Exam 20: Dna Tools and Biotechnology

In DNA technology, the term vector can refer to

Which of the following information or processes does gene therapy require?

Why might using retroviral vectors for gene therapy increase the patient's risk of developing cancer?

Which of the following statements correctly describes one characteristic of genetically engineered plants?

Why is sequencing an entire genome, such as that of C. elegans, a nematode, important for genetic research?

In a comparison of two DNA sequences found in the same location on homologous chromosomes, one of the homologues carries the sequence 5′-AACTACGA-3′, and the other homologue carries the sequence 5′-AACTTCGA-3′. Within a population, you discover that each of these sequences is common. Which of the following statements correctly describes theses sequences?

A paleontologist has recovered a bit of tissue from the 400-year-old preserved skin of an extinct dodo (a bird). To compare a specific region of the DNA from a sample with DNA from living birds, which of the following would be most useful for increasing the amount of dodo DNA available for testing?

What information is critical to the success of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) itself?

The final step in a Sanger DNA sequencing reaction is to run the DNA fragments on a gel. What purpose does this serve?

RNAi methodology uses double-stranded pieces of RNA to trigger breakdown of a specific mRNA or inhibit its translation. For which of the following processes might this technique be useful?

One predicted aspect of climate change is that climates, including precipitation and temperature, over most of Earth will become more variable. Which of the following is a good strategy for genetically engineering crops if this is true?

Suppose that a researcher is successful at producing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) for replacement of pancreatic insulin-producing cells for people with type 1 diabetes. Which of the following could still pose problems for this individual? I. the possibility that, once introduced into the patient, the iPS cells produce non-pancreatic cells II. the failure of the iPS cells to take up residence in the pancreas III. the inability of the iPS cells to respond to appropriate regulatory signals

Why are yeast cells frequently used as hosts for cloning?

Scientists developed a set of guidelines to address the safety of DNA technology. Which of the following safety measures is one that has been adopted by researchers?

Which of the following processes uses labelled probes to visualise the expression of genes in whole tissues and organisms?

Which of the following sequences in double-stranded DNA is most likely to be recognised as a cutting site for a restriction enzyme?

Plants are more readily manipulated by genetic engineering than are animals because

Which of the following problems with animal cloning might result in premature death of the clones?

How can a gene that contains introns be made shorter (but remain functional) for genetic engineering purposes?

In the form of gene therapy used successfully for severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome, SCID-X1, how is the genetic engineering of human cells achieved?