Exam 8: Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

As part of the indoctrination process used by terrorist groups and cults, as soon as a person is a committed believer, the leader is most likely to:

Based on the information about prejudice in your textbook, what is the most likely outcome of extending marriage rights to same-sex couples in the long run?

About ________ of all participants in Milgram's study administered the highest level of shock to the learner.

In which of the following countries would the fundamental attribution error be more prevalent?

According to research discussed in your textbook, prejudice is reduced when:

Representative Jansen, a U.S. congresswoman, believes in the reproductive rights and welfare of women but voted to ban late-term abortions. Jansen feels very uneasy about the conflict between her beliefs and her behavior. She is most likely experiencing:

Explicit laws and implicit cultural conventions are both examples of:

A way in which organizations actively promote the deindividuation of their members is through the use of uniforms.

When Jenny's parents told her that they were moving to Alabama, she was horrified because she secretly thought that southerners were mostly poorly educated and racist. After experiencing the foods, traditions, and people in her new state, she was surprised to realize that southerners weren't all alike, and that many of her new friends were just like her. This is an example of:

In the social-psychological view, the horrifying violence enacted by one group against another is due to inner aggressive drives that are part of human nature.

Social _______________ refers to the effect of social influences on thought, memory, perception, and beliefs.

Frank, an African-American college student, has to decide between living in a dorm with mostly white students who share his interest in science, or living in a dorm with other black students who are studying the history and contributions of African culture. The first choice values __________, whereas the second values __________.

Lucas walks around his busy college campus between classes. He notices smoke coming from the side of the cafeteria, but assumes that someone inside already has called the fire department. What phenomenon does this example illustrate?

John knows and likes the Chicano minority in his town, but he privately believes that Anglo culture is superior to all others. His belief is evidence of his __________.

A prejudice consists of a negative stereotype and a strong, unreasonable dislike of a group.

The validity effect is the tendency of people to believe that a statement is true simply because it has been repeated many times.

What kind of attribution is being made in each case, situational or dispositional? a. A man says, "My wife has sure become a grouchy person." b. The same man says, "I'm grouchy because I had a bad day at the office." c. A woman reads about high unemployment in poor communities and says, "Well, if those people weren't so lazy, they would find work."

The fundamental attribution error is especially prevalent in collectivist cultures, such as India or Japan.

The tendency to take credit for one's good actions and to let the situation account for one's bad actions is called the fundamental attribution error.

Cognitive dissonance is a state of tension that occurs when a person's belief is incongruent with his or her behavior.