Question 1

The set of strategies and behaviours parents use to teach children how to behave appropriately is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  discipline. 
B)  punishment. 
C)  internalization. 
D)  externalization. 
A)  discipline. 
B)  punishment. 
C)  internalization. 
D)  externalization.

Question 2

In defining a parent's parenting style, an important dimension is the degree of:

Accepted Answer

A)  socioeconomic health. 
B)  control. 
C)  indirect socialization. 
D)  respect. 
A)  socioeconomic health. 
B)  control. 
C)  indirect socialization. 
D)  respect.

Question 3

Parental use of psychological control tends to be reported most among which type of parents?

Accepted Answer

A)  permissive 
B)  authoritative 
C)  uninvolved 
D)  authoritarian 
A)  permissive 
B)  authoritative 
C)  uninvolved 
D)  authoritarian

Question 4

Authoritative parents are those who:

Accepted Answer

A)  are abusive. 
B)  are highly demanding and unresponsive. 
C)  have little interest in disciplining their children. 
D)  are attentive and consistent in their discipline. 
A)  are abusive. 
B)  are highly demanding and unresponsive. 
C)  have little interest in disciplining their children. 
D)  are attentive and consistent in their discipline.

Question 5

Children of which type of parents tend to be the most well-adjusted in terms of competence, antisocial behaviour, and self-confidence?

Accepted Answer

A)  permissive 
B)  authoritative 
C)  uninvolved 
D)  authoritarian 
A)  permissive 
B)  authoritative 
C)  uninvolved 
D)  authoritarian

Question 6

Which statement about cultural differences in the effect of parenting style on child outcome is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Consistent effects of the four parenting styles have been found in all cultures that have been examined. 
B)  The particular effects of permissive and uninvolved parents have been found to differ cross-culturally. 
C)  The meaning of discipline and control can differ cross-culturally, and this difference in meaning can change the effects of the authoritarian style. 
D)  Parenting styles have been examined only in North America, and thus we have no information about cultural differences as they impact parenting style. 
A)  Consistent effects of the four parenting styles have been found in all cultures that have been examined. 
B)  The particular effects of permissive and uninvolved parents have been found to differ cross-culturally. 
C)  The meaning of discipline and control can differ cross-culturally, and this difference in meaning can change the effects of the authoritarian style. 
D)  Parenting styles have been examined only in North America, and thus we have no information about cultural differences as they impact parenting style.

Question 7

The one-child-per-family policy in China served as a _____ for examining the effects of being an only child on children's development.

Accepted Answer

A)  laboratory experiment 
B)  structured observation 
C)  natural experiment 
D)  naturalistic observation 
A)  laboratory experiment 
B)  structured observation 
C)  natural experiment 
D)  naturalistic observation

Question 8

One current hypothesis about why there are socioeconomic differences in parenting practices is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic differences between lower-SES families and higher-SES families enable lower-SES families to cope with difficulties more easily. 
B)  the increased stress that lower-SES parents experience causes them to have less time and energy for complex child-rearing issues than do higher-SES parents. 
C)  higher-SES parents are more concerned about protecting their children from harm than are lower-SES parents. 
D)  the jobs common to higher-SES families require a greater degree of conformity than the jobs common to lower-SES families. 
A)  genetic differences between lower-SES families and higher-SES families enable lower-SES families to cope with difficulties more easily. 
B)  the increased stress that lower-SES parents experience causes them to have less time and energy for complex child-rearing issues than do higher-SES parents. 
C)  higher-SES parents are more concerned about protecting their children from harm than are lower-SES parents. 
D)  the jobs common to higher-SES families require a greater degree of conformity than the jobs common to lower-SES families.

Question 9

Approximately what percentage of children experience a family structure change as a result of separation, divorce, remarriage, cohabitation, or parental death?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  40 
A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  40

Question 10

The MOST accurate statement about the effects of divorce on children is that divorce has effects on:

Accepted Answer

A)  many child outcomes, both in the short and long term. 
B)  many child outcomes in the short term, but few in the long term. 
C)  a few child outcomes in the short term, and many in the long term. 
D)  a few child outcomes in the short term, but none in the long term. 
A)  many child outcomes, both in the short and long term. 
B)  many child outcomes in the short term, but few in the long term. 
C)  a few child outcomes in the short term, and many in the long term. 
D)  a few child outcomes in the short term, but none in the long term.

