Exam 9: Thinking and Intelligence

Tracy does not have an unusually high IQ, but at work she is quickly promoted because she knows how to set priorities, communicate with management, and make others feel valued. Tracy has ___________ knowledge about how to succeed on the job.

Peter's mental representation of Thanksgiving includes associations (e.g., to turkeys), attitudes ("It's a time to be with relatives"), and expectations ("I'm going to gain weight from all that food"). They are all part of his ___________ for the holiday.

A young boy's mental age would be:

Irene Pepperberg worked with an African gray parrot named Alex. Her research revealed that:

People who are creative tend to rely on convergent thinking.

Rita's mental representation for Halloween includes knowledge, beliefs, and expectations. Which term is used to describe these characteristics? Develop an example that describes Rita's mental representation for Halloween, making sure that each of the three aspects mentioned above is included.

Reflective judgment is basically another term for what has been called critical thinking.

Yvonne is arguing with Henrietta about whether real estate is a better investment than stocks. "You can't convince me," says Yvonne. "I just know I'm right." Yvonne needs training in ___________ reasoning.

In studies of business managers and sales people, tacit knowledge is a strong predictor of effectiveness on the job.

A mental category that groups objects, relations, activities, abstractions, or qualities having common properties is called a(n):

Many people report mental images in the sensory modalities of smell, touch, taste, and pain.

In 2001, an unknown person sent anthrax through the United States Postal Service, causing the deaths of five people. Many people became afraid to open their mail, although the risk for any given individual was extremely small. What heuristics help to explain this reaction?

________ learning is defined as learning that occurs when you acquire knowledge about something without being aware of how you did so and without being able to state exactly what it is you have learned.

A representation that may occur in many sensory modalities, and that resembles what it represents, is a:

Mina discovers that she has called her boyfriend's number instead of her mother's, as she intended. Her error can be attributed to ___________.

At the age of 66, Hilda is worried when researchers ask her to take an IQ test. She knows that older people are assumed to have failing cognitive abilities. Which term is used to describe Hilda's anxiety? How could Hilda's test performance be affected by her worries?

Jerome Kagan likens consciousness to the staff of a fire department because:

________ is defined as a general intellectual ability assumed by many theorists to underlie specific mental abilities and talents.

Explanations of animal behavior that rely solely on instinct would have difficulty interpreting the fact that mother chimpanzees show their young how to use stone tools to open nuts.

In formal reasoning problems, the information needed for reaching a solution is specified clearly and there is a single right answer.