Question 1

Annalee is 3 years old. If asked to describe herself, which statement is she LEAST likely to say?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I am a great dancer. See, I can do a pirouette." 
B)  "I love to go apple picking." 
C)  "I have brown hair." 
D)  "My sister is a faster runner than me." 
A)  "I am a great dancer. See, I can do a pirouette." 
B)  "I love to go apple picking." 
C)  "I have brown hair." 
D)  "My sister is a faster runner than me." D

Question 2

As children enter adolescence, they tend to increasingly rely on which influence to evaluate themselves?

Accepted Answer

A)  peer evaluations 
B)  parental evaluations 
C)  teacher standards 
D)  internalized standards 
A)  peer evaluations 
B)  parental evaluations 
C)  teacher standards 
D)  internalized standards D

Question 3

Erikson theorized that successful resolution of the conflict of identity versus identity confusion involves an identity that is:

Accepted Answer

A)  positive. 
B)  diffused. 
C)  integrated. 
D)  foreclosed. 
A)  positive. 
B)  diffused. 
C)  integrated. 
D)  foreclosed. C

Question 4

According to Erikson, adolescents who have an incomplete and incoherent sense of self have identity:

Accepted Answer

A)  foreclosure. 
B)  moratorium. 
C)  diffusion. 
D)  confusion. 
A)  foreclosure. 
B)  moratorium. 
C)  diffusion. 
D)  confusion.

Question 5

Does heredity contribute to individuals' self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes, it does so by directly coding for level of self-esteem. 
B)  Yes, it does so at least in part by influencing aspects of the self, such as physical appearance, athletic ability, and intellectual abilities, which then influence self-esteem. 
C)  No, heredity does not influence self-esteem. 
D)  There is no way to examine the contribution of heredity to self-esteem. 
A)  Yes, it does so by directly coding for level of self-esteem. 
B)  Yes, it does so at least in part by influencing aspects of the self, such as physical appearance, athletic ability, and intellectual abilities, which then influence self-esteem. 
C)  No, heredity does not influence self-esteem. 
D)  There is no way to examine the contribution of heredity to self-esteem.

Question 6

It may be that children with ASD have difficulties in interacting with other people because they have a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  fixation on the personal fable. 
B)  impaired sense of self-awareness. 
C)  limited imaginary audience. 
D)  hindered joint attention ability. 
A)  fixation on the personal fable. 
B)  impaired sense of self-awareness. 
C)  limited imaginary audience. 
D)  hindered joint attention ability.

Question 7

Which portion of the Strange Situation MOST indicates the quality of the attachment bond?

Accepted Answer

A)  separations from the caregiver 
B)  reunions with the caregiver 
C)  interactions with a stranger 
D)  contact with novel objects 
A)  separations from the caregiver 
B)  reunions with the caregiver 
C)  interactions with a stranger 
D)  contact with novel objects

Question 8

Which attachment category is often associated with infants whose mothers exhibit abusive behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  insecure/resistant 
B)  secure 
C)  disorganized/distressed 
D)  insecure/avoidant 
A)  insecure/resistant 
B)  secure 
C)  disorganized/distressed 
D)  insecure/avoidant

Question 9

By what age is a rudimentary sense of self present?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 to 4 months 
B)  7 to 8 months 
C)  12 to 14 months 
D)  18 to 20 months 
A)  2 to 4 months 
B)  7 to 8 months 
C)  12 to 14 months 
D)  18 to 20 months

Question 10

In late childhood, children tend to rely particularly on which factor to evaluate themselves?

Accepted Answer

A)  peer evaluations 
B)  parental evaluations 
C)  teacher standards 
D)  internalized standards 
A)  peer evaluations 
B)  parental evaluations 
C)  teacher standards 
D)  internalized standards

Question 11

Parents who will be MOST likely to have children with poor self-esteem are those who regularly discipline their children with comments such as:

Accepted Answer

A)  "You are so irresponsible." 
B)  "You should not have done that." 
C)  "That was an irresponsible thing to do." 
D)  "You need to be much more careful next time." 
A)  "You are so irresponsible." 
B)  "You should not have done that." 
C)  "That was an irresponsible thing to do." 
D)  "You need to be much more careful next time."

Question 12

When an experimenter surreptitiously places a dot of rouge on Marlon's face and then puts him in front of the mirror, he touches the spot on his face. When the experimenter shows Marlon a photo of himself alongside photos of two other boys his age, Marlon does not recognize himself. Marlon is MOST likely to be at what age?

Accepted Answer

A)  14 months 
B)  17 months 
C)  19 months 
D)  24 months 
A)  14 months 
B)  17 months 
C)  19 months 
D)  24 months

Question 13

Infants respond preferentially to familiar caregivers in which of Bowlby's phases?

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocal relationships 
B)  attachment-in-the-making 
C)  clear-cut attachment 
D)  preattachment 
A)  reciprocal relationships 
B)  attachment-in-the-making 
C)  clear-cut attachment 
D)  preattachment

Question 14

Attachments are:

Accepted Answer

A)  enduring emotional bonds formed by children to their primary caregivers. 
B)  compulsive needs of children to hold security items, such as pacifiers and blankets. 
C)  connections between siblings that are maintained throughout the life span. 
D)  qualities that are central to one's identity. 
A)  enduring emotional bonds formed by children to their primary caregivers. 
B)  compulsive needs of children to hold security items, such as pacifiers and blankets. 
C)  connections between siblings that are maintained throughout the life span. 
D)  qualities that are central to one's identity.

Question 15

The "terrible twos" are an indication of:

Accepted Answer

A)  insecure attachment. 
B)  self-awareness. 
C)  negative identity. 
D)  parental insensitivity. 
A)  insecure attachment. 
B)  self-awareness. 
C)  negative identity. 
D)  parental insensitivity.

Question 16

Erikson theorized that a negative identity is one that:

Accepted Answer

A)  is based on little exploration of choices. 
B)  represents the opposite of what is valued by one's parents. 
C)  is in "time-out." 
D)  is focused on the expectation of few choices and a poor self-image. 
A)  is based on little exploration of choices. 
B)  represents the opposite of what is valued by one's parents. 
C)  is in "time-out." 
D)  is focused on the expectation of few choices and a poor self-image.

Question 17

Describe the attachment process according to Bowlby.

Accepted Answer

Attachment is defined as an emotional bo

Question 18

In Western cultures, self-esteem tends to be related to _____; in Asian cultures, it tends to be related to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  contributing to the welfare of the group; affirming the norms of social interdependence 
B)  individual accomplishments; contributing to the welfare of the group 
C)  individual accomplishments; individual accomplishments 
D)  contributing to the welfare of the group; contributing to the welfare of the group 
A)  contributing to the welfare of the group; affirming the norms of social interdependence 
B)  individual accomplishments; contributing to the welfare of the group 
C)  individual accomplishments; individual accomplishments 
D)  contributing to the welfare of the group; contributing to the welfare of the group

Question 19

Which assertion is a true statement about the impact of peer, parental, and self standards on children's self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Over the course of childhood, peer acceptance becomes a progressively weaker effect on children's self-esteem. 
B)  In late childhood, children's feelings of competence are tied more closely to parental evaluations than to peer evaluations. 
C)  In adolescence, self-esteem becomes less and less tied to internalized standards. 
D)  Adolescents who base their self-evaluations on others' standards are at increased risk for psychological problems. 
A)  Over the course of childhood, peer acceptance becomes a progressively weaker effect on children's self-esteem. 
B)  In late childhood, children's feelings of competence are tied more closely to parental evaluations than to peer evaluations. 
C)  In adolescence, self-esteem becomes less and less tied to internalized standards. 
D)  Adolescents who base their self-evaluations on others' standards are at increased risk for psychological problems.

Question 20

Infants are typically equally comforted by all caregivers in which of Bowlby's phases?

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocal relationships 
B)  attachment-in-the-making 
C)  clear-cut attachment 
D)  preattachment 
A)  reciprocal relationships 
B)  attachment-in-the-making 
C)  clear-cut attachment 
D)  preattachment

Annalee is 3 years old. If asked to describe herself, which statement is she LEAST likely to say?

As children enter adolescence, they tend to increasingly rely on which influence to evaluate themselves?

Erikson theorized that successful resolution of the conflict of identity versus identity confusion involves an identity that is:

According to Erikson, adolescents who have an incomplete and incoherent sense of self have identity:

Does heredity contribute to individuals' self-esteem?

It may be that children with ASD have difficulties in interacting with other people because they have a(n):

Which portion of the Strange Situation MOST indicates the quality of the attachment bond?

Which attachment category is often associated with infants whose mothers exhibit abusive behaviour?

By what age is a rudimentary sense of self present?

In late childhood, children tend to rely particularly on which factor to evaluate themselves?

Parents who will be MOST likely to have children with poor self-esteem are those who regularly discipline their children with comments such as:

Infants respond preferentially to familiar caregivers in which of Bowlby's phases?

Attachments are:

The "terrible twos" are an indication of:

Erikson theorized that a negative identity is one that:

Describe the attachment process according to Bowlby.

In Western cultures, self-esteem tends to be related to _; in Asian cultures, it tends to be related to _.

Which assertion is a true statement about the impact of peer, parental, and self standards on children's self-esteem?

Infants are typically equally comforted by all caregivers in which of Bowlby's phases?

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behaviour

Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 11: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Annalee is 3 years old. If asked to describe herself, which statement is she LEAST likely to say?

As children enter adolescence, they tend to increasingly rely on which influence to evaluate themselves?

Erikson theorized that successful resolution of the conflict of identity versus identity confusion involves an identity that is:

According to Erikson, adolescents who have an incomplete and incoherent sense of self have identity:

Does heredity contribute to individuals' self-esteem?

It may be that children with ASD have difficulties in interacting with other people because they have a(n):

Which portion of the Strange Situation MOST indicates the quality of the attachment bond?

Which attachment category is often associated with infants whose mothers exhibit abusive behaviour?

By what age is a rudimentary sense of self present?

In late childhood, children tend to rely particularly on which factor to evaluate themselves?

Parents who will be MOST likely to have children with poor self-esteem are those who regularly discipline their children with comments such as:

Infants respond preferentially to familiar caregivers in which of Bowlby's phases?

Attachments are:

The "terrible twos" are an indication of:

Erikson theorized that a negative identity is one that:

Describe the attachment process according to Bowlby.

In Western cultures, self-esteem tends to be related to _____; in Asian cultures, it tends to be related to _____.

Which assertion is a true statement about the impact of peer, parental, and self standards on children's self-esteem?

Infants are typically equally comforted by all caregivers in which of Bowlby's phases?

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behaviour

Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

In Western cultures, self-esteem tends to be related to _; in Asian cultures, it tends to be related to _.