Question 1

Why does a new DNA strand elongate only in the 5' to 3' direction during DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA polymerase begins adding nucleotides at the 5' end of the template. 
B)  The polarity of the DNA molecule prevents addition of nucleotides at the 3' end. 
C)  Replication must progress toward the replication fork. 
D)  DNA polymerase can add nucleotides only to the free 3' end. 
A)  DNA polymerase begins adding nucleotides at the 5' end of the template. 
B)  The polarity of the DNA molecule prevents addition of nucleotides at the 3' end. 
C)  Replication must progress toward the replication fork. 
D)  DNA polymerase can add nucleotides only to the free 3' end.

Question 2

Which of the following facts did Hershey and Chase (1952) make use of in trying to determine whether DNA or protein is the genetic material?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA contains sulphur, whereas protein does not. 
B)  DNA contains phosphorus, whereas protein does not. 
C)  DNA contains nitrogen, whereas protein does not. 
D)  DNA contains purines, whereas protein includes pyrimidines. 
A)  DNA contains sulphur, whereas protein does not. 
B)  DNA contains phosphorus, whereas protein does not. 
C)  DNA contains nitrogen, whereas protein does not. 
D)  DNA contains purines, whereas protein includes pyrimidines.

Question 3

Researchers found a strain of E. coli bacteria that had mutation rates one hundred times higher than normal. Which of the following statements correctly describes the most likely cause of these results?

Accepted Answer

A)  The single-strand binding proteins were malfunctioning during DNA replication. 
B)  There were one or more base pair mismatches in the RNA primer. 
C)  The proofreading mechanism of DNA polymerase was not working properly. 
D)  The DNA polymerase was unable to add bases to the 3′ end of the growing nucleic acid chain. 
A)  The single-strand binding proteins were malfunctioning during DNA replication. 
B)  There were one or more base pair mismatches in the RNA primer. 
C)  The proofreading mechanism of DNA polymerase was not working properly. 
D)  The DNA polymerase was unable to add bases to the 3′ end of the growing nucleic acid chain.

Question 4

Which of the following statements describes the process of transformation in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  A strand of DNA is created from an RNA molecule. 
B)  A strand of RNA is created from a DNA molecule. 
C)  Bacterial cells are infected by a phage DNA molecule. 
D)  External DNA is taken into a cell, becoming part of the cell's genome. 
A)  A strand of DNA is created from an RNA molecule. 
B)  A strand of RNA is created from a DNA molecule. 
C)  Bacterial cells are infected by a phage DNA molecule. 
D)  External DNA is taken into a cell, becoming part of the cell's genome.

Question 5

At a specific area of a chromosome, the sequence of nucleotides below is present where the chain opens to form a replication fork:
3' C C T A G G C T G C A A T C C 5'
An RNA primer is formed starting at the underlined T (T) of the template. Which of the following represents the primer sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  5' G C C T A G G 3' 
B)  5' A C G T T A G G 3' 
C)  5' A C G U U A G G 3' 
D)  5' G C C U A G G 3' 
A)  5' G C C T A G G 3' 
B)  5' A C G T T A G G 3' 
C)  5' A C G U U A G G 3' 
D)  5' G C C U A G G 3'

Exam 16: The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Why does a new DNA strand elongate only in the 5' to 3' direction during DNA replication?

Which of the following facts did Hershey and Chase (1952) make use of in trying to determine whether DNA or protein is the genetic material?

Researchers found a strain of E. coli bacteria that had mutation rates one hundred times higher than normal. Which of the following statements correctly describes the most likely cause of these results?

Which of the following statements describes the process of transformation in bacteria?

At a specific area of a chromosome, the sequence of nucleotides below is present where the chain opens to form a replication fork: 3' C C T A G G C T G C A A T C C 5' An RNA primer is formed starting at the underlined T (T) of the template. Which of the following represents the primer sequence?

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonised Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

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