Question 1

Which of these is an example of a magician's manipulation of attention,from the top-down?

Accepted Answer

A) Using a big move to cover a small move 
B) Engaging a participant in an attention-demanding activity,like memorizing the card they just picked 
C) Having a sudden event occur,such as the appearance of a bird 
D) Saying "Abracadabra" before the critical moment 
A) Using a big move to cover a small move 
B) Engaging a participant in an attention-demanding activity,like memorizing the card they just picked 
C) Having a sudden event occur,such as the appearance of a bird 
D) Saying "Abracadabra" before the critical moment

Question 2

Groeger (1999)provided a framework for considering the possible effects of adding an additional task to driving performance.Dealing with an unexpected detour due to an accident would invoke which level of performance?

Accepted Answer

A) Operational 
B) Tactical 
C) Strategic 
D) Maneuvering 
A) Operational 
B) Tactical 
C) Strategic 
D) Maneuvering

Question 3

Which of these applied problems served as an early inspiration for attention researchers?

Accepted Answer

A) The invention of television 
B) The information overload problems of World War II pilots 
C) The invention of the computer 
D) The early development of cellular telephones 
A) The invention of television 
B) The information overload problems of World War II pilots 
C) The invention of the computer 
D) The early development of cellular telephones

Question 4

Looking for Trix in the context of Lucky Charms,Sugar Smacks,and Froot Loops would be an example of _____,and would be ______ than looking for Apple Jacks in the context of these cereals.

Accepted Answer

A) feature search;easier 
B) feature search;more difficult 
C) conjunction search;easier 
D) conjunction search;more difficult 
A) feature search;easier 
B) feature search;more difficult 
C) conjunction search;easier 
D) conjunction search;more difficult

Question 5

Which theory of attention posits that selection occurs after all incoming stimuli have been identified?

Accepted Answer

A) Attenuation theory 
B) Late selection theory 
C) Early selection theory 
D) All theories of attention make this assumption. 
A) Attenuation theory 
B) Late selection theory 
C) Early selection theory 
D) All theories of attention make this assumption.

Question 6

The steady increase in reaction time that occurs when enumerating items in a visual display

Accepted Answer

A) indicates post-attentive processing is involved. 
B) indicates pre-attentive processing is involved. 
C) is indicative of subtilizing. 
D) indicates that there is no difference between pre-attentive and post-attentive processing. 
A) indicates post-attentive processing is involved. 
B) indicates pre-attentive processing is involved. 
C) is indicative of subtilizing. 
D) indicates that there is no difference between pre-attentive and post-attentive processing.

Question 7

Feature search is to _____ as conjunction search is to

Accepted Answer

A) post-attentive;pre-attentive. 
B) affected by display size;unaffected by display size. 
C) feature integration;pop-out. 
D) subitizing;enumeration. 
A) post-attentive;pre-attentive. 
B) affected by display size;unaffected by display size. 
C) feature integration;pop-out. 
D) subitizing;enumeration.

Question 8

The findings of a study by Drews,Yazdani,Godfrey,Cooper,and Strayer (2009)indicate that texting while driving

Accepted Answer

A) leads to shorter braking onsets. 
B) a shorter average following distance. 
C) more variability in following distance. 
D) a lowered tendency to inadvertently change lanes. 
A) leads to shorter braking onsets. 
B) a shorter average following distance. 
C) more variability in following distance. 
D) a lowered tendency to inadvertently change lanes.

Question 9

Evidence indicates that ________ is a stimulus characteristic that invokes pre-attentive detection.

Accepted Answer

A) shape 
B) brightness 
C) loudness 
D) color 
A) shape 
B) brightness 
C) loudness 
D) color

Question 10

Jujuan is listening to his professor's lecture when,all of a sudden,he notices a bee hovering near the student directly in front of him.Being deathly afraid of bees,Jujuan now attentionally follows the bee all over the room. Jujuan has shifted from

Accepted Answer

A) stimulus-driven to goal-driven attention. 
B) pre-attentive to post-attentive processing. 
C) space-based to object-based attention. 
D) subitizing to enumeration. 
A) stimulus-driven to goal-driven attention. 
B) pre-attentive to post-attentive processing. 
C) space-based to object-based attention. 
D) subitizing to enumeration.

Question 11

The time that lapses between the presentation of two stimuli is called

Accepted Answer

A) stimulus onset asynchrony. 
B) simple reaction time. 
C) psychological refractory period. 
D) psychological reaction time. 
A) stimulus onset asynchrony. 
B) simple reaction time. 
C) psychological refractory period. 
D) psychological reaction time.

Question 12

You set out from your living room to go down to the basement to get something.When you get to the basement,you forget what you have walked down there to get.What kind of action slip is this?

Accepted Answer

A) Description error 
B) Associative activation error 
C) Capture error 
D) Loss of activation error 
A) Description error 
B) Associative activation error 
C) Capture error 
D) Loss of activation error

Question 13

LaBerge (1983)presented visual displays in which participants attended to five locations spaced evenly across a visual display.He found that on critical trials,RT to a target was fastest for ______,supporting

Accepted Answer

A) items in the middle of the display;spotlight models of attention. 
B) items in the middle of the display;the role of bottom-up processing in attention. 
C) items in the periphery of the display;spotlight models of attention. 
A) items in the middle of the display;spotlight models of attention. 
B) items in the middle of the display;the role of bottom-up processing in attention. 
C) items in the periphery of the display;spotlight models of attention.

Question 14

Greg always drinks iced tea with lemon,and he always puts one packet of Splenda in it.One late night at Denny's,he orders another type of "brown beverage"-a Diet Coke.The server delivers it,complete with a lemon wedge.Greg grabs a packet of Splenda and dumps it in the Diet Coke.This action slip would be classified as a

Accepted Answer

A) loss of activation error. 
B) data-driven error. 
C) capture error. 
D) description error. 
A) loss of activation error. 
B) data-driven error. 
C) capture error. 
D) description error.

Question 15

According to an early selection filter theory,if you have an intense phone conversation while a movie is playing on TV,your knowledge of the movie will consist of

Accepted Answer

A) the physical characteristics of the actor's voices (i.e. ,if they were women or men). 
B) complete semantic knowledge. 
C) limited semantic knowledge-enough to have a limited idea of the movie's plot. 
D) nothing,as you will not be aware at all of the TV. 
A) the physical characteristics of the actor's voices (i.e. ,if they were women or men). 
B) complete semantic knowledge. 
C) limited semantic knowledge-enough to have a limited idea of the movie's plot. 
D) nothing,as you will not be aware at all of the TV.

Question 16

The active mode of attention might also be called

Accepted Answer

A) bottom-up. 
B) goal-driven. 
C) stimulus-driven. 
D) pre-attentive. 
A) bottom-up. 
B) goal-driven. 
C) stimulus-driven. 
D) pre-attentive.

Question 17

Bottleneck theories of attention

Accepted Answer

A) propose that there is no such thing as dual-task interference. 
B) propose that dual-task interference will be more acute with longer SOAs. 
C) processing of two tasks occurs completely in parallel. 
D) fail to account for findings from the PRP paradigm. 
A) propose that there is no such thing as dual-task interference. 
B) propose that dual-task interference will be more acute with longer SOAs. 
C) processing of two tasks occurs completely in parallel. 
D) fail to account for findings from the PRP paradigm.

Question 18

Which of the following is not one of the basic characteristics of attention?

Accepted Answer

A) Limited 
B) Auditory 
C) Flexible 
D) Voluntary control 
A) Limited 
B) Auditory 
C) Flexible 
D) Voluntary control

Question 19

The attentional blink is indicated by

Accepted Answer

A) decreased RT to a second target stimulus,the sooner it occurs after an initial target stimulus. 
B) decreased RT to a first target stimulus because participants expect it to be followed by a second target. 
C) increased RT to a second target stimulus,the sooner it occurs after an initial target stimulus. 
D) increased RT to a first target stimulus because participants expect it to be followed by a second target. 
A) decreased RT to a second target stimulus,the sooner it occurs after an initial target stimulus. 
B) decreased RT to a first target stimulus because participants expect it to be followed by a second target. 
C) increased RT to a second target stimulus,the sooner it occurs after an initial target stimulus. 
D) increased RT to a first target stimulus because participants expect it to be followed by a second target.

Question 20

Which of these describes the Stroop Effect?

Accepted Answer

A) Naming colors is more difficult than naming other everyday concepts. 
B) Reading the names of colors is especially difficult if the ink color matches the name of the color. 
C) Reading the names of colors is especially difficult if the ink color conflicts with the name of the color. 
D) Naming a color in which a word is printed is especially difficult if the color conflicts with the color name. 
A) Naming colors is more difficult than naming other everyday concepts. 
B) Reading the names of colors is especially difficult if the ink color matches the name of the color. 
C) Reading the names of colors is especially difficult if the ink color conflicts with the name of the color. 
D) Naming a color in which a word is printed is especially difficult if the color conflicts with the color name.

