Exam 7: Thinking and Intelligence

If a researcher's goal is to calculate the ______________ for a specific trait,they are trying to make a statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in the trait that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group.

The tension that occurs when you believe you have made a bad decision is called

Compare and contrast convergent and divergent thinkers.

In what way does the fairness bias make people act irrationally when playing the Ultimatum Game described in your textbook?

Animals solve problems in ways that fascinate us.Describe the research that has led some researchers to conclude that animals can think,including in your essay information regarding: -The chimpanzees studied by Wolfgang Kohler -Kanzi,the bonobo who uses a keyboard with symbols on it -Alex,the African gray parrot who vocalized English words

As an African American,Sanyu is aware of the negative stereotypes regarding racial differences in intelligence.If he experiences stereotype threat while taking an intelligence test,it is likely that

When a person experiences cognitive dissonance,he/she will likely

Cognitive biases occur when people exaggerate the probability of very rare events.How does the availability heuristic enhance this kind of bias?

Tests of g factor do a good job of predicting academic achievement.

A form of intelligence that refers to how effectively people perceive and understand their own feelings and the feelings of others is __________ intelligence.

Children in Beijing typically outperform children in Chicago on tests of mathematical ability because:

An especially representative example of a concept is called a(n)

Most people take longer to identify a platypus as a mammal than it takes them to identify a cat as a mammal.This is likely because a cat is closer to most people's _______________ for the concept of mammal.

Langer and her associates studied the reactions of people who were about to use a photocopier when a researcher approached and asked to be allowed to use it first.One of three different requests was made: -"Excuse me,may I use the Xerox machine?" -"Excuse me,may I use the Xerox machine,because I have to make copies?" -"Excuse me,may I use the Xerox machine,because I'm in a rush?" How did the individuals in Langer's study respond to these requests? How were these results interpreted in our textbook?

Gertrude voted 'yes' on a ballot question about whether convicted sex offenders should be banned from being within 500 feet of a playground.Afterwards,she realized that she voted yes because she was disgusted by the thought of sex offenders near playgrounds,but did not really consider whether the ban would actually decrease the probability that a child would be harmed.Gertrude used ________________ to make her decision.

When we need to decide whether something belongs to a __________,we are likely to compare it to a(n)__________.

According to our textbook,intelligence is defined as an inborn,global characteristic of an individual usually defined as the innate ability to acquire information.

Which toxin,commonly found in paint,soil,and old pipes,can damage the brain and nervous system,even at fairly low levels,producing attention problems,lower IQ scores,and poorer school achievement?

Name four environmental factors that are associated with reduced mental ability.

Frida is a young child in the process of developing concepts.Which of the following concepts is she most likely to learn first?