Question 11

Compared with low-SES parents, higher-SES parents:

Accepted Answer

A)  are more punitive. 
B)  are more likely to be authoritarian. 
C)  can spend more quality time with their children. 
D)  encourage conformity to a greater degree. 
A)  are more punitive. 
B)  are more likely to be authoritarian. 
C)  can spend more quality time with their children. 
D)  encourage conformity to a greater degree.

Question 12

Authoritarian parents are those who:

Accepted Answer

A)  are abusive. 
B)  are highly demanding and unresponsive. 
C)  have little interest in disciplining their children. 
D)  are attentive and consistent in their discipline. 
A)  are abusive. 
B)  are highly demanding and unresponsive. 
C)  have little interest in disciplining their children. 
D)  are attentive and consistent in their discipline.

Question 13

Which statement about the effect of childcare on parent‒child attachment is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Overall, children in childcare tend to be less securely attached than children who are not in childcare. 
B)  Overall, children in childcare tend to be more securely attached than children who are not in childcare. 
C)  Only when there are other risk factors is extensive childcare associated with less secure attachments. 
D)  In terms of maternal attachment, infants tend to do better in centre-based childcare than they do in other types of nonparental care. 
A)  Overall, children in childcare tend to be less securely attached than children who are not in childcare. 
B)  Overall, children in childcare tend to be more securely attached than children who are not in childcare. 
C)  Only when there are other risk factors is extensive childcare associated with less secure attachments. 
D)  In terms of maternal attachment, infants tend to do better in centre-based childcare than they do in other types of nonparental care.

Question 14

Mateo has limited contact with his noncustodial father, who lives across the country from him. His father is supportive and authoritative when Mateo does have contact with him. Mateo's peer, Ayden, has frequent contact with his own noncustodial father, who is permissive and disruptive. How are Mateo and Ayden likely to fare in terms of their adjustment and school achievement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mateo and Ayden will likely be similarly well adjusted because contact with noncustodial fathers is beneficial for adjustment. 
B)  Ayden will likely be better adjusted than Mateo because the frequency of contact with noncustodial fathers is more important than the quality of the contact. 
C)  Mateo will likely be better adjusted than Ayden because the quality of contact with noncustodial fathers is more important than the frequency of the contact. 
D)  Mateo and Ayden will likely be similarly poorly adjusted because both high quality and high quantity of contact with noncustodial fathers are necessary. 
A)  Mateo and Ayden will likely be similarly well adjusted because contact with noncustodial fathers is beneficial for adjustment. 
B)  Ayden will likely be better adjusted than Mateo because the frequency of contact with noncustodial fathers is more important than the quality of the contact. 
C)  Mateo will likely be better adjusted than Ayden because the quality of contact with noncustodial fathers is more important than the frequency of the contact. 
D)  Mateo and Ayden will likely be similarly poorly adjusted because both high quality and high quantity of contact with noncustodial fathers are necessary.

Question 15

Canadian policy allows parents to take _____ off from work and guarantees that they will not lose their job.

Accepted Answer

A)  6 weeks 
B)  12 weeks 
C)  6 months 
D)  1 year 
A)  6 weeks 
B)  12 weeks 
C)  6 months 
D)  1 year

Question 16

Compared with children of heterosexual parents, children of same-sex parents are:

Accepted Answer

A)  more poorly adjusted. 
B)  less popular. 
C)  more likely to be gay or lesbian themselves. 
D)  pretty much the same. 
A)  more poorly adjusted. 
B)  less popular. 
C)  more likely to be gay or lesbian themselves. 
D)  pretty much the same.

Question 17

In which group are youths' adjustment and problem behaviours MOST negatively affected by their parents' divorce?

Accepted Answer

A)  younger children 
B)  older children 
C)  adolescents 
D)  college-age youth 
A)  younger children 
B)  older children 
C)  adolescents 
D)  college-age youth

Question 18

Which variable has been found to be an important factor in the adjustment of children of same-sex parents?

Accepted Answer

A)  whether the homosexual parent is male or female 
B)  whether the child is also gay or lesbian 
C)  the closeness of the parent‒child relationship 
D)  the gender of the child 
A)  whether the homosexual parent is male or female 
B)  whether the child is also gay or lesbian 
C)  the closeness of the parent‒child relationship 
D)  the gender of the child

Question 19

Which factor is NOT an example of an active influence children have on the parenting process?

Accepted Answer

A)  temperament 
B)  perceptions of their parents' behaviour toward them 
C)  negative behaviour that is reinforced by parents 
D)  appearance 
A)  temperament 
B)  perceptions of their parents' behaviour toward them 
C)  negative behaviour that is reinforced by parents 
D)  appearance

Question 20

Cross-cultural studies of parenting styles have demonstrated that a factor that does NOT differ across cultures and subcultures is:

Accepted Answer

A)  prevalence of different parenting styles. 
B)  meaning of particular parenting styles to children. 
C)  outcomes associated with different parenting styles. 
D)  dimensions that define parenting styles. 
A)  prevalence of different parenting styles. 
B)  meaning of particular parenting styles to children. 
C)  outcomes associated with different parenting styles. 
D)  dimensions that define parenting styles.

The set of strategies and behaviours parents use to teach children how to behave appropriately is called:

In defining a parent's parenting style, an important dimension is the degree of:

Parental use of psychological control tends to be reported most among which type of parents?

Authoritative parents are those who:

Children of which type of parents tend to be the most well-adjusted in terms of competence, antisocial behaviour, and self-confidence?

Which statement about cultural differences in the effect of parenting style on child outcome is TRUE?

The one-child-per-family policy in China served as a _____ for examining the effects of being an only child on children's development.

One current hypothesis about why there are socioeconomic differences in parenting practices is that:

Approximately what percentage of children experience a family structure change as a result of separation, divorce, remarriage, cohabitation, or parental death?

The MOST accurate statement about the effects of divorce on children is that divorce has effects on:

Compared with low-SES parents, higher-SES parents:

Authoritarian parents are those who:

Which statement about the effect of childcare on parent‒child attachment is TRUE?

Canadian policy allows parents to take _____ off from work and guarantees that they will not lose their job.

Compared with children of heterosexual parents, children of same-sex parents are:

In which group are youths' adjustment and problem behaviours MOST negatively affected by their parents' divorce?

Which variable has been found to be an important factor in the adjustment of children of same-sex parents?

Which factor is NOT an example of an active influence children have on the parenting process?

Cross-cultural studies of parenting styles have demonstrated that a factor that does NOT differ across cultures and subcultures is:

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behaviour

Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 12: The Family

The set of strategies and behaviours parents use to teach children how to behave appropriately is called:

In defining a parent's parenting style, an important dimension is the degree of:

Parental use of psychological control tends to be reported most among which type of parents?

Authoritative parents are those who:

Children of which type of parents tend to be the most well-adjusted in terms of competence, antisocial behaviour, and self-confidence?

Which statement about cultural differences in the effect of parenting style on child outcome is TRUE?

The one-child-per-family policy in China served as a _____ for examining the effects of being an only child on children's development.

One current hypothesis about why there are socioeconomic differences in parenting practices is that:

Approximately what percentage of children experience a family structure change as a result of separation, divorce, remarriage, cohabitation, or parental death?

The MOST accurate statement about the effects of divorce on children is that divorce has effects on:

Compared with low-SES parents, higher-SES parents:

Authoritarian parents are those who:

Which statement about the effect of childcare on parent‒child attachment is TRUE?

Canadian policy allows parents to take _____ off from work and guarantees that they will not lose their job.

Compared with children of heterosexual parents, children of same-sex parents are:

In which group are youths' adjustment and problem behaviours MOST negatively affected by their parents' divorce?

Which variable has been found to be an important factor in the adjustment of children of same-sex parents?

Which factor is NOT an example of an active influence children have on the parenting process?

Cross-cultural studies of parenting styles have demonstrated that a factor that does NOT differ across cultures and subcultures is:

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behaviour

Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters