Question 1

Asch proposed that the difference of a single trait could cause formation of an entirely different impression.What is this hypothesis called?

Accepted Answer

A)  the change of meaning hypothesis 
B)  the power of one hypothesis. 
C)  the primacy hypothesis 
D)  the recency hypothesis 
A)  the change of meaning hypothesis 
B)  the power of one hypothesis. 
C)  the primacy hypothesis 
D)  the recency hypothesis

Question 2

Shannon observes Derek succeed at a task.Shannon believes that Derek's success was caused by luck and the fact that the task was very easy.What does Shannon's belief illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  a defensive attribution 
B)  a situational attribution 
C)  a personal attribution 
D)  a correspondent inference 
A)  a defensive attribution 
B)  a situational attribution 
C)  a personal attribution 
D)  a correspondent inference

Question 3

What does the trait negativity bias refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)  the tendency for people to view others' traits more negatively than their own 
B)  the tendency for moderately favourable traits to negatively impact the favourability of overall impressions 
C)  the tendency for negative impressions to become more positive over time 
D)  the tendency for negative trait information to have a greater impact on impressions 
A)  the tendency for people to view others' traits more negatively than their own 
B)  the tendency for moderately favourable traits to negatively impact the favourability of overall impressions 
C)  the tendency for negative impressions to become more positive over time 
D)  the tendency for negative trait information to have a greater impact on impressions

Question 4

Susan is a new reporter who has been asked to conduct an interview with an up-and-coming Hollywood celebrity.In which of the following situations is Susan most likely to produce an unbiased interview?

Accepted Answer

A)  if she has not yet formed an impression of the person and is allowed to develop her own interview questions 
B)  if she has already formed an impression of the person and is allowed to develop her own interview questions 
C)  if she has not yet formed an impression of the person and is given the questions to ask in the interview 
D)  if she has already formed an impression of the person and is given the questions to ask in the interview 
A)  if she has not yet formed an impression of the person and is allowed to develop her own interview questions 
B)  if she has already formed an impression of the person and is allowed to develop her own interview questions 
C)  if she has not yet formed an impression of the person and is given the questions to ask in the interview 
D)  if she has already formed an impression of the person and is given the questions to ask in the interview

Question 5

What did Forgas and Bower's (1987)research on mood demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  that good moods can lead to more negative perceptions of others,particularly among individuals high in need for closure 
B)  that good moods can lead to more negative perceptions of others,particularly when the mood is induced by an unexpected surprise 
C)  that good moods can lead to more positive perceptions of others,particularly among individuals skilled at making correspondent inferences 
D)  that good moods can lead to more positive perceptions of others,particularly when judging others who require more effort to be understood 
A)  that good moods can lead to more negative perceptions of others,particularly among individuals high in need for closure 
B)  that good moods can lead to more negative perceptions of others,particularly when the mood is induced by an unexpected surprise 
C)  that good moods can lead to more positive perceptions of others,particularly among individuals skilled at making correspondent inferences 
D)  that good moods can lead to more positive perceptions of others,particularly when judging others who require more effort to be understood

Question 6

Which of the following is most consistent with the finding that moderately positive traits can dilute the impact of extremely positive traits on impressions??

Accepted Answer

A)  the role of central traits in impression formation 
B)  the influence of priming effects in impression formation 
C)  the averaging model of impression formation 
D)  the summation model of impression formation 
A)  the role of central traits in impression formation 
B)  the influence of priming effects in impression formation 
C)  the averaging model of impression formation 
D)  the summation model of impression formation

Question 7

Describe the self-fulfilling prophecy.What factors can help prevent a self-fulfilling prophecy from occurring?

Accepted Answer

The self-fulfilling prophecy is the proc

Question 8

Vernell is being interviewed for a job.Though it isn't really true,the interviewer suspects that Vernell is incompetent.Because the interviewer doesn't expect much from Vernell,he sits far away from her during the interview,interrupts her frequently,and seems distracted when she speaks.As a result,she becomes nervous,starts to stutter,and loses her train of thought several times.The interviewer's final impression is that Vernell is,as he suspected,incompetent.Which of the following is the most likely cause of his impression?

Accepted Answer

A)  the trait negativity bias 
B)  a self-fulfilling prophecy 
C)  primacy effects 
D)  the fundamental attribution error 
A)  the trait negativity bias 
B)  a self-fulfilling prophecy 
C)  primacy effects 
D)  the fundamental attribution error

Question 9

If you saw a man spanking his child,you might decide that the man was an aggressive person.The man,however,is likely to see his behaviour as a response to the child's misdeeds.What do these differing perceptions reflect?

Accepted Answer

A)  the fundamental attribution error 
B)  the confirmation bias 
C)  the trait negativity bias 
D)  the actor-observer effect 
A)  the fundamental attribution error 
B)  the confirmation bias 
C)  the trait negativity bias 
D)  the actor-observer effect

Question 10

What do psychologists call behaviour that communicates a person's feelings without words?

Accepted Answer

A)  scripted behaviour 
B)  fine-unit behaviour 
C)  perceptually salient behaviour 
D)  nonverbal behaviour 
A)  scripted behaviour 
B)  fine-unit behaviour 
C)  perceptually salient behaviour 
D)  nonverbal behaviour

Question 11

When is priming more likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Priming is more likely when people are aware of the exposure. 
B)  Priming is more likely to occur as we first learn about a person.. 
C)  Priming is more likely in our delayed responses.. 
D)  Priming is more likely in our immediate responses. 
A)  Priming is more likely when people are aware of the exposure. 
B)  Priming is more likely to occur as we first learn about a person.. 
C)  Priming is more likely in our delayed responses.. 
D)  Priming is more likely in our immediate responses.

Question 12

To detect deception,which of the following channels of communication should you attend to?

Accepted Answer

A)  eye contact 
B)  body posture 
C)  speech pitch 
D)  facial expression 
A)  eye contact 
B)  body posture 
C)  speech pitch 
D)  facial expression

Question 13

What is the primacy effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  the tendency for people's impressions of others to be influenced by their memory of events that have just recently occurred 
B)  the tendency for perceivers to choose to make personal versus situational attributions as a function of which type is initially available 
C)  the tendency for people to first make situational attributions and then,only later,to insufficiently correct these attributions so as to take dispositions into account 
D)  the tendency for people's impressions of others to be more affected by information that is learned early rather than late in a sequence 
A)  the tendency for people's impressions of others to be influenced by their memory of events that have just recently occurred 
B)  the tendency for perceivers to choose to make personal versus situational attributions as a function of which type is initially available 
C)  the tendency for people to first make situational attributions and then,only later,to insufficiently correct these attributions so as to take dispositions into account 
D)  the tendency for people's impressions of others to be more affected by information that is learned early rather than late in a sequence

Question 14

Hall and colleagues' (2005)investigated the influence of social status on the initiation of touching behaviour.What did they find?

Accepted Answer

A)  Though high-status individuals do not initiate more touching,they maintain the contact longer than do low-status individuals. 
B)  Social status does not predict the initiation of touching. 
C)  Higher-status individuals initiate more touching. 
D)  Lower-status individuals initiate more touching. 
A)  Though high-status individuals do not initiate more touching,they maintain the contact longer than do low-status individuals. 
B)  Social status does not predict the initiation of touching. 
C)  Higher-status individuals initiate more touching. 
D)  Lower-status individuals initiate more touching.

Question 15

Reena meets Rachael for the first time.Rachael is perceived as smart,funny,and sociable,but rude.Although Reena perceived Rachael to have many good qualities,her rudeness outweighed them,and Reena forms an unfavourable impression of Rachael.Which of the following does this scenario illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  the implicit personality theory 
B)  the trait negativity bias 
C)  the summation model of impression formation 
D)  the primacy effect 
A)  the implicit personality theory 
B)  the trait negativity bias 
C)  the summation model of impression formation 
D)  the primacy effect

Question 16

Hassin and Trope's (2000)study of physiognomy found that participants assigned traits to others based on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  their hairstyle 
B)  their facial features 
C)  their perceived age 
D)  their perceived race 
A)  their hairstyle 
B)  their facial features 
C)  their perceived age 
D)  their perceived race

Question 17

What kind of events are people are most likely to search for explanations for?

