Question 1

Which of the following statements about meiosis is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The chromosome number in the resulting cells is halved. 
B)  DNA replication occurs before meiosis I and meiosis II. 
C)  The homologs do not pair during prophase I. 
D)  The daughter cells are genetically identical to the parental cell. 
E)  The chromosome number of the resulting cells is the same as that of the parent cell. 
A)  The chromosome number in the resulting cells is halved. 
B)  DNA replication occurs before meiosis I and meiosis II. 
C)  The homologs do not pair during prophase I. 
D)  The daughter cells are genetically identical to the parental cell. 
E)  The chromosome number of the resulting cells is the same as that of the parent cell.

Question 2

A typical cell cycle consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  mitosis and meiosis. 
B)  G1, the S phase, and G2. 
C)  prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. 
D)  interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. 
E)  meiosis and fertilization. 
A)  mitosis and meiosis. 
B)  G1, the S phase, and G2. 
C)  prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. 
D)  interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. 
E)  meiosis and fertilization.

Question 3

Which of the following is not part of sexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  The segregation of homologous chromosomes during gamete formation 
B)  The fusion of sister chromatids during fertilization 
C)  The fusion of haploid cells from a diploid zygote 
D)  The reduction in chromosome number during meiosis 
E)  The production of genetically distinct gametes during meiosis 
A)  The segregation of homologous chromosomes during gamete formation 
B)  The fusion of sister chromatids during fertilization 
C)  The fusion of haploid cells from a diploid zygote 
D)  The reduction in chromosome number during meiosis 
E)  The production of genetically distinct gametes during meiosis

Question 4

In all sexually reproducing organisms, the diploid phase of the life cycle begins at

Accepted Answer

A)  spore formation. 
B)  gamete formation. 
C)  meiosis. 
D)  mitosis. 
E)  fertilization. 
A)  spore formation. 
B)  gamete formation. 
C)  meiosis. 
D)  mitosis. 
E)  fertilization.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the mitotic spindle is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is composed of polar and kinetochore microtubules, both of which attach to chromosomes. 
B)  It is composed of actin and myosin microfilaments. 
C)  It is composed of kinetochores at the metaphase plate. 
D)  It is composed of microtubules, which help separate the chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell. 
E)  It originates only at the centrioles in the centrosomes. 
A)  It is composed of polar and kinetochore microtubules, both of which attach to chromosomes. 
B)  It is composed of actin and myosin microfilaments. 
C)  It is composed of kinetochores at the metaphase plate. 
D)  It is composed of microtubules, which help separate the chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell. 
E)  It originates only at the centrioles in the centrosomes.

Question 6

During mitosis and meiosis the chromatin compacts. Which of the following processes takes place more easily because of this compaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  The orderly distribution of genetic material to two new nuclei 
B)  The replication of the DNA 
C)  Exposing the genetic information on the DNA 
D)  The unwinding of DNA from around the histones 
E)  The disappearance of the nuclear membrane 
A)  The orderly distribution of genetic material to two new nuclei 
B)  The replication of the DNA 
C)  Exposing the genetic information on the DNA 
D)  The unwinding of DNA from around the histones 
E)  The disappearance of the nuclear membrane

Question 7

Many chromosome abnormalities (trisomies and monosomies) are not observed in the human population because

Accepted Answer

A)  they are lethal and cause spontaneous abortion of the embryo early in development. 
B)  all trisomies and monosomies are lethal early in childhood. 
C)  meiosis distributes chromosomes to daughter cells with great precision. 
D)  they are so difficult to count. 
E)  the human meiotic spindle is self-correcting. 
A)  they are lethal and cause spontaneous abortion of the embryo early in development. 
B)  all trisomies and monosomies are lethal early in childhood. 
C)  meiosis distributes chromosomes to daughter cells with great precision. 
D)  they are so difficult to count. 
E)  the human meiotic spindle is self-correcting.

Question 8

The chromatin _______ during prophase.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The chromatin _______ during prophase....

Question 9

Bacteria typically have _______, whereas eukaryotes have _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  one chromosome that is circular; many chromosomes that are linear 
B)  several chromosomes that are circular; many chromosomes that are linear 
C)  one chromosome that is linear; many chromosomes that are circular 
D)  two chromosomes that are circular; eight chromosomes that are linear 
E)  None of the above 
A)  one chromosome that is circular; many chromosomes that are linear 
B)  several chromosomes that are circular; many chromosomes that are linear 
C)  one chromosome that is linear; many chromosomes that are circular 
D)  two chromosomes that are circular; eight chromosomes that are linear 
E)  None of the above

Question 10

Interleukins and erythropoietin are

Accepted Answer

A)  growth factors. 
B)  Cdk's. 
C)  cyclins. 
D)  antitumor agents. 
E)  intracellular signaling molecules. 
A)  growth factors. 
B)  Cdk's. 
C)  cyclins. 
D)  antitumor agents. 
E)  intracellular signaling molecules.

Question 11

Which statement about eukaryotic chromosomes is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They sometimes consist of two chromatids. 
B)  They sometimes consist only of a single chromatid. 
C)  They normally possess a single centromere. 
D)  They consist only of proteins. 
E)  During metaphase they are visible under the light microscope. 
A)  They sometimes consist of two chromatids. 
B)  They sometimes consist only of a single chromatid. 
C)  They normally possess a single centromere. 
D)  They consist only of proteins. 
E)  During metaphase they are visible under the light microscope.

Question 12

Chromosomes "decondense" into diffuse chromatin

Accepted Answer

A)  at the end of telophase. 
B)  at the beginning of prophase. 
C)  at the end of interphase. 
D)  at the end of metaphase. 
E)  only in dying cells. 
A)  at the end of telophase. 
B)  at the beginning of prophase. 
C)  at the end of interphase. 
D)  at the end of metaphase. 
E)  only in dying cells.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about homologous chromosome pairs is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They come from only one of the individual's parents. 
B)  They usually contain slightly different versions of the same genetic information. 
C)  They separate from each other during meiosis I. 
D)  They synapse during meiosis I. 
E)  Each contains two sister chromatids at the beginning of meiosis I. 
A)  They come from only one of the individual's parents. 
B)  They usually contain slightly different versions of the same genetic information. 
C)  They separate from each other during meiosis I. 
D)  They synapse during meiosis I. 
E)  Each contains two sister chromatids at the beginning of meiosis I.

Question 14

A bacterial cell gives rise to two genetically identical daughter cells by a process known as

Accepted Answer

A)  nondisjunction. 
B)  mitosis. 
C)  meiosis. 
D)  fission. 
E)  fertilization. 
A)  nondisjunction. 
B)  mitosis. 
C)  meiosis. 
D)  fission. 
E)  fertilization.

Question 15

High-energy radiation is often used to treat cancer. The radiation kills the cancerous cells, and the cell cycle checkpoint for DNA repair is overwhelmed. Radiation

Accepted Answer

A)  causes apoptosis at the S and G2 checkpoints. 
B)  inhibits the growth factor at the restriction point. 
C)  blocks DNA replication. 
D)  only causes apoptosis at the tumor site. 
E)  kills all tumor cells without harm to healthy cells. 
A)  causes apoptosis at the S and G2 checkpoints. 
B)  inhibits the growth factor at the restriction point. 
C)  blocks DNA replication. 
D)  only causes apoptosis at the tumor site. 
E)  kills all tumor cells without harm to healthy cells.

Question 16

The products of mitosis are

Accepted Answer

A)  one nucleus containing twice as much DNA as the parent nucleus. 
B)  two genetically identical cells. 
C)  four nuclei containing half as much DNA as the parent nucleus. 
D)  four genetically identical nuclei. 
E)  two genetically identical nuclei. 
A)  one nucleus containing twice as much DNA as the parent nucleus. 
B)  two genetically identical cells. 
C)  four nuclei containing half as much DNA as the parent nucleus. 
D)  four genetically identical nuclei. 
E)  two genetically identical nuclei.

Question 17

Anaphase

Accepted Answer

A)  is the phase when sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles. 
B)  involves chromosomes lining up at the equatorial plate. 
C)  occurs before the nuclear envelope breaks down. 
D)  takes place just before cytokinesis. 
E)  Both a and c 
A)  is the phase when sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles. 
B)  involves chromosomes lining up at the equatorial plate. 
C)  occurs before the nuclear envelope breaks down. 
D)  takes place just before cytokinesis. 
E)  Both a and c

Question 18

A potato has a diploid number of 48. If an egg of this plant has 23 chromosomes, the most likely explanation is that

Accepted Answer

A)  normal meiosis has occurred. 
B)  nondisjunction occurred during meiosis I. 
C)  normal mitosis has occurred. 
D)  nondisjunction occurred during mitosis. 
E)  crossing over occurred during meiosis I. 
A)  normal meiosis has occurred. 
B)  nondisjunction occurred during meiosis I. 
C)  normal mitosis has occurred. 
D)  nondisjunction occurred during mitosis. 
E)  crossing over occurred during meiosis I.

Question 19

Bacteria have a short sequence called _______, where DNA synthesis begins.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bacteria have a short sequence called _______,...

Question 20

The distribution of mitochondria between the daughter cells during cytokinesis

Accepted Answer

A)  is random. 
B)  is directed by the mitotic spindle. 
C)  is directed by the centrioles. 
D)  results in the mitochondria remaining in the parent cell. 
E)  occurs only during meiosis. 
A)  is random. 
B)  is directed by the mitotic spindle. 
C)  is directed by the centrioles. 
D)  results in the mitochondria remaining in the parent cell. 
E)  occurs only during meiosis.

Exam 11: The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Which of the following statements about meiosis is true?

A typical cell cycle consists of

Which of the following is not part of sexual reproduction?

In all sexually reproducing organisms, the diploid phase of the life cycle begins at

Which of the following statements about the mitotic spindle is true?

During mitosis and meiosis the chromatin compacts. Which of the following processes takes place more easily because of this compaction?

Many chromosome abnormalities (trisomies and monosomies) are not observed in the human population because

The chromatin _______ during prophase.

Bacteria typically have _______, whereas eukaryotes have _______.

Interleukins and erythropoietin are

Which statement about eukaryotic chromosomes is not true?

Chromosomes "decondense" into diffuse chromatin

Which of the following statements about homologous chromosome pairs is false?

A bacterial cell gives rise to two genetically identical daughter cells by a process known as

High-energy radiation is often used to treat cancer. The radiation kills the cancerous cells, and the cell cycle checkpoint for DNA repair is overwhelmed. Radiation

The products of mitosis are

Anaphase

A potato has a diploid number of 48. If an egg of this plant has 23 chromosomes, the most likely explanation is that

Bacteria have a short sequence called _______, where DNA synthesis begins.

The distribution of mitochondria between the daughter cells during cytokinesis

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

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Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

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Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

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Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

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