one small area of the brain. As a result, he struggles to process visual information. Which area has he MOST likely injured?

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal lobe 
B)  corpus callosum 
C)  occipital lobe 
D)  parietal lobe 
A)  frontal lobe 
B)  corpus callosum 
C)  occipital lobe 
D)  parietal lobe

Question 9

Results of a study that randomly assigned mother‒infant dyads either to an intervention encouraging breastfeeding or to a control condition without intervention indicated that:

Accepted Answer

A)  it is difficult to encourage mothers to breastfeed. 
B)  any relation between breastfeeding and cognitive development can be accounted for by social class. 
C)  only infants with a specific allele that regulates fatty acids show benefits from being breastfed. 
D)  none of these. 
A)  it is difficult to encourage mothers to breastfeed. 
B)  any relation between breastfeeding and cognitive development can be accounted for by social class. 
C)  only infants with a specific allele that regulates fatty acids show benefits from being breastfed. 
D)  none of these.

Question 10

Children whose parents overregulate their eating behaviour are:

Accepted Answer

A)  less likely to struggle with their weight as adults. 
B)  better at regulating their own food intake. 
C)  less likely to struggle with their weight as adults and are better at regulating their own food intake. 
D)  none of these. 
A)  less likely to struggle with their weight as adults. 
B)  better at regulating their own food intake. 
C)  less likely to struggle with their weight as adults and are better at regulating their own food intake. 
D)  none of these.

Question 11

The different rates of synapse production in different areas of the brain indicate the:

Accepted Answer

A)  incapability of the brain to develop simultaneously in multiple areas. 
B)  differences in the timing of development of different skills and behavioural categories. 
C)  different rates of synapse elimination. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  incapability of the brain to develop simultaneously in multiple areas. 
B)  differences in the timing of development of different skills and behavioural categories. 
C)  different rates of synapse elimination. 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 12

Which part of the neuron conducts electrical impulses toward the cell body?

Accepted Answer

A)  axon 
B)  synapse 
C)  interneuron 
D)  dendrite 
A)  axon 
B)  synapse 
C)  interneuron 
D)  dendrite

Question 13

Which statement is an example of experience-expectant processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals are able to remember the details of a magazine article after they have read it. 
B)  Children who are born with cataracts that are not removed early enough will have permanently impaired vision. 
C)  Rats that are trained to use just one limb to get a food reward have increased dendritic material in the particular area of the motor cortex that controls the movement of that limb. 
D)  All of these statements are examples of experience-expectant processes. 
A)  Individuals are able to remember the details of a magazine article after they have read it. 
B)  Children who are born with cataracts that are not removed early enough will have permanently impaired vision. 
C)  Rats that are trained to use just one limb to get a food reward have increased dendritic material in the particular area of the motor cortex that controls the movement of that limb. 
D)  All of these statements are examples of experience-expectant processes.

Question 14

The frontal area of the cortex approaches maturity:

Accepted Answer

A)  at birth. 
B)  when the gray matter has fully replaced the white matter. 
C)  in early adulthood. 
D)  when synapse generation outpaces synapse elimination. 
A)  at birth. 
B)  when the gray matter has fully replaced the white matter. 
C)  in early adulthood. 
D)  when synapse generation outpaces synapse elimination.

Question 15

Which statement about the process of myelination is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Myelination occurs in a similar pattern in humans and chimpanzees. 
B)  Cortical areas become myelinated at approximately the same rates. 
C)  Myelination begins at the cortex and moves down into the brain stem. 
D)  None of these statements is true. 
A)  Myelination occurs in a similar pattern in humans and chimpanzees. 
B)  Cortical areas become myelinated at approximately the same rates. 
C)  Myelination begins at the cortex and moves down into the brain stem. 
D)  None of these statements is true.

Question 16

A change in a section of DNA that is the result of either a random, spontaneous error or environmental factors is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  polygenic inheritance. 
B)  a dominant-recessive pattern. 
C)  random assortment. 
D)  a mutation. 
A)  polygenic inheritance. 
B)  a dominant-recessive pattern. 
C)  random assortment. 
D)  a mutation.

Question 17

The complete set of genes is referred to as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  genome. 
B)  genesis. 
C)  genotype. 
D)  genode. 
A)  genome. 
B)  genesis. 
C)  genotype. 
D)  genode.

Question 18

During which time is brain damage LEAST likely to lead to permanent deficiencies?

Accepted Answer

A)  prenatal development 
B)  the first year of life 
C)  early childhood 
D)  adulthood 
A)  prenatal development 
B)  the first year of life 
C)  early childhood 
D)  adulthood

Question 19

Carrie complains to her doctor about having trouble with physical and cognitive tasks that she used to be able to do easily. Her doctor runs a number of tests and determines that Carrie's brain is not efficiently transmitting information. Which problem is MOST likely to be a culprit?

Accepted Answer

A)  The synapses in her nervous system have collapsed. 
B)  The myelin in her nervous system is decaying. 
C)  The dendrites in her nervous system are not properly passing along information to other cells. 
D)  All of these are equally likely culprits. 
A)  The synapses in her nervous system have collapsed. 
B)  The myelin in her nervous system is decaying. 
C)  The dendrites in her nervous system are not properly passing along information to other cells. 
D)  All of these are equally likely culprits.

Question 20

The heritability score for athletic ability estimates the:

Accepted Answer

A)  relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors in the development of an individual's athletic ability. 
B)  amount of variation in athletic ability in an entire population that is due to differences in their genes. 
C)  level of genetic influence on an individual's athletic ability. 
D)  extent of influence of evolution on a population's athletic ability. 
A)  relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors in the development of an individual's athletic ability. 
B)  amount of variation in athletic ability in an entire population that is due to differences in their genes. 
C)  level of genetic influence on an individual's athletic ability. 
D)  extent of influence of evolution on a population's athletic ability.

Exam 3: Section 2: Biology and Behavior

Which condition does NOT contribute to non-shared-environment effects for siblings reared together?

The mapping of the human genome has resulted in the insight that humans share a large proportion of their genes with:

If the correlation between identical twins on Trait R is higher than the correlation between fraternal twins on Trait R, behaviour geneticists conclude that:

Behaviour genetics rests in part on the premise that, to the extent that genetic factors are important, individuals who _____ should be more similar than individuals who _____.

An important finding of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart is the extent of the:

If an individual is heterozygous for a trait, he has inherited two:

Which list identifies the correct sequence of the developmental processes of neurons?

An individual suffers brain damage to one small area of the brain. As a result, he struggles to process visual information. Which area has he MOST likely injured?

Results of a study that randomly assigned mother‒infant dyads either to an intervention encouraging breastfeeding or to a control condition without intervention indicated that:

Children whose parents overregulate their eating behaviour are:

The different rates of synapse production in different areas of the brain indicate the:

Which part of the neuron conducts electrical impulses toward the cell body?

Which statement is an example of experience-expectant processes?

The frontal area of the cortex approaches maturity:

Which statement about the process of myelination is true?

A change in a section of DNA that is the result of either a random, spontaneous error or environmental factors is referred to as:

The complete set of genes is referred to as a:

During which time is brain damage LEAST likely to lead to permanent deficiencies?

Carrie complains to her doctor about having trouble with physical and cognitive tasks that she used to be able to do easily. Her doctor runs a number of tests and determines that Carrie's brain is not efficiently transmitting information. Which problem is MOST likely to be a culprit?

The heritability score for athletic ability estimates the:

Section 1: An Introduction to Child Development

Section 2: An Introduction to Child Development

Section 1: Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Section 2: Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Section 1: Biology and Behavior

Section 1: Theories of Cognitive Development

Section 2: Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Section 1: Conceptual Development

Section 2: Conceptual Development

Section 1: Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Section 2: Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Section 1: Theories of Social Development

Section 2: Theories of Social Development

Section 1: Emotional Development

Section 2: Emotional Development

Section 1: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Section 2: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Section 1: The Family

Section 2: The Family

Section 1: Peer Relationship

Section 2: Peer Relationship

Section 1: Moral Development

Section 2: Moral Development

Section 1: Gender Development

Section 2: Gender Development

Section 1: Conclusions

Section 2: Conclusions

Filters

Behaviour genetics rests in part on the premise that, to the extent that genetic factors are important, individuals who _ should be more similar than individuals who _.