Exam 7: The Reconstructive Nature of Memory

According to the Innocence Project,eyewitness misidentification plays a key role in ___ of the cases of wrongful conviction in which DNA evidence later led to exoneration.

What is true about autobiographical memory?

Prior to retrieval,_________ is all that exists for a memory.

A good deal of eyewitness identification research suggests that ________ lineups are preferable because they encourage participants to engage in a ________ strategy when making their identification.

Joe witnesses a hit-and-run accident.He tells the police that the hit-and-run driver was in a red car.It was later determined that the car was actually blue.Joe remembered it as being red because he thinks that people who drive red cars tend to be reckless.This is an example of the memory sin of

High levels of stress enhance the function of the brain's _____ but tend to disrupt the functioning of the _____.This pattern may lead to some of the characteristics associated with repressed then recovered memories.

Research on race and facial identification

Jill is trying to remember whether she turned off the coffeepot this morning before she left for class.She is having trouble determining whether the memory she has of turning off the coffeepot is from this morning or from yesterday morning.She is engaging in the process of

Marcia was a witness to a crime.At the police station,she looked through many books of mugshots,hoping to identify the criminal.Two weeks later,the police asked her to come in and look at a lineup of criminals.Although the actual criminal was not in the lineup,Marcia identified one of the people in the lineup as the man she saw commit the crime.Marcia was probably influenced by

Roediger and McDermott's (1995)investigation of illusory memories

All of the following statements about the misinformation effect are true except

A study by Principe,Kanaya,Ceci and Singh (2006)examined the effect of rumors on false memories in preschoolers.After hearing a rumor about how a rabbit had escaped from a magician,

Garry and Wade (2005)compared the effects of photos and narratives in producing false memories and found that

Philisha is very confident the suspect committed the crime.She observed the crime from a location in which the culprit was unable to see her,and she saw the culprit for five minutes.The crime took place in a well-lit area.The police used the cognitive interview to question her about the crime,and she identified the suspect in a sequential lineup.Given this information,the jury

Memory distortion research has been applied to achieve which positive end?

In a classic study by Loftus,Miller,and Burns (1978),subjects viewed slides depicting a car accident at a stop sign.Then half of the subjects were asked about a yield sign,and half were asked about a stop sign.The results indicated that

In constructing a lineup,if non-witnesses consistently identify one person as the criminal,even though they never witnessed the crime,there is a problem with

In their "lost in a shopping mall" study,Loftus and Pickrell (1995)

Sins of omission are to sins of commission as ________ is to

Anne and Sally go out to eat every Friday.One Friday,Sally refers to a server who spilled water on the table a few weeks ago.Anne has no memory of this happening and quickly dismisses Sally's claim.But later,when Anne asked about the restaurant,she says,"The food is good,but some of the servers are kind of clumsy." This is an example of