Question 1

In Stanley Milgram's study of obedience, after the "learner" cried out in pain, 85 percent of the participants refused to deliver any more shocks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A friend of yours, who is moving, asks you to bring over a few boxes. Because you are there anyway, he asks you to fill them with books. Before you know it, you have packed up his kitchen, living room, and bedroom. What social-psychological process is at work here?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A friend of yours, who is moving,...

Question 3

About what proportion of the people in Milgram's obedience study administered the highest level of shock?

Accepted Answer

A)  two-thirds 
B)  one-half 
C)  one-third 
D)  one-tenth 
A)  two-thirds 
B)  one-half 
C)  one-third 
D)  one-tenth

Question 4

Which statement best describes an aspect of Stanley Milgram's study of obedience?

Accepted Answer

A)  an ominous-looking shock machine, which had voltage markings from zero to 450 volts 
B)  participants in the study were randomly assigned to be teachers or learners 
C)  participants were electrically shocked when they made errors in reciting word pairs 
D)  a learner and the teacher always sat side by side across from the shock machine 
A)  an ominous-looking shock machine, which had voltage markings from zero to 450 volts 
B)  participants in the study were randomly assigned to be teachers or learners 
C)  participants were electrically shocked when they made errors in reciting word pairs 
D)  a learner and the teacher always sat side by side across from the shock machine

Question 5

According to Stanley Milgram, willingness to obey an authority is tied to the personalities of the participants rather than being tied to situational factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Resistance to groupthink can be fostered by:

Accepted Answer

A)  fostering strong, directive leadership. 
B)  asking group members to generate as many alternative solutions as possible. 
C)  discouraging doubt and dissent. 
D)  helping members focus on being team players. 
A)  fostering strong, directive leadership. 
B)  asking group members to generate as many alternative solutions as possible. 
C)  discouraging doubt and dissent. 
D)  helping members focus on being team players.

Question 7

In the Stanford prison study, all the guards became tyrannical, using harsh and abusive methods to interact with prisoners.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What important positive role do stereotypes play in human thinking?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 9

Describe the experimental design of the conformity studies conducted by Solomon Asch.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 10

According to your textbook, the need to ________ may be the most powerful human motivation.

Accepted Answer

A)  be creative 
B)  belong 
C)  participate 
D)  achieve 
A)  be creative 
B)  belong 
C)  participate 
D)  achieve

Question 11

What is cognitive dissonance? List one example of this state of psychological tension.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 12

According to the just-world hypothesis, attributions are affected by the need to believe that the world is fair, that justice prevails, and that good people are rewarded and bad people are punished.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

______________ refers to the tendency to overestimate dispositional influences (and underestimate situational influences) when explaining another person's behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognitive dissonance 
B)  The fundamental attribution error 
C)  Diffusion of responsibility 
D)  Deindividuation 
A)  Cognitive dissonance 
B)  The fundamental attribution error 
C)  Diffusion of responsibility 
D)  Deindividuation

Question 14

Most people are overly pessimistic about their own abilities, competence, and other good qualities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Entrapment occurs when someone in authority asks you to do something, and you want to disobey, but instead you agree to do it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Replications of Milgram's study of obedience showed:

Accepted Answer

A)  occupational differences, because 90 percent of lower-SES individuals and 55 percent of upper-SES individuals inflicted what they thought were dangerous levels of shocks to the "learner." 
B)  gender differences in a willingness to obey, because 75 percent of men but only 30 percent of women inflicted what they thought were dangerous levels of shocks to the "learner." 
C)  that more than 90 percent of the subjects in Spain and in the Netherlands inflicted what they thought were dangerous levels of shocks to the "learner." 
D)  that when the victim said that he had a heart ailment or screamed in agony, 10 percent of the "teachers" inflicted what they thought were dangerous levels of shocks to the "learner." 
A)  occupational differences, because 90 percent of lower-SES individuals and 55 percent of upper-SES individuals inflicted what they thought were dangerous levels of shocks to the "learner." 
B)  gender differences in a willingness to obey, because 75 percent of men but only 30 percent of women inflicted what they thought were dangerous levels of shocks to the "learner." 
C)  that more than 90 percent of the subjects in Spain and in the Netherlands inflicted what they thought were dangerous levels of shocks to the "learner." 
D)  that when the victim said that he had a heart ailment or screamed in agony, 10 percent of the "teachers" inflicted what they thought were dangerous levels of shocks to the "learner."

Question 17

Who conducted the "obedience study" in which an authority figure commanded participants to violate their ethical standards?

Accepted Answer

A)  Solomon Asch 
B)  Stanley Milgram 
C)  Philip Zimbardo 
D)  Muzafer Sherif 
A)  Solomon Asch 
B)  Stanley Milgram 
C)  Philip Zimbardo 
D)  Muzafer Sherif

Question 18

Who conducted an experiment on conformity in which people were asked to judge the length of lines?

Accepted Answer

A)  Solomon Asch 
B)  Stanley Milgram 
C)  Philip Zimbardo 
D)  Muzafer Sherif 
A)  Solomon Asch 
B)  Stanley Milgram 
C)  Philip Zimbardo 
D)  Muzafer Sherif

Question 19

What cultural differences have been found in regard to the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 20

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  they exaggerate differences between groups. 
B)  they exaggerate differences within stereotyped groups. 
C)  they increase awareness of evidence that contradicts stereotypes. 
D)  they make it seem like groups are different, when in reality, most groups are exactly the same. 
A)  they exaggerate differences between groups. 
B)  they exaggerate differences within stereotyped groups. 
C)  they increase awareness of evidence that contradicts stereotypes. 
D)  they make it seem like groups are different, when in reality, most groups are exactly the same.

In Stanley Milgram's study of obedience, after the "learner" cried out in pain, 85 percent of the participants refused to deliver any more shocks.

A friend of yours, who is moving, asks you to bring over a few boxes. Because you are there anyway, he asks you to fill them with books. Before you know it, you have packed up his kitchen, living room, and bedroom. What social-psychological process is at work here?

About what proportion of the people in Milgram's obedience study administered the highest level of shock?

Which statement best describes an aspect of Stanley Milgram's study of obedience?

According to Stanley Milgram, willingness to obey an authority is tied to the personalities of the participants rather than being tied to situational factors.

Resistance to groupthink can be fostered by:

In the Stanford prison study, all the guards became tyrannical, using harsh and abusive methods to interact with prisoners.

What important positive role do stereotypes play in human thinking?

Describe the experimental design of the conformity studies conducted by Solomon Asch.

According to your textbook, the need to ________ may be the most powerful human motivation.

What is cognitive dissonance? List one example of this state of psychological tension.

According to the just-world hypothesis, attributions are affected by the need to believe that the world is fair, that justice prevails, and that good people are rewarded and bad people are punished.

______________ refers to the tendency to overestimate dispositional influences (and underestimate situational influences) when explaining another person's behavior.

Most people are overly pessimistic about their own abilities, competence, and other good qualities.

Entrapment occurs when someone in authority asks you to do something, and you want to disobey, but instead you agree to do it.

Replications of Milgram's study of obedience showed:

Who conducted the "obedience study" in which an authority figure commanded participants to violate their ethical standards?

Who conducted an experiment on conformity in which people were asked to judge the length of lines?

What cultural differences have been found in regard to the fundamental attribution error?

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

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Exam 8: Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

In Stanley Milgram's study of obedience, after the "learner" cried out in pain, 85 percent of the participants refused to deliver any more shocks.

A friend of yours, who is moving, asks you to bring over a few boxes. Because you are there anyway, he asks you to fill them with books. Before you know it, you have packed up his kitchen, living room, and bedroom. What social-psychological process is at work here?

About what proportion of the people in Milgram's obedience study administered the highest level of shock?

Which statement best describes an aspect of Stanley Milgram's study of obedience?

According to Stanley Milgram, willingness to obey an authority is tied to the personalities of the participants rather than being tied to situational factors.

Resistance to groupthink can be fostered by:

In the Stanford prison study, all the guards became tyrannical, using harsh and abusive methods to interact with prisoners.

What important positive role do stereotypes play in human thinking?

Describe the experimental design of the conformity studies conducted by Solomon Asch.

According to your textbook, the need to ________ may be the most powerful human motivation.

What is cognitive dissonance? List one example of this state of psychological tension.

According to the just-world hypothesis, attributions are affected by the need to believe that the world is fair, that justice prevails, and that good people are rewarded and bad people are punished.

______________ refers to the tendency to overestimate dispositional influences (and underestimate situational influences) when explaining another person's behavior.

Most people are overly pessimistic about their own abilities, competence, and other good qualities.

Entrapment occurs when someone in authority asks you to do something, and you want to disobey, but instead you agree to do it.

Replications of Milgram's study of obedience showed:

Who conducted the "obedience study" in which an authority figure commanded participants to violate their ethical standards?

Who conducted an experiment on conformity in which people were asked to judge the length of lines?

What cultural differences have been found in regard to the fundamental attribution error?

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters