Question 1

John Watson advised parents to treat their children with:

Accepted Answer

A)  respect. 
B)  hostile attributions. 
C)  affection. 
D)  objectivity. 
A)  respect. 
B)  hostile attributions. 
C)  affection. 
D)  objectivity. D

Question 2

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that the prolonged period of human children's immaturity is:

Accepted Answer

A)  wasteful. 
B)  a result of the nested structure of human contexts. 
C)  caused by parents' reinforcement of children's immature behaviour. 
D)  adaptive. 
A)  wasteful. 
B)  a result of the nested structure of human contexts. 
C)  caused by parents' reinforcement of children's immature behaviour. 
D)  adaptive. D

Question 3

Traditional learning theorists emphasize the importance of _____ on children's development.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive factors 
B)  internal forces 
C)  subjective experience 
D)  external factors 
A)  cognitive factors 
B)  internal forces 
C)  subjective experience 
D)  external factors D

Question 4

The exosystem involves the:

Accepted Answer

A)  settings in which the child is not a direct participant. 
B)  temporal dimension. 
C)  general beliefs, values, customs, and laws of the larger society. 
D)  connections among the contexts in which the child directly participates. 
A)  settings in which the child is not a direct participant. 
B)  temporal dimension. 
C)  general beliefs, values, customs, and laws of the larger society. 
D)  connections among the contexts in which the child directly participates.

Question 5

According to Erikson, successful resolution of the industry versus inferiority crisis involves:

Accepted Answer

A)  achieving a core sense of identity. 
B)  developing a conscience. 
C)  mastering important skills and cooperating with others. 
D)  identifying with one's powerful parent. 
A)  achieving a core sense of identity. 
B)  developing a conscience. 
C)  mastering important skills and cooperating with others. 
D)  identifying with one's powerful parent.

Question 6

Parental-investment theory can be used to explain:

Accepted Answer

A)  differences in rates of child abuse perpetrated against biological children versus stepchildren. 
B)  imprinting. 
C)  societal changes in views of women in the workforce. 
D)  hostile attributional biases. 
A)  differences in rates of child abuse perpetrated against biological children versus stepchildren. 
B)  imprinting. 
C)  societal changes in views of women in the workforce. 
D)  hostile attributional biases.

Question 7

The parents of 2-year-old Joshua are frustrated with his screaming when he wants something. According to Skinner, which statement would be the BEST advice to give Joshua's parents if they wish to stop Joshua's screaming?

Accepted Answer

A)  Give Joshua what he wants whether or not he screams. 
B)  Always give Joshua what he wants when he screams. 
C)  Sometimes give Joshua what he wants when he screams, and sometimes refuse to give him what he wants when he screams. 
D)  Never give Joshua what he wants when he screams. 
A)  Give Joshua what he wants whether or not he screams. 
B)  Always give Joshua what he wants when he screams. 
C)  Sometimes give Joshua what he wants when he screams, and sometimes refuse to give him what he wants when he screams. 
D)  Never give Joshua what he wants when he screams.

Question 8

Bandura did NOT come to emphasize the role of:

Accepted Answer

A)  attention. 
B)  memory. 
C)  retrieval. 
D)  role taking. 
A)  attention. 
B)  memory. 
C)  retrieval. 
D)  role taking.

Question 9

In regard to the association between children's behaviours and child maltreatment, children who are maltreated:

Accepted Answer

A)  do not differ in temperament from other children. 
B)  are so poorly behaved that they are to blame for their maltreatment. 
C)  are more likely to have difficult temperaments than are other children. 
D)  are likely to have easygoing temperaments and thus have difficulty defending themselves against the abuse. 
A)  do not differ in temperament from other children. 
B)  are so poorly behaved that they are to blame for their maltreatment. 
C)  are more likely to have difficult temperaments than are other children. 
D)  are likely to have easygoing temperaments and thus have difficulty defending themselves against the abuse.

Question 10

The superego is based on:

Accepted Answer

A)  the reality principle. 
B)  internalization of parents' standards for acceptable behaviour. 
C)  the pleasure principle. 
D)  none of these. 
A)  the reality principle. 
B)  internalization of parents' standards for acceptable behaviour. 
C)  the pleasure principle. 
D)  none of these.

Question 11

According to Freud, which personality structure develops FIRST?

Accepted Answer

A)  the id 
B)  the superid 
C)  the ego 
D)  the superego 
A)  the id 
B)  the superid 
C)  the ego 
D)  the superego

Question 12

The chronosystem involves the:

Accepted Answer

A)  settings in which the child is not a direct participant. 
B)  change in person or environment over time. 
C)  general beliefs, values, customs, and laws of the larger society. 
D)  activities, roles, and relationships in which the child directly participates. 
A)  settings in which the child is not a direct participant. 
B)  change in person or environment over time. 
C)  general beliefs, values, customs, and laws of the larger society. 
D)  activities, roles, and relationships in which the child directly participates.

Question 13

Which stage begins with the start of sexual maturation?

Accepted Answer

A)  phallic 
B)  latency 
C)  genital 
D)  oral 
A)  phallic 
B)  latency 
C)  genital 
D)  oral

Question 14

Albert Bandura was a proponent of which theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychosocial theory 
B)  ecological theory 
C)  behaviourism 
D)  social-learning theory 
A)  psychosocial theory 
B)  ecological theory 
C)  behaviourism 
D)  social-learning theory

Question 15

Danny is an adult who behaves selfishly and impulsively. He appears to seek immediate gratification and ignore any potential negative consequences. Freud would say that Danny is ruled by his:

Accepted Answer

A)  conscience. 
B)  superego. 
C)  erogenous zones. 
D)  id. 
A)  conscience. 
B)  superego. 
C)  erogenous zones. 
D)  id.

Question 16

Psychoanalytic theories emphasize:

Accepted Answer

A)  social reasoning. 
B)  external factors as sources of development. 
C)  continuity of individual differences. 
D)  the importance of cognitive factors in development. 
A)  social reasoning. 
B)  external factors as sources of development. 
C)  continuity of individual differences. 
D)  the importance of cognitive factors in development.

Question 17

Parents who maltreat their children:

Accepted Answer

A)  always have a dependency on alcohol or illegal drugs. 
B)  tend to have poor social support. 
C)  are usually fathers. 
D)  are always poor. 
A)  always have a dependency on alcohol or illegal drugs. 
B)  tend to have poor social support. 
C)  are usually fathers. 
D)  are always poor.

Question 18

Which statement is an example of reciprocal determinism?

Accepted Answer

A)  A child becomes fearful of snakes after being bitten by one. 
B)  A child who tends to treat others with kindness influences her peers' behaviour, which in turn influences the child. 
C)  A child with poor academic self-efficacy is more likely than other children to withdraw from school work. 
D)  A child continues to throw temper tantrums because he gets what he wants as a result. 
A)  A child becomes fearful of snakes after being bitten by one. 
B)  A child who tends to treat others with kindness influences her peers' behaviour, which in turn influences the child. 
C)  A child with poor academic self-efficacy is more likely than other children to withdraw from school work. 
D)  A child continues to throw temper tantrums because he gets what he wants as a result.

Question 19

The active role children play in their own development is a central focus of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the bioecological approach. 
B)  all ecological theories of development. 
C)  ethology. 
D)  evolutionary psychology. 
A)  the bioecological approach. 
B)  all ecological theories of development. 
C)  ethology. 
D)  evolutionary psychology.

Question 20

Repeated exposure to a feared object or experience in order to reduce fear is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  systematic desensitization. 
B)  operant conditioning. 
C)  behaviour modification. 
D)  classical conditioning. 
A)  systematic desensitization. 
B)  operant conditioning. 
C)  behaviour modification. 
D)  classical conditioning.

John Watson advised parents to treat their children with:

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that the prolonged period of human children's immaturity is:

Traditional learning theorists emphasize the importance of _____ on children's development.

The exosystem involves the:

According to Erikson, successful resolution of the industry versus inferiority crisis involves:

Parental-investment theory can be used to explain:

The parents of 2-year-old Joshua are frustrated with his screaming when he wants something. According to Skinner, which statement would be the BEST advice to give Joshua's parents if they wish to stop Joshua's screaming?

Bandura did NOT come to emphasize the role of:

In regard to the association between children's behaviours and child maltreatment, children who are maltreated:

The superego is based on:

According to Freud, which personality structure develops FIRST?

The chronosystem involves the:

Which stage begins with the start of sexual maturation?

Albert Bandura was a proponent of which theory?

Danny is an adult who behaves selfishly and impulsively. He appears to seek immediate gratification and ignore any potential negative consequences. Freud would say that Danny is ruled by his:

Psychoanalytic theories emphasize:

Parents who maltreat their children:

Which statement is an example of reciprocal determinism?

The active role children play in their own development is a central focus of:

Repeated exposure to a feared object or experience in order to reduce fear is referred to as:

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behaviour

Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 9: Theories of Social Development

John Watson advised parents to treat their children with:

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that the prolonged period of human children's immaturity is:

Traditional learning theorists emphasize the importance of _____ on children's development.

The exosystem involves the:

According to Erikson, successful resolution of the industry versus inferiority crisis involves:

Parental-investment theory can be used to explain:

The parents of 2-year-old Joshua are frustrated with his screaming when he wants something. According to Skinner, which statement would be the BEST advice to give Joshua's parents if they wish to stop Joshua's screaming?

Bandura did NOT come to emphasize the role of:

In regard to the association between children's behaviours and child maltreatment, children who are maltreated:

The superego is based on:

According to Freud, which personality structure develops FIRST?

The chronosystem involves the:

Which stage begins with the start of sexual maturation?

Albert Bandura was a proponent of which theory?

Danny is an adult who behaves selfishly and impulsively. He appears to seek immediate gratification and ignore any potential negative consequences. Freud would say that Danny is ruled by his:

Psychoanalytic theories emphasize:

Parents who maltreat their children:

Which statement is an example of reciprocal determinism?

The active role children play in their own development is a central focus of:

Repeated exposure to a feared object or experience in order to reduce fear is referred to as:

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behaviour

Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters