Question 1

Brainwashing is politically-motivated violence specifically designed to instill feelings of helplessness in a population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

According to the just-world hypothesis, people tend to believe that:

Accepted Answer

A)  a person's actions are just if they truly believe in them. 
B)  all members should benefit equally from belonging to a social group. 
C)  bad people are punished and good people are rewarded. 
D)  rewards come to us in just this world, and not in the afterlife. 
A)  a person's actions are just if they truly believe in them. 
B)  all members should benefit equally from belonging to a social group. 
C)  bad people are punished and good people are rewarded. 
D)  rewards come to us in just this world, and not in the afterlife.

Question 3

A tourist selflessly dives into an icy river to rescue a drowning stranger. This scenario is an example of altruism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The tendency of people to believe that a statement is true or valid simply because it has been repeated many times is known as the familiarity effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

An economic cause of prejudice is that it:

Accepted Answer

A)  encourages acculturation. 
B)  decreases us-them thinking. 
C)  increases altruistic behavior. 
D)  makes official forms of discrimination seem legitimate. 
A)  encourages acculturation. 
B)  decreases us-them thinking. 
C)  increases altruistic behavior. 
D)  makes official forms of discrimination seem legitimate.

Question 6

Joseph Goebbels, Hitler's propaganda minister, used a technique called "The Big Lie." He knew that people begin to believe that a statement is true simply because it has been repeated a number of times. The formal name for this technique is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the validity effect. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  diffusion of responsibility. 
D)  symbolic racism. 
A)  the validity effect. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  diffusion of responsibility. 
D)  symbolic racism.

Question 7

________ is a tendency for people on a team or a mission together to agree with each other and suppress dissension among their ranks.

Accepted Answer

A)  Groupthink 
B)  Diffusion of responsibility 
C)  Cognitive dissonance 
D)  Deindividuation 
A)  Groupthink 
B)  Diffusion of responsibility 
C)  Cognitive dissonance 
D)  Deindividuation

Question 8

In Milgram's obedience study, 15 percent of the subjects refused to administer any shocks to the "learner."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What are three ways in which stereotypes can distort reality?

Accepted Answer

They exaggerate differences be

Question 10

Milgram concluded that obedience in his study was a function of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the religious beliefs of the participant. 
B)  the personality of the participant. 
C)  the responses made by the learner. 
D)  the situation of the experiment. 
A)  the religious beliefs of the participant. 
B)  the personality of the participant. 
C)  the responses made by the learner. 
D)  the situation of the experiment.

Question 11

A cultural cause of prejudice is that it:

Accepted Answer

A)  helps people bond to their own ethnic group. 
B)  encourages acculturation. 
C)  increases disobedience. 
D)  replaces official forms of discrimination. 
A)  helps people bond to their own ethnic group. 
B)  encourages acculturation. 
C)  increases disobedience. 
D)  replaces official forms of discrimination.

Question 12

Milgram's study of obedience has been criticized on the basis of:

Accepted Answer

A)  its lack of random assignment. 
B)  the inability of any of its findings to be replicated. 
C)  the physical pain learners experienced from the electric shock. 
D)  the emotional distress and deception experienced by participants. 
A)  its lack of random assignment. 
B)  the inability of any of its findings to be replicated. 
C)  the physical pain learners experienced from the electric shock. 
D)  the emotional distress and deception experienced by participants.

Question 13

Lucas walks around his busy college campus between classes. He notices smoke coming from the side of the cafeteria, but assumes that someone inside already has called the fire department. What phenomenon does this example illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  the just-world hypothesis 
B)  diffusion of responsibility 
C)  deindividuation 
D)  groupthink 
A)  the just-world hypothesis 
B)  diffusion of responsibility 
C)  deindividuation 
D)  groupthink

Question 14

What is cognitive dissonance? Provide an example that illustrates how cognitive dissonance can lead people to change their attitudes. Make sure to explain the cause of the cognitive dissonance in your example.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 15

Research on social roles suggests that:

Accepted Answer

A)  people usually follow social roles with conscious deliberation. 
B)  certain aspects of every role must be carried out or there will almost always be penalties. 
C)  male gender roles in Western cultures have been resistant to any changes. 
D)  social roles are fairly independent of culture. 
A)  people usually follow social roles with conscious deliberation. 
B)  certain aspects of every role must be carried out or there will almost always be penalties. 
C)  male gender roles in Western cultures have been resistant to any changes. 
D)  social roles are fairly independent of culture.

Question 16

Carlos and his work associates form a close, friendly group, and they usually work well together. However, they may face a problem involving an extreme form of conformity called:

Accepted Answer

A)  the fundamental attribution error. 
B)  generational identity. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  the self-serving bias. 
A)  the fundamental attribution error. 
B)  generational identity. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  the self-serving bias.

Question 17

The purpose of Milgram's study of obedience was to find out how many people would obey an authority figure when directly ordered to violate their own ethical standards.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The obedience study conducted by Stanley Milgram has become world famous. Explain, in detail, the procedures that Milgram used in his study and then evaluate his results. What conclusions did Milgram reach? How have critics reacted to his research?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 19

An implicit cultural standard has been violated when:

Accepted Answer

A)  taxes are due on April 15 but a person doesn't file a return. 
B)  a parent allows a 13-year-old to get behind the wheel for a short drive home. 
C)  a driver accelerates during a yellow light in order to cross the intersection. 
D)  the school library is almost completely empty but a student sits right next to a stranger. 
A)  taxes are due on April 15 but a person doesn't file a return. 
B)  a parent allows a 13-year-old to get behind the wheel for a short drive home. 
C)  a driver accelerates during a yellow light in order to cross the intersection. 
D)  the school library is almost completely empty but a student sits right next to a stranger.

Question 20

According to attribution theory, the explanations we give for our behavior and the behavior of others generally fall into two categories:

Accepted Answer

A)  dispositional and situational. 
B)  environmental and situational. 
C)  mental and physical 
D)  implicit and explicit. 
A)  dispositional and situational. 
B)  environmental and situational. 
C)  mental and physical 
D)  implicit and explicit.

Brainwashing is politically-motivated violence specifically designed to instill feelings of helplessness in a population.

According to the just-world hypothesis, people tend to believe that:

A tourist selflessly dives into an icy river to rescue a drowning stranger. This scenario is an example of altruism.

The tendency of people to believe that a statement is true or valid simply because it has been repeated many times is known as the familiarity effect.

An economic cause of prejudice is that it:

Joseph Goebbels, Hitler's propaganda minister, used a technique called "The Big Lie." He knew that people begin to believe that a statement is true simply because it has been repeated a number of times. The formal name for this technique is:

________ is a tendency for people on a team or a mission together to agree with each other and suppress dissension among their ranks.

In Milgram's obedience study, 15 percent of the subjects refused to administer any shocks to the "learner."

What are three ways in which stereotypes can distort reality?

Milgram concluded that obedience in his study was a function of:

A cultural cause of prejudice is that it:

Milgram's study of obedience has been criticized on the basis of:

Lucas walks around his busy college campus between classes. He notices smoke coming from the side of the cafeteria, but assumes that someone inside already has called the fire department. What phenomenon does this example illustrate?

What is cognitive dissonance? Provide an example that illustrates how cognitive dissonance can lead people to change their attitudes. Make sure to explain the cause of the cognitive dissonance in your example.

Research on social roles suggests that:

Carlos and his work associates form a close, friendly group, and they usually work well together. However, they may face a problem involving an extreme form of conformity called:

The purpose of Milgram's study of obedience was to find out how many people would obey an authority figure when directly ordered to violate their own ethical standards.

The obedience study conducted by Stanley Milgram has become world famous. Explain, in detail, the procedures that Milgram used in his study and then evaluate his results. What conclusions did Milgram reach? How have critics reacted to his research?

An implicit cultural standard has been violated when:

According to attribution theory, the explanations we give for our behavior and the behavior of others generally fall into two categories:

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

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Exam 8: Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Brainwashing is politically-motivated violence specifically designed to instill feelings of helplessness in a population.

According to the just-world hypothesis, people tend to believe that:

A tourist selflessly dives into an icy river to rescue a drowning stranger. This scenario is an example of altruism.

The tendency of people to believe that a statement is true or valid simply because it has been repeated many times is known as the familiarity effect.

An economic cause of prejudice is that it:

Joseph Goebbels, Hitler's propaganda minister, used a technique called "The Big Lie." He knew that people begin to believe that a statement is true simply because it has been repeated a number of times. The formal name for this technique is:

________ is a tendency for people on a team or a mission together to agree with each other and suppress dissension among their ranks.

In Milgram's obedience study, 15 percent of the subjects refused to administer any shocks to the "learner."

What are three ways in which stereotypes can distort reality?

Milgram concluded that obedience in his study was a function of:

A cultural cause of prejudice is that it:

Milgram's study of obedience has been criticized on the basis of:

Lucas walks around his busy college campus between classes. He notices smoke coming from the side of the cafeteria, but assumes that someone inside already has called the fire department. What phenomenon does this example illustrate?

What is cognitive dissonance? Provide an example that illustrates how cognitive dissonance can lead people to change their attitudes. Make sure to explain the cause of the cognitive dissonance in your example.

Research on social roles suggests that:

Carlos and his work associates form a close, friendly group, and they usually work well together. However, they may face a problem involving an extreme form of conformity called:

The purpose of Milgram's study of obedience was to find out how many people would obey an authority figure when directly ordered to violate their own ethical standards.

The obedience study conducted by Stanley Milgram has become world famous. Explain, in detail, the procedures that Milgram used in his study and then evaluate his results. What conclusions did Milgram reach? How have critics reacted to his research?

An implicit cultural standard has been violated when:

According to attribution theory, the explanations we give for our behavior and the behavior of others generally fall into two categories:

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters