Question 1

Match the following:
-Operant conditioning

Accepted Answer

A) An attempt to weaken a behavior by attaching no consequences 
B) A salary increase 
C) Behavior change induced by either positive or negative consequences 
D) A one-week disciplinary layoff 
E) A change in behavior acquired through knowledge acquisition 
A) An attempt to weaken a behavior by attaching no consequences 
B) A salary increase 
C) Behavior change induced by either positive or negative consequences 
D) A one-week disciplinary layoff 
E) A change in behavior acquired through knowledge acquisition C

Question 2

Match the following:
-Variable ratio schedule

Accepted Answer

A) Reinforcement following every response 
B) Reinforcement after a specific time has elapsed 
C) Reinforcement after a random time period 
D) Reinforcement after a fixed number of responses 
E) Reinforcement after a random number of responses 
A) Reinforcement following every response 
B) Reinforcement after a specific time has elapsed 
C) Reinforcement after a random time period 
D) Reinforcement after a fixed number of responses 
E) Reinforcement after a random number of responses E

Question 3

How can schedules of reinforcement be used in the work situation?

Accepted Answer

A weekly paycheck is a continuous schedule of reinforcement. Every time an employee meets or exceeds a production standard (on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis), a cash bonus can be given. This is a fixed ratio schedule. Periodically, an employee could be given a day off for outstanding performance. This is a variable interval schedule. After five to twenty or more successful sales, a sales representative could be given a small bonus, a variable ratio schedule. Once a month an attendance bonus can be given to those employees with perfect job attendance. This is a fixed interval schedule.

Question 4

The process of modifying behavior through the use of positive or negative consequences following specific behaviors is known as .

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning 
B)  Pavlovian conditioning 
C)  Skinner's Integrated Model of conditioning 
D)  operant conditioning 
A)  classical conditioning 
B)  Pavlovian conditioning 
C)  Skinner's Integrated Model of conditioning 
D)  operant conditioning

Question 5

The schedule of reinforcement that produces an uneven response pattern varying from a very slow, unenergetic response immediately following reinforcement to a very fast, vigorous response immediately preceding reinforcement is known as .

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed ratio 
B)  variable ratio 
C)  fixed interval 
D)  variable interval 
A)  fixed ratio 
B)  variable ratio 
C)  fixed interval 
D)  variable interval

Question 6

Minimal effort, lack of commitment, lack of motivation, and personal problems:

Accepted Answer

A)  are external attributions for poor performance. 
B)  are unresolveable and usually result in employee termination. 
C)  are internal attributions for poor performance. 
D)  can usually be solved with negative reinforcement. 
A)  are external attributions for poor performance. 
B)  are unresolveable and usually result in employee termination. 
C)  are internal attributions for poor performance. 
D)  can usually be solved with negative reinforcement.

Question 7

An informational cue that indicates the degree to which a person behaves the same way in other situations is known as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  consistency 
B)  consensus 
C)  distinctiveness 
D)  inconsistency 
A)  consistency 
B)  consensus 
C)  distinctiveness 
D)  inconsistency

Question 8

An important aspect of a mentoring relationship is:

Accepted Answer

A)  disciplining the subordinate. 
B)  coaching and counseling. 
C)  peer feedback. 
D)  formal training. 
A)  disciplining the subordinate. 
B)  coaching and counseling. 
C)  peer feedback. 
D)  formal training.

Question 9

In the context of schedules of reinforcement, if a random number of responses must be emitted before reinforcement occurs, it is a schedule.

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed interval 
B)  fixed ratio 
C)  variable interval 
D)  variable ratio 
A)  fixed interval 
B)  fixed ratio 
C)  variable interval 
D)  variable ratio

Question 10

Organizations get the performance they reward, not the performance they want.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Match the following:
-Continuous schedule

Accepted Answer

A) Reinforcement following every response 
B) Reinforcement after a specific time has elapsed 
C) Reinforcement after a random time period 
D) Reinforcement after a fixed number of responses 
E) Reinforcement after a random number of responses 
A) Reinforcement following every response 
B) Reinforcement after a specific time has elapsed 
C) Reinforcement after a random time period 
D) Reinforcement after a fixed number of responses 
E) Reinforcement after a random number of responses

Question 12

As part of a performance appraisal, companies develop employees and enhance careers through:

Accepted Answer

A)  electronic performance monitoring. 
B)  self-evaluation. 
C)  coaching and counseling. 
D)  empathetic listening. 
A)  electronic performance monitoring. 
B)  self-evaluation. 
C)  coaching and counseling. 
D)  empathetic listening.

Question 13

One of your employees periodically fails to clean up his work area at the end of the work shift. Instead of issuing punishment or discipline, you decide to try an extinction approach to the situation. Accordingly, you might:

Accepted Answer

A)  reassign the worker to a less desirable job. 
B)  fire the worker. 
C)  clean up the employee's work area yourself. 
D)  ignore the worker's undesirable actions for a while. 
A)  reassign the worker to a less desirable job. 
B)  fire the worker. 
C)  clean up the employee's work area yourself. 
D)  ignore the worker's undesirable actions for a while.

Question 14

Match the following:
-Thinker

Accepted Answer

A) Individual who prefers analysis of data and logical explanation of problems 
B) A theory of learning that focuses on observation of others and modeling 
C) Individual who prefers specific empirical data and looks for practical applications 
D) Process of specifying desired results 
E) A performance­planning and goal­setting program that focuses on the supervisor-employee relationship 
A) Individual who prefers analysis of data and logical explanation of problems 
B) A theory of learning that focuses on observation of others and modeling 
C) Individual who prefers specific empirical data and looks for practical applications 
D) Process of specifying desired results 
E) A performance­planning and goal­setting program that focuses on the supervisor-employee relationship

Question 15

In context of the work environment, learning:

Accepted Answer

A)  takes place through formal training programs. 
B)  is primarily the cognitive activity of acquiring knowledge. 
C)  is ad hoc and accidental. 
D)  is primarily a change in behavior acquired through experience. 
A)  takes place through formal training programs. 
B)  is primarily the cognitive activity of acquiring knowledge. 
C)  is ad hoc and accidental. 
D)  is primarily a change in behavior acquired through experience.

Question 16

Performance appraisal is used for all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  evaluating employee work behavior. 
B)  making promotion and other reward decisions. 
C)  identifying employee developmental needs. 
D)  selecting persons from a pool of job applicants. 
A)  evaluating employee work behavior. 
B)  making promotion and other reward decisions. 
C)  identifying employee developmental needs. 
D)  selecting persons from a pool of job applicants.

Question 17

Which of the following has NOT been shown to moderate the relationship between goal difficulty and task performance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Goal commitment 
B)  Effective performance feedback 
C)  Low self-monitor 
D)  Required skills and abilities 
A)  Goal commitment 
B)  Effective performance feedback 
C)  Low self-monitor 
D)  Required skills and abilities

Question 18

What are characteristics of effective goals?

Accepted Answer

Goal characteristics that are

Question 19

Match the following:
-Performance appraisal

Accepted Answer

A) Task accomplishment 
B) Evaluation of employee behavior 
C) Consistency of rating across time and/or people doing the rating 
D) Accurate definition of job performance 
E) Information provided to employee about his/her performance 
A) Task accomplishment 
B) Evaluation of employee behavior 
C) Consistency of rating across time and/or people doing the rating 
D) Accurate definition of job performance 
E) Information provided to employee about his/her performance

Question 20

Central to Bandura's social learning theory is the concept of .

Accepted Answer

A)  self-monitoring 
B)  classical conditioning 
C)  task-specific self-efficacy 
D)  continuous reinforcement 
A)  self-monitoring 
B)  classical conditioning 
C)  task-specific self-efficacy 
D)  continuous reinforcement

Match the following: -Operant conditioning

Match the following: -Variable ratio schedule

How can schedules of reinforcement be used in the work situation?

The process of modifying behavior through the use of positive or negative consequences following specific behaviors is known as .

The schedule of reinforcement that produces an uneven response pattern varying from a very slow, unenergetic response immediately following reinforcement to a very fast, vigorous response immediately preceding reinforcement is known as .

Minimal effort, lack of commitment, lack of motivation, and personal problems:

An informational cue that indicates the degree to which a person behaves the same way in other situations is known as _____.

An important aspect of a mentoring relationship is:

In the context of schedules of reinforcement, if a random number of responses must be emitted before reinforcement occurs, it is a schedule.

Organizations get the performance they reward, not the performance they want.

Match the following: -Continuous schedule

As part of a performance appraisal, companies develop employees and enhance careers through:

One of your employees periodically fails to clean up his work area at the end of the work shift. Instead of issuing punishment or discipline, you decide to try an extinction approach to the situation. Accordingly, you might:

Match the following: -Thinker

In context of the work environment, learning:

Performance appraisal is used for all of the following except:

Which of the following has NOT been shown to moderate the relationship between goal difficulty and task performance?

What are characteristics of effective goals?

Match the following: -Performance appraisal

Central to Bandura's social learning theory is the concept of .

Organizational Behavior and Opportunity

Challenges for Managers

Personality, Perception, and Attribution

Attitudes, Emotions, and Ethics

Motivation at Work

Stress and Well-Being at Work

Communication

Work Teams and Groups

Decision Making by Individuals and Groups

Power and Political Behavior

Leadership and Followership

Conflict and Negotiation

Jobs and the Design of Work

Organizational Design and Structure

Organizational Culture

Career Management

Managing Change

Filters

Exam 6: Learning and Performance Management

Match the following: -Operant conditioning

Match the following: -Variable ratio schedule

How can schedules of reinforcement be used in the work situation?

The process of modifying behavior through the use of positive or negative consequences following specific behaviors is known as .

The schedule of reinforcement that produces an uneven response pattern varying from a very slow, unenergetic response immediately following reinforcement to a very fast, vigorous response immediately preceding reinforcement is known as .

Minimal effort, lack of commitment, lack of motivation, and personal problems:

An informational cue that indicates the degree to which a person behaves the same way in other situations is known as _____.

An important aspect of a mentoring relationship is:

In the context of schedules of reinforcement, if a random number of responses must be emitted before reinforcement occurs, it is a schedule.

Organizations get the performance they reward, not the performance they want.

Match the following: -Continuous schedule

As part of a performance appraisal, companies develop employees and enhance careers through:

One of your employees periodically fails to clean up his work area at the end of the work shift. Instead of issuing punishment or discipline, you decide to try an extinction approach to the situation. Accordingly, you might:

Match the following: -Thinker

In context of the work environment, learning:

Performance appraisal is used for all of the following except:

Which of the following has NOT been shown to moderate the relationship between goal difficulty and task performance?

What are characteristics of effective goals?

Match the following: -Performance appraisal

Central to Bandura's social learning theory is the concept of .

Organizational Behavior and Opportunity

Challenges for Managers

Personality, Perception, and Attribution

Attitudes, Emotions, and Ethics

Motivation at Work

Stress and Well-Being at Work

Communication

Work Teams and Groups

Decision Making by Individuals and Groups

Power and Political Behavior

Leadership and Followership

Conflict and Negotiation

Jobs and the Design of Work

Organizational Design and Structure

Organizational Culture

Career Management

Managing Change

Filters