Exam 9: Thinking and Intelligence

As a woman, Dawn is aware of the stereotypes that women are not good at math. When she completes a questionnaire about her gender and then is given a math test, it is most likely that:

Alfred Binet's insight regarding a method of measuring mental development had an international impact in the twentieth century. Explain how he went about calculating a child's mental abilities. What scoring system did later researchers base on Binet's method, and how was it originally calculated?

A mental category that groups objects, relations, activities, abstractions, or qualities having common properties is called a(n):

A(n) ________ process occurs outside of conscious awareness, but is accessible to consciousness when necessary.

How does the availability heuristic lead people to believe that catastrophic events, such as plane crashes, occur more frequently than they actually do?

In general, people try to avoid losses when making a decision. Explain why this cognitive bias may affect a person's decision about accepting or rejecting various aspects of medical treatment.

Which of the following is one of the components in Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence?

Children in Beijing typically outperform children in Chicago on tests of mathematical ability because:

Connie's method of studying worked effectively throughout high school until she took her first foreign language course. In this course, her grades were much lower than usual. How could her mental set for studying have played a role in Connie scoring low grades?

The tendency to look for or pay attention only to information that supports one's own belief is called:

________ is a system of beliefs about the way one's own mind and the minds of others work, and of how individuals are affected by their beliefs and feelings.

Research on animals and language indicates that:

People who are creative tend to rely on convergent thinking.

Research on human cognition reveals that not all mental processing is conscious.

The ________ involves consulting one's emotions instead of estimating probabilities objectively.

Dallas is a 10-year-old boy who has a mental age of 8 years. His IQ would be:

Without _________ intelligence, it is difficult to acquire tacit knowledge.

People tend to judge the probability of an event by how easy it is to think of examples of the event.

Differences between the performances of Asian and American children on mathematics tests can be accounted for by educational resources.

Irene Pepperberg worked with an African gray parrot named Alex. Her research revealed that: