Question 1

Individuals who would most enjoy becoming a psychologist

Accepted Answer

A) are good at recognizing patterns and drawing conclusions. 
B) tend to be emotionally unstable. 
C) are controlled and insensitive to others' pain and feelings. 
D) tend to exhibit all of these characteristics.

Question 2

Most psychologists

Accepted Answer

A) are therapists in private practice. 
B) work in clinics or hospitals. 
C) are employed by the military. 
D) are employed by schools, businesses, and social agencies.

Question 3

Subjects are said to be assigned randomly when

Accepted Answer

A) they are selected to participate in an experiment from a sample which is representative of the larger population. 
B) they each have an equal chance of being assigned to either the experimental or control group. 
C) they are assigned to experimental and control groups so that the groups differ on some critical variable before the experiment begins. 
D) neither the experimenter nor the subject knows whether the subject is in the experimental or control group.

Question 4

The independent variable in an experiment is

Accepted Answer

A) the subject him or herself. 
B) a measure of the subject's behavior. 
C) the variable that the experimenter chooses to manipulate. 
D) any unwanted variable that may adversely affect the subject's performance.

Question 5

Regarding specialties in psychology, clinical and counseling psychologists comprise about what proportion of all American psychologists?

Accepted Answer

A) 25% 
B) 37% 
C) 58% 
D) 75%

Question 6

Manuel is a psychologist employed by the human relations department of a car manufacturer.He helps select job applicants and also helps to improve workplace conditions and work relationships so that the company can operate effectively.Manuel is most likely a(n) _____ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A) personality 
B) forensic 
C) educational 
D) industrial-organizational

Question 7

"I am studying how the human mind is able to interpret depth and distance when looking at a painting on a flat canvas.Who am I?"

Accepted Answer

A) a personality theorist 
B) a comparative psychologist 
C) a forensic psychologist 
D) a theorist who studies sensation and perception

Question 8

A variable, such as the personality of a subject, that might affect the outcome of an experiment would be controlled by

Accepted Answer

A) random assignment of subjects. 
B) assuming the effects of the variable are negligible. 
C) manipulating the dependent variables simultaneously. 
D) repeating the experiment several times until the results are consistent.

Question 9

The term "shrink" is a slang expression for

Accepted Answer

A) a psychologist. 
B) a psychiatrist. 
C) a counselor or therapist. 
D) all of these.

Question 10

As gas prices increase, we see a decline in the number of travelers on the highway.This is an example of a _____ correlation.

Accepted Answer

A) negative 
B) positive 
C) perfect 
D) zero

Question 11

A double-blind experiment would most likely be used to

Accepted Answer

A) minimize researcher bias. 
B) minimize changes in subjects' behavior caused by the unintended influence of an experimenter's actions. 
C) control for research participant bias. 
D) do all of these.

Question 12

Regarding social norms, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Social norms are rules that define acceptable and expected behavior for members of various groups. 
B) Social norms are influenced by cultural differences, age, ethnicity, gender, religion, disability, and sexual orientation. 
C) The unstated standard for judging what is "average," "normal," or "correct" has often been the behavior of white, middle-class males. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 13

Changes in subjects' behavior caused by the unintended influence of an experimenter's actions is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) researcher bias. 
B) the field experiment effect. 
C) research participant bias. 
D) the extraneous effect.

Question 14

In an experiment, control over extraneous variables, such as the time of day or the temperature of the room, can be obtained by

Accepted Answer

A) using a double-blind. 
B) making all conditions except the independent variable exactly the same for all subjects. 
C) using repeated measures. 
D) observing and recording the impact of each variable on each subject in the experiment..

Question 15

The basic ethical guidelines for psychological researchers include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Use deception only when absolutely necessary. 
B) Maintain confidentiality. 
C) Provide results and interpretations to participants. 
D) All of these are basic ethical guidelines for psychological researchers.

Question 16

Will conducts applied research on the design of machinery, computers, airplanes, and automobiles for business, industry, and the military.Will is most likely a(n) _____ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A) engineering 
B) comparative 
C) consumer 
D) sensation and perception

Question 17

The APA professional code stresses

Accepted Answer

A) the psychologist must control the patient. 
B) the client must comply with the psychologist's advice. 
C) the psychologist must have high levels of competence and integrity. 
D) none of these.

Question 18

The dependent variable is the one that is

Accepted Answer

A) manipulated. 
B) prevented from affecting the outcome of the experiment. 
C) revealed by measures of performance. 
D) also called the treatment.

Question 19

Dr.Dauphine has been studying consistent trends in how males and females have selected their mates throughout the long history of humankind.Dr.Dauphine is most likely a(n) _____ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A) evolutionary 
B) developmental 
C) personality 
D) comparative

Question 20

Rosetta's family has a history of emotional problems related to hormonal disturbances.For some time now, Rosetta has been deeply depressed.She should probably seek the aid of a

Accepted Answer

A) counseling psychologist. 
B) clinical psychologist. 
C) psychiatrist. 
D) psychoanalyst.

Exam 1: Extension B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods