Exam 9: Language and Thought

Define aphasia and describe the difference between Wernicke's aphasia and Broca's aphasia.

Which of the following impediments to effective problem solving is correctly matched with an illustrative problem?

A developmental psychologist investigates the reasons that elementary school children lie.Which of the following coefficients is she most likely to find between age and lying to avoid punishment on the one hand,and lying to make others feel better,on the other?

Define language,describe how we learn languages,describe parts of the brain that are involved in language,and discuss differences and problems that can affect people's language skills.

By what age do normally-developing babies begin to babble?

A political science professor attempts to facilitate her students' completion of a term paper assignment by requiring them to first submit a topic statement,then a list of references,then a draft of the introduction,and then,finally,the completed paper.The professor is encouraging her students to use the problem-solving strategy of ___.

Insight typically follows periods during which we mentally "set aside" a problem.

Mr.Kotzugacontinues to speak fluently and grammatically following a brain injury.However,what he says makes absolutely no sense.Mr.Kotzugaappears to be suffering from ___.

Which of the following is NOT an example of cognitive control?

Nathalie is reviewing directions to a party by picturing a city map in her head and thinking of the compass directions needed to reach her destination.Nelson is going to the same party,but is rehearsing a verbal sequence of specific turns and landmarks.Which of the following statements is true with respect to the brain activity of these party-goers as they process the directions to their destination?

Calida has been having difficulty with a co-worker and is trying to decide how to resolve the conflict.She is thinking about what she will do while she is trying to balance her chequebook.In this example,Calida's difficulty with her co-worker is a/an ___,and balancing her chequebook is a/an ___.

Fighting the freeway traffic,Eli's remarks are studded with vivid expletives.Based on research described in your text,you suspect that Eli's ___ is highly active.

Kimberly and Darius are touring houses with a real estate agent.After telling the agent they would like a couple of days to think about whether they will submit a bid on a particular house,the agent tells them that two other couples have looked at that house.As Kimberly and Darius are "sure" this is the house for them,they immediately submit an offer.What was probably the greatest influence on Kimberly and Darius decision?

Which of the following areas refers to the meaning of words?

Carden believes that all babies are pre-programmed to learn language as evidenced by their natural ability to detect phonemes,and how rapidly they learn language.He has even gone so far as to suggest that our brains have built-in structures to allow us to acquire language.Which theorist would Carden's beliefs support?

Which condition,resulting from damage to Broca's area,can produce an inability to speak using proper grammar?

Which type of problem may be solved successfully by the application of an algorithm?

Humans make new sentences each time they speak.This refers to the concept that language is creative or ___.

When individuals read words that evoke odours,the smell-related portions of the brain become active.

Provide an example of automatic processing.