Exam 6: The First Two Years: Cognitive Development

Maizey, Jon, and Chantel are 8-month-old infants. Maizey is from Germany; Jon is from Taiwan, and Chantel is from the United States. The sequence of language development for these babies will be ______.

Baby Mariska is participating in a research study to determine whether she can detect the difference between two amounts: a circle containing two dots versus a circle with no dots inside. The researcher shows her the empty circle repeatedly until she looks away while it is on the screen. Then the researcher shows her the circle with two dots in it, and records how long Mariska stares at it. What research method is being used?

The behavior of an infant in sensorimotor stage four might best be described as _____.

The term holophrase is used to denote _____.

Identify two ways in which memories are particularly evident in young babies. According to Carolyn Rovee-Collier, under what circumstances can 3-month-olds remember a behavior after two weeks?

James uses the word "more" to mean "I want another cookie." In this case, "more" is a(n) _____.

Reading to infants has no impact on language learning, since babies do not yet understand the words being read to them.

One way to test infants' awareness of sudden drop-offs between one horizontal surface and another is to use the _____ cliff.

By 8 months of age, infants have an understanding of object permanence.

The usual order of the development of spoken language in an infant is _____.

Geoff has begun uttering one-word holophrases (e.g., "Dada!"). About how old is Geoff likely to be?

In which of Piaget's sensorimotor stages do infants respond to people and objects and seek to make interesting events last?

A single-word utterance that expresses a complete thought is called a(n) "_____.

According to the sociocultural perspective, what is the focus of early communication for infants younger than 12 months?

Stage _____ of sensorimotor development is characterized by trying to continue an experience, whereas stage _____ is characterized by initiating and anticipating events.

An infant's repetition of syllables such as "ba-ba" is called "_____."

Piaget called an infant's first period of cognitive development "_____."

Define object permanence and when it begins. Describe how it is measured in laboratory settings and how it can be revealed in informal settings.

"Language acquisition device" is a term Chomsky used to refer to the infant's inborn ability to learn language.

Memories are particularly evident if motivation and _____ is high.