Exam 6: Memory

Which of the following is an example of the encoding specificity principle?

Information can be held in short-term memory for about 20 seconds.

Tip-of-the-tongue experiences underscore that:

During an intense tennis game, Robert fell backward, sustaining a concussion when his head hit the cement surface. Later, in the emergency room, Robert couldn't remember falling or who was ahead in the tennis game. The loss of his memories for that information occurred because the concussion:

On September 12, 2001, psychologists Jennifer Talarico and David Rubin (2003) had Duke University students complete questionnaires about how they learned about the terrorist attacks against the United States the previous day. For comparison, students also described some ordinary event that had occurred in their lives at about the same time, such as going to a sporting event. Students were then randomly assigned to a follow-up session either 1 week, 6 weeks, or 32 weeks later. The results indicated that:

The brain structure called the _____ seems to be involved in encoding the emotional aspects of memories.

Therapy that involves the recovery of so-called repressed memories through hypnosis and other suggestive techniques can produce false memories that feel just as real as authentic memories.

What did George Sperling's classic experiment demonstrate?

New research suggests that the true "magical number" for the capacity of short-term memory is more likely to be four, plus or minus one, than seven, plus or minus two.

Which term refers to the hypothetical brain changes associated with the formation of a long-term memory?

Identity at least four strategies that can be used to enhance memory.

Describe the results of the research on H.M., and state what conclusions can be drawn about brain functioning based on this case study.

The drawing depicts a left-side view of the brain. The leader lines point to some of the key brain structures involved in memory. Identify the letter that corresponds to the brain structure involved in encoding the emotional qualities of memories.

A series of MRI scans of Alzheimer's patients over a period of two years showed that the disease first attacks the:

Brenda's Aunt Shelby got to the point where she just couldn't recall any more details. "Honestly, that's all I can remember about being in the same first-grade class as Bruce Springsteen. It was just too long ago," Shelby explained to her disappointed niece. That Shelby was unable to recall her other long-term memories about attending elementary school with Bruce Springsteen is most likely an example of:

Why did Karl Lashley fail to uncover the area of the rat's brain in which the memory trace of the maze was stored or located?

While trying to recall a list of items in correct order, the tendency to remember the first items in the list is called _____ while the tendency to remember the last items in the list is called _____.

Driving home from work, Scott saw a dog hit by a car on the highway, and he tried to put it out of his mind. This is an example of repression.

When seven-year-old Grace had to recite the Girl Scout Pledge in front of the other members of her Brownie troop, she had trouble remembering some of the lines in the middle of the pledge. This illustrates:

The notion of "imagination inflation" is the idea that, over the course of time, people inflate the importance of their own behavior in determining the course of events over their lifetime.