Question 1

The belief that one's own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others is called the self-serving bias.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The belief that one's own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  acculturation. 
B)  the self-serving bias. 
C)  ethnocentrism. 
D)  entrapment. 
A)  acculturation. 
B)  the self-serving bias. 
C)  ethnocentrism. 
D)  entrapment.

Question 3

Which of the following increased the likelihood that participants would disobey in Milgram's obedience study?

Accepted Answer

A)  having only one teacher 
B)  having the experimenter in the room with the teacher 
C)  having two experimenters issuing the same commands 
D)  having the experimenter be an ordinary man 
A)  having only one teacher 
B)  having the experimenter in the room with the teacher 
C)  having two experimenters issuing the same commands 
D)  having the experimenter be an ordinary man

Question 4

Research suggests that you are more likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)  feel deindividuated in a small town. 
B)  feel deindividuated when wearing a uniform. 
C)  feel combative rather than kind when feeling deindividuated. 
D)  demonstrate mindlessness when feeling deindividuated. 
A)  feel deindividuated in a small town. 
B)  feel deindividuated when wearing a uniform. 
C)  feel combative rather than kind when feeling deindividuated. 
D)  demonstrate mindlessness when feeling deindividuated.

Question 5

Groupthink can be counteracted by creating conditions that:

Accepted Answer

A)  foster strong, directive leadership. 
B)  punish disloyalty. 
C)  explicitly encourage doubt and dissent. 
D)  help members focus on being team players. 
A)  foster strong, directive leadership. 
B)  punish disloyalty. 
C)  explicitly encourage doubt and dissent. 
D)  help members focus on being team players.

Question 6

Which of the following is a situation that increases the likelihood someone will act altruistically?

Accepted Answer

A)  No one is actually in danger or in need of help. 
B)  He or she becomes entrapped by previous actions. 
C)  He or she is the only person willing to act. 
D)  There are no situational factors that increase altruistic behavior. 
A)  No one is actually in danger or in need of help. 
B)  He or she becomes entrapped by previous actions. 
C)  He or she is the only person willing to act. 
D)  There are no situational factors that increase altruistic behavior.

Question 7

______ reflects a behavioral expression of prejudice: a reluctance to get too close to another group.

Accepted Answer

A)  Personal space 
B)  Social distance 
C)  Cultural space 
D)  Discrimination distance 
A)  Personal space 
B)  Social distance 
C)  Cultural space 
D)  Discrimination distance

Question 8

Solomon Asch designed his famous conformity studies in order to see what people would do when a group unanimously contradicted an obvious fact.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The Robbers Cave experiment showed that:

Accepted Answer

A)  playing athletic games, such as football and baseball, reduces us-them hostility. 
B)  watching movies together, and similar quiet interactions, reduces us-them hostility. 
C)  engaging in mutually exciting activities, such as tug or war, reduces us-them hostility. 
D)  interdependence in reaching mutual goals reduces us-them hostility. 
A)  playing athletic games, such as football and baseball, reduces us-them hostility. 
B)  watching movies together, and similar quiet interactions, reduces us-them hostility. 
C)  engaging in mutually exciting activities, such as tug or war, reduces us-them hostility. 
D)  interdependence in reaching mutual goals reduces us-them hostility.

Question 10

The Stanford prison study demonstrates how a person's ________ affect(s) behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  beliefs 
B)  values 
C)  role 
D)  past experience 
A)  beliefs 
B)  values 
C)  role 
D)  past experience

Question 11

Altruism is the willingness to take selfless or dangerous action on behalf of others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Researchers in the area of ________ examine how people's perception of themselves and others affect their relationships.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalysis 
B)  sociobiology 
C)  social cognition 
D)  experimental psychology 
A)  psychoanalysis 
B)  sociobiology 
C)  social cognition 
D)  experimental psychology

Question 13

Angela is a participant in a replication of a very famous psychology experiment. Along with seven other students seated in a room, she is shown a 10-inch test line, and then everyone takes turns identifying another line that matches the test line in length (choosing from a set of three lines). The experimenter is interested in studying:

Accepted Answer

A)  visual perception. 
B)  depth perception. 
C)  absolute threshold. 
D)  conformity. 
A)  visual perception. 
B)  depth perception. 
C)  absolute threshold. 
D)  conformity.

Question 14

The familiarity effect is the tendency of people to:

Accepted Answer

A)  be unable to distinguish between actual experiences and what they have been told. 
B)  believe that a statement is true simply because it has been repeated a number of times. 
C)  feel more positive toward a person, item, product, or other stimulus that they have seen often. 
D)  overestimate their abilities to have predicted an event once the outcome is known. 
A)  be unable to distinguish between actual experiences and what they have been told. 
B)  believe that a statement is true simply because it has been repeated a number of times. 
C)  feel more positive toward a person, item, product, or other stimulus that they have seen often. 
D)  overestimate their abilities to have predicted an event once the outcome is known.

Question 15

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  they exaggerate differences between groups. 
B)  they exaggerate differences within stereotyped groups. 
C)  they increase awareness of evidence that contradicts stereotypes. 
D)  they make it seem like groups are different, when in reality, most groups are exactly the same. 
A)  they exaggerate differences between groups. 
B)  they exaggerate differences within stereotyped groups. 
C)  they increase awareness of evidence that contradicts stereotypes. 
D)  they make it seem like groups are different, when in reality, most groups are exactly the same.

Question 16

A state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive dissonance. 
B)  the fundamental attribution error. 
C)  the validity effect. 
D)  deindividuation. 
A)  cognitive dissonance. 
B)  the fundamental attribution error. 
C)  the validity effect. 
D)  deindividuation.

Question 17

Entrapment is a state of tension that occurs when a person's belief is incongruent with his or her behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

The belief that one's own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others is called the self-serving bias.

The belief that one's own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others is called:

Which of the following increased the likelihood that participants would disobey in Milgram's obedience study?

Research suggests that you are more likely to:

Groupthink can be counteracted by creating conditions that:

Which of the following is a situation that increases the likelihood someone will act altruistically?

______ reflects a behavioral expression of prejudice: a reluctance to get too close to another group.

Solomon Asch designed his famous conformity studies in order to see what people would do when a group unanimously contradicted an obvious fact.

The Robbers Cave experiment showed that:

The Stanford prison study demonstrates how a person's ________ affect(s) behavior.

Altruism is the willingness to take selfless or dangerous action on behalf of others.

Researchers in the area of ________ examine how people's perception of themselves and others affect their relationships.

The familiarity effect is the tendency of people to:

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

A state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent is known as:

Entrapment is a state of tension that occurs when a person's belief is incongruent with his or her behavior.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 8: Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

The belief that one's own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others is called the self-serving bias.

The belief that one's own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others is called:

Which of the following increased the likelihood that participants would disobey in Milgram's obedience study?

Research suggests that you are more likely to:

Groupthink can be counteracted by creating conditions that:

Which of the following is a situation that increases the likelihood someone will act altruistically?

______ reflects a behavioral expression of prejudice: a reluctance to get too close to another group.

Solomon Asch designed his famous conformity studies in order to see what people would do when a group unanimously contradicted an obvious fact.

The Robbers Cave experiment showed that:

The Stanford prison study demonstrates how a person's ________ affect(s) behavior.

Altruism is the willingness to take selfless or dangerous action on behalf of others.

Researchers in the area of ________ examine how people's perception of themselves and others affect their relationships.

The familiarity effect is the tendency of people to:

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

A state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent is known as:

Entrapment is a state of tension that occurs when a person's belief is incongruent with his or her behavior.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters