Question 1

The number of chromosomes is reduced to half during

Accepted Answer

A)  anaphase of mitosis and meiosis. 
B)  meiosis II. 
C)  meiosis I. 
D)  fertilization. 
E)  interphase. 
A)  anaphase of mitosis and meiosis. 
B)  meiosis II. 
C)  meiosis I. 
D)  fertilization. 
E)  interphase.

Question 2

Knowledge of the cell cycle has led to improved means of treating cancer. Taxol prevents the microtubules of the spindle fiber from functioning normally. Taxol prevents the cell cycle from entering

Accepted Answer

A)  G1. 
B)  G2. 
C)  S. 
D)  prophase. 
E)  interphase. 
A)  G1. 
B)  G2. 
C)  S. 
D)  prophase. 
E)  interphase.

Question 3

Sexual reproduction increases genetic variability through

Accepted Answer

A)  the exchange of genetic information between male and female gametes during meiosis I. 
B)  the random separation of homologous chromosomes. 
C)  the union of male and female gametes. 
D)  crossing over, independent assortment, and random fertilization. 
E)  random assortment of male and female chromosomes. 
A)  the exchange of genetic information between male and female gametes during meiosis I. 
B)  the random separation of homologous chromosomes. 
C)  the union of male and female gametes. 
D)  crossing over, independent assortment, and random fertilization. 
E)  random assortment of male and female chromosomes.

Question 4

In general, the division of the cell, called _______, follows immediately after mitosis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In general, the division of the cell,...

Question 5

Which of the following statements about mitosis is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cytokinesis follows mitosis. 
B)  DNA replication is completed prior to the beginning of this phase. 
C)  The chromosome number of the resulting cells is the same as that of the parent cell. 
D)  The daughter cells are genetically identical to the parental cell. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Cytokinesis follows mitosis. 
B)  DNA replication is completed prior to the beginning of this phase. 
C)  The chromosome number of the resulting cells is the same as that of the parent cell. 
D)  The daughter cells are genetically identical to the parental cell. 
E)  All of the above

Question 6

Evidence from yeast suggests that the maturation-promoting factor of sea urchins is

Accepted Answer

A)  a cyclin. 
B)  MFP. 
C)  an S nuclease. 
D)  a Cdk. 
E)  a Cdk/cyclin phosphatase. 
A)  a cyclin. 
B)  MFP. 
C)  an S nuclease. 
D)  a Cdk. 
E)  a Cdk/cyclin phosphatase.

Question 7

In sexually reproducing organisms, the diploid phase of the life cycle begins at

Accepted Answer

A)  spore formation. 
B)  gamete formation. 
C)  meiosis. 
D)  mitosis. 
E)  fertilization. 
A)  spore formation. 
B)  gamete formation. 
C)  meiosis. 
D)  mitosis. 
E)  fertilization.

Question 8

During meiosis I in humans, one of the daughter cells receives

Accepted Answer

A)  only maternal chromosomes. 
B)  a mixture of maternal and paternal chromosomes. 
C)  the same number of chromosomes as that of a diploid cell. 
D)  a sister chromatid from each chromosome. 
E)  one-fourth the amount of DNA in the parent nucleus. 
A)  only maternal chromosomes. 
B)  a mixture of maternal and paternal chromosomes. 
C)  the same number of chromosomes as that of a diploid cell. 
D)  a sister chromatid from each chromosome. 
E)  one-fourth the amount of DNA in the parent nucleus.

Question 9

During prometaphase, the chromatids are held together by _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During prometaphase, the chromatids are held together...

Question 10

A zygote usually has _______ copies of each chromosome.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A zygote usually has _______ copies of...

Question 11

Accidents during meiosis that can result in trisomies and monosomies are called

Accepted Answer

A)  nondisjunctions. 
B)  inversions. 
C)  reciprocal translocations. 
D)  recombinations. 
E)  acrocentricities. 
A)  nondisjunctions. 
B)  inversions. 
C)  reciprocal translocations. 
D)  recombinations. 
E)  acrocentricities.

Question 12

Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk's) catalyze the phosphorylation of targeted proteins, a process that

Accepted Answer

A)  decreases the mass of the protein. 
B)  makes the targeted proteins hydrophobic. 
C)  changes the shape and function of the targeted proteins. 
D)  gives the proteins a three-dimensional shape. 
E)  blocks the cell cycle from proceeding. 
A)  decreases the mass of the protein. 
B)  makes the targeted proteins hydrophobic. 
C)  changes the shape and function of the targeted proteins. 
D)  gives the proteins a three-dimensional shape. 
E)  blocks the cell cycle from proceeding.

Question 13

In a haploid organism, most mitosis occurs

Accepted Answer

A)  after fertilization and before meiosis. 
B)  after meiosis and before fertilization. 
C)  between meiosis I and II. 
D)  during G1. 
E)  in diploid cells. 
A)  after fertilization and before meiosis. 
B)  after meiosis and before fertilization. 
C)  between meiosis I and II. 
D)  during G1. 
E)  in diploid cells.

Question 14

Which statement about mitosis is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  A single nucleus gives rise to two identical daughter nuclei. 
B)  The daughter nuclei are genetically identical to the parent nucleus. 
C)  The centromeres separate at the onset of anaphase. 
D)  Homologous chromosomes synapse in prophase. 
E)  The centrosomes organize the microtubules of the spindle fibers. 
A)  A single nucleus gives rise to two identical daughter nuclei. 
B)  The daughter nuclei are genetically identical to the parent nucleus. 
C)  The centromeres separate at the onset of anaphase. 
D)  Homologous chromosomes synapse in prophase. 
E)  The centrosomes organize the microtubules of the spindle fibers.

Question 15

Chromosome movement during anaphase is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  the hydrolysis of ATP by dynein. 
B)  molecular motors at the kinetochores that move the chromosomes toward the poles. 
C)  molecular motors at the centrosome that pull the microtubules toward the poles. 
D)  shortening of the microtubules at the centrosome that pull the chromosomes toward the poles. 
E)  a, b, and d 
A)  the hydrolysis of ATP by dynein. 
B)  molecular motors at the kinetochores that move the chromosomes toward the poles. 
C)  molecular motors at the centrosome that pull the microtubules toward the poles. 
D)  shortening of the microtubules at the centrosome that pull the chromosomes toward the poles. 
E)  a, b, and d

Question 16

By using a chemical that inhibits cytokinesis, you have created peaches that are tetraploid. How many sets of chromosomes do these peaches have? (What is the ploidy of these chromosomes?) Will these peaches produce gametes that are fertile? What if the peaches were triploid?

Accepted Answer

Peaches that are tetraploid have four se

Question 17

At the milestone that defines metaphase, the chromosomes

Accepted Answer

A)  separate. 
B)  come together. 
C)  are at opposite poles. 
D)  line up at the equatorial plate. 
E)  cross over. 
A)  separate. 
B)  come together. 
C)  are at opposite poles. 
D)  line up at the equatorial plate. 
E)  cross over.

Question 18

When a DNA molecule doubles, a chromosome is then made up of two joined _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a DNA molecule doubles, a chromosome...

Question 19

When dividing cells are examined under a light microscope, chromosomes first become visible during

Accepted Answer

A)  interphase. 
B)  the S phase. 
C)  prophase. 
D)  G1. 
E)  G2. 
A)  interphase. 
B)  the S phase. 
C)  prophase. 
D)  G1. 
E)  G2.

Question 20

Occasionally, a homologous chromosome pair fails to separate during anaphase I of meiosis. One of the resulting cells lacks a copy of this chromosome, whereas the other contains both members of the homologous pair. These cells are called _______ cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Occasionally, a homologous chromosome pair fails to...

Exam 11: The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

The number of chromosomes is reduced to half during

Knowledge of the cell cycle has led to improved means of treating cancer. Taxol prevents the microtubules of the spindle fiber from functioning normally. Taxol prevents the cell cycle from entering

Sexual reproduction increases genetic variability through

In general, the division of the cell, called _______, follows immediately after mitosis.

Which of the following statements about mitosis is true?

Evidence from yeast suggests that the maturation-promoting factor of sea urchins is

In sexually reproducing organisms, the diploid phase of the life cycle begins at

During meiosis I in humans, one of the daughter cells receives

During prometaphase, the chromatids are held together by _______.

A zygote usually has _______ copies of each chromosome.

Accidents during meiosis that can result in trisomies and monosomies are called

Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk's) catalyze the phosphorylation of targeted proteins, a process that

In a haploid organism, most mitosis occurs

Which statement about mitosis is not true?

Chromosome movement during anaphase is the result of

By using a chemical that inhibits cytokinesis, you have created peaches that are tetraploid. How many sets of chromosomes do these peaches have? (What is the ploidy of these chromosomes?) Will these peaches produce gametes that are fertile? What if the peaches were triploid?

At the milestone that defines metaphase, the chromosomes

When a DNA molecule doubles, a chromosome is then made up of two joined _______.

When dividing cells are examined under a light microscope, chromosomes first become visible during

Occasionally, a homologous chromosome pair fails to separate during anaphase I of meiosis. One of the resulting cells lacks a copy of this chromosome, whereas the other contains both members of the homologous pair. These cells are called _______ cells.

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