Which of these is an example of a magician's manipulation of attention,from the top-down?

Groeger (1999)provided a framework for considering the possible effects of adding an additional task to driving performance.Dealing with an unexpected detour due to an accident would invoke which level of performance?

Which of these applied problems served as an early inspiration for attention researchers?

Looking for Trix in the context of Lucky Charms,Sugar Smacks,and Froot Loops would be an example of _,and would be __ than looking for Apple Jacks in the context of these cereals.

Which theory of attention posits that selection occurs after all incoming stimuli have been identified?

The steady increase in reaction time that occurs when enumerating items in a visual display

Feature search is to _____ as conjunction search is to

The findings of a study by Drews,Yazdani,Godfrey,Cooper,and Strayer (2009)indicate that texting while driving

Evidence indicates that ________ is a stimulus characteristic that invokes pre-attentive detection.

Jujuan is listening to his professor's lecture when,all of a sudden,he notices a bee hovering near the student directly in front of him.Being deathly afraid of bees,Jujuan now attentionally follows the bee all over the room. Jujuan has shifted from

The time that lapses between the presentation of two stimuli is called

You set out from your living room to go down to the basement to get something.When you get to the basement,you forget what you have walked down there to get.What kind of action slip is this?

LaBerge (1983)presented visual displays in which participants attended to five locations spaced evenly across a visual display.He found that on critical trials,RT to a target was fastest for ______,supporting

According to an early selection filter theory,if you have an intense phone conversation while a movie is playing on TV,your knowledge of the movie will consist of

The active mode of attention might also be called

Bottleneck theories of attention

Which of the following is not one of the basic characteristics of attention?

The attentional blink is indicated by

Which of these describes the Stroop Effect?

Cognition As the Study of Information Processing

Perception and Consciousness

Immediate Memory

Concepts and Categories of Object Recognition

Basic Processes in Long-Term Memory

The Reconstructive Nature of Memory

Autobiographical Memory

Basic Issues in Languageand Speech Processing

Reading and Comprehending Text

Judgments and Decisions

Problem Solving

Filters

Exam 3: Mechanisms of Attention

Which of these is an example of a magician's manipulation of attention,from the top-down?

Groeger (1999)provided a framework for considering the possible effects of adding an additional task to driving performance.Dealing with an unexpected detour due to an accident would invoke which level of performance?

Which of these applied problems served as an early inspiration for attention researchers?

Looking for Trix in the context of Lucky Charms,Sugar Smacks,and Froot Loops would be an example of _____,and would be ______ than looking for Apple Jacks in the context of these cereals.

Which theory of attention posits that selection occurs after all incoming stimuli have been identified?

The steady increase in reaction time that occurs when enumerating items in a visual display

Feature search is to _____ as conjunction search is to

The findings of a study by Drews,Yazdani,Godfrey,Cooper,and Strayer (2009)indicate that texting while driving

Evidence indicates that ________ is a stimulus characteristic that invokes pre-attentive detection.

Jujuan is listening to his professor's lecture when,all of a sudden,he notices a bee hovering near the student directly in front of him.Being deathly afraid of bees,Jujuan now attentionally follows the bee all over the room. Jujuan has shifted from

The time that lapses between the presentation of two stimuli is called

You set out from your living room to go down to the basement to get something.When you get to the basement,you forget what you have walked down there to get.What kind of action slip is this?

LaBerge (1983)presented visual displays in which participants attended to five locations spaced evenly across a visual display.He found that on critical trials,RT to a target was fastest for ______,supporting

According to an early selection filter theory,if you have an intense phone conversation while a movie is playing on TV,your knowledge of the movie will consist of

The active mode of attention might also be called

Bottleneck theories of attention

Which of the following is not one of the basic characteristics of attention?

The attentional blink is indicated by

Which of these describes the Stroop Effect?

Cognition As the Study of Information Processing

Perception and Consciousness

Immediate Memory

Concepts and Categories of Object Recognition

Basic Processes in Long-Term Memory

The Reconstructive Nature of Memory

Autobiographical Memory

Basic Issues in Languageand Speech Processing

Reading and Comprehending Text

Judgments and Decisions

Problem Solving

Filters

Looking for Trix in the context of Lucky Charms,Sugar Smacks,and Froot Loops would be an example of _,and would be __ than looking for Apple Jacks in the context of these cereals.