Exam 9: Thinking and Intelligence

Logan understands the concepts in his statistics class. However, during tests, he spends the entire time on the most difficult problems and never gets to the problems that he can solve easily. Logan's inability to adapt his strategy to the testing situation indicates that he has low:

When Wolfgang Köhler put chimpanzees in situations in which tempting bananas were just out of reach, he found that:

What was Binet's great insight?

A young boy's mental age would be:

When John worries about getting bit by a shark when swimming at the beach, but doesn't worry about getting cancer from the cigarettes he smokes, he is:

Cognitive ethology is the study of cognitive processes in nonhuman animals, especially in natural environments.

The tendency to find patterns in events is a common mental set.

If individuals are asked to rate the effectiveness of condoms in preventing the transmission of HIV (the virus that causes AIDS), they would be most likely to rate a condom as effective if they were told:

In the early 1900s, at the request of the French Ministry of Education, Alfred Binet constructed a testing instrument that eventually became the first widely used intelligence test. For what purpose was the test developed?

Multitasking increases the time required to complete tasks.

________ intelligence is the ability to identify your own and other people's emotions accurately, express your emotions clearly, and regulate emotions in yourself and others.

What two findings in the previous section support Whorf's theory that language affects perception and cognition?

Which of the following statements is true of formal reasoning?

Hilda, who is 68, is about to take an IQ test, but she is worried because she knows that older people are often assumed to have diminished mental abilities. Hilda is being affected by ___________.

Which of the following is a characteristic of formal reasoning?

Most individuals do not show evidence of reflective judgment until their ________, if at all.

Reggie is a Green Party supporter. He goes out of his way to read articles about the achievements of the Green Party, but doesn't pay any attention to articles that are critical of the party and its candidates. Reggie is exhibiting:

IQ tests designed to avoid cultural bias have failed to entirely eliminate average group differences in IQ scores.

In a classic experiment on cognitive dissonance, students did some boring, repetitive tasks and then had to tell another student, who was waiting to participate in the study, that the work was interesting and fun (Festinger & Carlsmith, 1959). Half the students were offered $20 for telling this lie and the others only $1. Based on what you have learned about cognitive dissonance reduction, which students do you think decided later that the tasks had been fun after all? Why?

Sara has had a string of failed romantic relationships over the past 3 years. Her partners tend to tell the same story: Sara often can't tell when they are mad at her, and doesn't seem able to express her own feelings. If her exes' complaints are accurate, Sara would likely score low on tests of _________ intelligence.