Question 1

All of these are typically a component of a flashbulb memory except for

Accepted Answer

A) what you were doing at the time. 
B) what you were wearing that day. 
C) what you did next. 
D) how you felt when you heard. 
A) what you were doing at the time. 
B) what you were wearing that day. 
C) what you did next. 
D) how you felt when you heard.

Question 2

What is considered to be the major source of memory distortions for all episodic memories?

Accepted Answer

A) Source confusion 
B) TV priority 
C) False flashbulbs 
D) Emotion 
A) Source confusion 
B) TV priority 
C) False flashbulbs 
D) Emotion

Question 3

People often tout the power of smells as cues for autobiographical memories.How does empirical research stack up on this issue?

Accepted Answer

A) Olfactory cues produce more detailed memories than do nonolfactory cues. 
B) Olfactory cues produce more recent memories than do nonolfactory cues. 
C) Olfactory cues produce more vivid memories than do nonolfactory cues. 
D) Olfactory cues tend to produce flashbulb memories. 
A) Olfactory cues produce more detailed memories than do nonolfactory cues. 
B) Olfactory cues produce more recent memories than do nonolfactory cues. 
C) Olfactory cues produce more vivid memories than do nonolfactory cues. 
D) Olfactory cues tend to produce flashbulb memories.

Question 4

The "general events" level of representation in autobiographical memory bears a strong resemblance to

Accepted Answer

A) the subordinate level of category representation. 
B) the superordinate level of category representation. 
C) the basic level of category representation. 
D) the notion of an exemplar in category representation. 
A) the subordinate level of category representation. 
B) the superordinate level of category representation. 
C) the basic level of category representation. 
D) the notion of an exemplar in category representation.

Question 5

According to the self-memory system view,what characterizes lifetime periods?

Accepted Answer

A) Specific goals 
B) General events 
C) Complex memories 
D) Events grouped thematically 
A) Specific goals 
B) General events 
C) Complex memories 
D) Events grouped thematically

Question 6

The Proust phenomenon is

Accepted Answer

A) the power of odors to elicit memories that are especially old and vivid. 
B) the ability of odors to generate more detailed memories. 
C) using olfactory odors to generate autobiographical facts. 
D) the ability of odors to generate very early memories in life. 
A) the power of odors to elicit memories that are especially old and vivid. 
B) the ability of odors to generate more detailed memories. 
C) using olfactory odors to generate autobiographical facts. 
D) the ability of odors to generate very early memories in life.

Question 7

You interview your 74-year-old grandmother about the events in her life.Based on what you know about the autobiographical retention function,which of these would surprise you?

Accepted Answer

A) She remembers very little from when she was a toddler. 
B) She remembers a great deal from the last few years. 
C) She doesn't remember much from her early adulthood. 
D) Her infant years are a complete blank. 
A) She remembers very little from when she was a toddler. 
B) She remembers a great deal from the last few years. 
C) She doesn't remember much from her early adulthood. 
D) Her infant years are a complete blank.

Question 8

Involuntary memories tend to be _____ and

Accepted Answer

A) general;retrieved slowly. 
B) general;retrieved quickly. 
C) specific;retrieved slowly. 
D) specific;retrieved quickly. 
A) general;retrieved slowly. 
B) general;retrieved quickly. 
C) specific;retrieved slowly. 
D) specific;retrieved quickly.

Question 9

Marian and Neisser (2000)conducted a study in which Russian immigrants to the United States were given Russian or English cue words for autobiographical memories.The results of this study provided a conceptual replication of this classic memory phenomenon in the context of autobiographical memory:

Accepted Answer

A) levels of processing effect. 
B) the beneficial effect of organization on memory. 
C) encoding specificity. 
D) a dissociation between implicit and explicit memory. 
A) levels of processing effect. 
B) the beneficial effect of organization on memory. 
C) encoding specificity. 
D) a dissociation between implicit and explicit memory.

Question 10

You and your friend Dani go on some adventure vacation every summer.She is trying to get you to remember an episode when you went to Maine.What of the following will serve as the best cue for memory retrieval?

Accepted Answer

A) Do you remember what happened on July 11,2007? 
B) Do you remember what happened when we went rock climbing? 
C) Do you remember the vacation we took at Acadia National Park? 
D) Do you remember when we went on vacation together? 
A) Do you remember what happened on July 11,2007? 
B) Do you remember what happened when we went rock climbing? 
C) Do you remember the vacation we took at Acadia National Park? 
D) Do you remember when we went on vacation together?

Question 11

Which is not a characteristic of autobiographical memory?

Accepted Answer

A) Rarely forgotten 
B) A sense of reliving 
C) Represented temporally 
D) Visual forms 
A) Rarely forgotten 
B) A sense of reliving 
C) Represented temporally 
D) Visual forms

Question 12

Casasanto and Dijkstra (2010)had participants recall autobiographical memories while moving marbles in an upward or downward direction.They found that

Accepted Answer

A) when moving marbles upward,participants were more likely to recall relatively positive memories;when moving them downward,they were more likely to recall relatively negative memories. 
B) when moving marbles upward,participants were more likely to recall relatively negative memories;when moving them downward,they were more likely to recall relatively positive memories. 
C) when moving marbles upward,participants were more likely to recall relatively recent memories;when moving them downward,they were more likely to recall relatively remote memories. 
D) when moving marbles upward,participants were more likely to recall relatively remote memories;when moving them downward,they were more likely to recall relatively recent memories. 
A) when moving marbles upward,participants were more likely to recall relatively positive memories;when moving them downward,they were more likely to recall relatively negative memories. 
B) when moving marbles upward,participants were more likely to recall relatively negative memories;when moving them downward,they were more likely to recall relatively positive memories. 
C) when moving marbles upward,participants were more likely to recall relatively recent memories;when moving them downward,they were more likely to recall relatively remote memories. 
D) when moving marbles upward,participants were more likely to recall relatively remote memories;when moving them downward,they were more likely to recall relatively recent memories.

Question 13

Currently,flashbulb memories seem to be explained by

Accepted Answer

A) encoding specificity. 
B) special memory mechanisms due to the emotion involved. 
C) the "Now Print!" theory. 
D) the intensification of basic memory mechanisms by emotion. 
A) encoding specificity. 
B) special memory mechanisms due to the emotion involved. 
C) the "Now Print!" theory. 
D) the intensification of basic memory mechanisms by emotion.

Question 14

What conclusions can be drawn about the accuracy of flashbulb memories?

Accepted Answer

A) Flashbulb memories are significantly more accurate than normal memories. 
B) Subjects consistently misremember the source of the flashbulb memory,but not the emotion they were feeling. 
C) The longer the retention interval,the more distortions there appear to be. 
D) Flashbulb memories show exactly the same kind of distortions that normal memories do. 
A) Flashbulb memories are significantly more accurate than normal memories. 
B) Subjects consistently misremember the source of the flashbulb memory,but not the emotion they were feeling. 
C) The longer the retention interval,the more distortions there appear to be. 
D) Flashbulb memories show exactly the same kind of distortions that normal memories do.

Question 15

Traditional memory research tends to be more focused on the _____ of memory and less focused on ____,while the opposite is true of autobiographical memory research.

Accepted Answer

A) completeness;accuracy 
B) accuracy;subjective experience 
C) phenomenological qualities;content 
D) subjective experience;completeness 
A) completeness;accuracy 
B) accuracy;subjective experience 
C) phenomenological qualities;content 
D) subjective experience;completeness

Question 16

To help someone remember standing in line,what would be most effective?

Accepted Answer

A) Standing up 
B) Talking about lines 
C) Sitting down 
D) Talking about other topics 
A) Standing up 
B) Talking about lines 
C) Sitting down 
D) Talking about other topics

Question 17

Which of these autobiographical memory research techniques allows a researcher to plot the autobiographical retention function?

Accepted Answer

A) Cue-word technique 
B) Targeted event recall 
C) Diary technique 
D) Flashbulb memories 
A) Cue-word technique 
B) Targeted event recall 
C) Diary technique 
D) Flashbulb memories

Question 18

The third component of the autobiographical memory retention function is the forgetting portion.All of the following are a possible explanation for this component of the function except

Accepted Answer

A) lack of rehearsal. 
B) interference. 
C) neurological aging processes. 
D) transitioning from autobiographical memories to autobiographical facts. 
A) lack of rehearsal. 
B) interference. 
C) neurological aging processes. 
D) transitioning from autobiographical memories to autobiographical facts.

Question 19

If a friend of yours is trying to get you to remember some funny event that happened when you were out together,which of these questions will be most effective in helping you retrieve the memory?

Accepted Answer

A) Do you remember August 7? 
B) Do you remember that time we were with Emily? 
C) Do you remember that time at the coffee shop? 
D) Do you remember that time we went antiquing in Stillwater? 
A) Do you remember August 7? 
B) Do you remember that time we were with Emily? 
C) Do you remember that time at the coffee shop? 
D) Do you remember that time we went antiquing in Stillwater?

Question 20

When recalling an autobiographical memory,Conway's self-memory systems says that

Accepted Answer

A) we access sensory-perceptual details at the level of lifetime periods. 
B) we reconstruct the event starting from event-specific knowledge,then general events,and finally lifetime periods. 
C) we reconstruct the event starting from lifetime periods,then general events,and finally access event-specific knowledge. 
D) retrieval of autobiographical memories is fast and accurate. 
A) we access sensory-perceptual details at the level of lifetime periods. 
B) we reconstruct the event starting from event-specific knowledge,then general events,and finally lifetime periods. 
C) we reconstruct the event starting from lifetime periods,then general events,and finally access event-specific knowledge. 
D) retrieval of autobiographical memories is fast and accurate.

All of these are typically a component of a flashbulb memory except for

What is considered to be the major source of memory distortions for all episodic memories?

People often tout the power of smells as cues for autobiographical memories.How does empirical research stack up on this issue?

The "general events" level of representation in autobiographical memory bears a strong resemblance to

According to the self-memory system view,what characterizes lifetime periods?

The Proust phenomenon is

You interview your 74-year-old grandmother about the events in her life.Based on what you know about the autobiographical retention function,which of these would surprise you?

Involuntary memories tend to be _____ and

Marian and Neisser (2000)conducted a study in which Russian immigrants to the United States were given Russian or English cue words for autobiographical memories.The results of this study provided a conceptual replication of this classic memory phenomenon in the context of autobiographical memory:

You and your friend Dani go on some adventure vacation every summer.She is trying to get you to remember an episode when you went to Maine.What of the following will serve as the best cue for memory retrieval?

Which is not a characteristic of autobiographical memory?

Casasanto and Dijkstra (2010)had participants recall autobiographical memories while moving marbles in an upward or downward direction.They found that

Currently,flashbulb memories seem to be explained by

What conclusions can be drawn about the accuracy of flashbulb memories?

Traditional memory research tends to be more focused on the _ of memory and less focused on ,while the opposite is true of autobiographical memory research.

To help someone remember standing in line,what would be most effective?

Which of these autobiographical memory research techniques allows a researcher to plot the autobiographical retention function?

The third component of the autobiographical memory retention function is the forgetting portion.All of the following are a possible explanation for this component of the function except

If a friend of yours is trying to get you to remember some funny event that happened when you were out together,which of these questions will be most effective in helping you retrieve the memory?

When recalling an autobiographical memory,Conway's self-memory systems says that

Cognition As the Study of Information Processing

Perception and Consciousness

Mechanisms of Attention

Immediate Memory

Concepts and Categories of Object Recognition

Basic Processes in Long-Term Memory

The Reconstructive Nature of Memory

Basic Issues in Languageand Speech Processing

Reading and Comprehending Text

Judgments and Decisions

Problem Solving

Filters

Exam 8: Autobiographical Memory

All of these are typically a component of a flashbulb memory except for

What is considered to be the major source of memory distortions for all episodic memories?

People often tout the power of smells as cues for autobiographical memories.How does empirical research stack up on this issue?

The "general events" level of representation in autobiographical memory bears a strong resemblance to

According to the self-memory system view,what characterizes lifetime periods?

The Proust phenomenon is

You interview your 74-year-old grandmother about the events in her life.Based on what you know about the autobiographical retention function,which of these would surprise you?

Involuntary memories tend to be _____ and

Marian and Neisser (2000)conducted a study in which Russian immigrants to the United States were given Russian or English cue words for autobiographical memories.The results of this study provided a conceptual replication of this classic memory phenomenon in the context of autobiographical memory:

You and your friend Dani go on some adventure vacation every summer.She is trying to get you to remember an episode when you went to Maine.What of the following will serve as the best cue for memory retrieval?

Which is not a characteristic of autobiographical memory?

Casasanto and Dijkstra (2010)had participants recall autobiographical memories while moving marbles in an upward or downward direction.They found that

Currently,flashbulb memories seem to be explained by

What conclusions can be drawn about the accuracy of flashbulb memories?

Traditional memory research tends to be more focused on the _____ of memory and less focused on ____,while the opposite is true of autobiographical memory research.

To help someone remember standing in line,what would be most effective?

Which of these autobiographical memory research techniques allows a researcher to plot the autobiographical retention function?

The third component of the autobiographical memory retention function is the forgetting portion.All of the following are a possible explanation for this component of the function except

If a friend of yours is trying to get you to remember some funny event that happened when you were out together,which of these questions will be most effective in helping you retrieve the memory?

When recalling an autobiographical memory,Conway's self-memory systems says that

Cognition As the Study of Information Processing

Perception and Consciousness

Mechanisms of Attention

Immediate Memory

Concepts and Categories of Object Recognition

Basic Processes in Long-Term Memory

The Reconstructive Nature of Memory

Basic Issues in Languageand Speech Processing

Reading and Comprehending Text

Judgments and Decisions

Problem Solving

Filters

Traditional memory research tends to be more focused on the _ of memory and less focused on ,while the opposite is true of autobiographical memory research.