Accepted Answer

A)  expected events 
B)  positive events 
C)  personally relevant events 
D)  repeated but ordinary events 
A)  expected events 
B)  positive events 
C)  personally relevant events 
D)  repeated but ordinary events

Question 18

In which of the following situations would the false-consensus effect be strongest?

Accepted Answer

A)  when predicting the behaviour of out-groups 
B)  when we bring to mind the attitudes of people we like 
C)  when the actual percentage of others who agree is low 
D)  when asking about behaviours rather than opinions 
A)  when predicting the behaviour of out-groups 
B)  when we bring to mind the attitudes of people we like 
C)  when the actual percentage of others who agree is low 
D)  when asking about behaviours rather than opinions

Question 19

Which of the following is the best example of a self-fulfilling prophecy?

Accepted Answer

A)  when poor school children are expected to perform less well than wealthy school children 
B)  when the whistling of someone diagnosed with schizophrenia is interpreted as being abnormal 
C)  when minority candidates perform more poorly in interviews because interviewers act on their expectations that these candidates are unprepared 
D)  when people focus on the first information they have about another individual when making an impression 
A)  when poor school children are expected to perform less well than wealthy school children 
B)  when the whistling of someone diagnosed with schizophrenia is interpreted as being abnormal 
C)  when minority candidates perform more poorly in interviews because interviewers act on their expectations that these candidates are unprepared 
D)  when people focus on the first information they have about another individual when making an impression

Question 20

How are counterfactual thinking and mood related?

Accepted Answer

A)  Negative mood prompts counterfactual thoughts about how much worse things could have been. 
B)  Positive mood prompts counterfactual thoughts about how much better things could have been. 
C)  Counterfactual thoughts can influence how we feel about an event. 
D)  The things we fail to do are more likely to prompt counterfactual thoughts than the things we do. 
A)  Negative mood prompts counterfactual thoughts about how much worse things could have been. 
B)  Positive mood prompts counterfactual thoughts about how much better things could have been. 
C)  Counterfactual thoughts can influence how we feel about an event. 
D)  The things we fail to do are more likely to prompt counterfactual thoughts than the things we do.

Asch proposed that the difference of a single trait could cause formation of an entirely different impression.What is this hypothesis called?

Shannon observes Derek succeed at a task.Shannon believes that Derek's success was caused by luck and the fact that the task was very easy.What does Shannon's belief illustrate?

What does the trait negativity bias refer to?

Susan is a new reporter who has been asked to conduct an interview with an up-and-coming Hollywood celebrity.In which of the following situations is Susan most likely to produce an unbiased interview?

What did Forgas and Bower's (1987)research on mood demonstrate?

Which of the following is most consistent with the finding that moderately positive traits can dilute the impact of extremely positive traits on impressions??

Describe the self-fulfilling prophecy.What factors can help prevent a self-fulfilling prophecy from occurring?

If you saw a man spanking his child,you might decide that the man was an aggressive person.The man,however,is likely to see his behaviour as a response to the child's misdeeds.What do these differing perceptions reflect?

What do psychologists call behaviour that communicates a person's feelings without words?

When is priming more likely to occur?

To detect deception,which of the following channels of communication should you attend to?

What is the primacy effect?

Hall and colleagues' (2005)investigated the influence of social status on the initiation of touching behaviour.What did they find?

Reena meets Rachael for the first time.Rachael is perceived as smart,funny,and sociable,but rude.Although Reena perceived Rachael to have many good qualities,her rudeness outweighed them,and Reena forms an unfavourable impression of Rachael.Which of the following does this scenario illustrate?

Hassin and Trope's (2000)study of physiognomy found that participants assigned traits to others based on which of the following?

What kind of events are people are most likely to search for explanations for?

In which of the following situations would the false-consensus effect be strongest?

Which of the following is the best example of a self-fulfilling prophecy?

How are counterfactual thinking and mood related?

Introduction

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Stereotypes,prejudice,and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Health

Filters

Exam 4: Perceiving Persons

Asch proposed that the difference of a single trait could cause formation of an entirely different impression.What is this hypothesis called?

Shannon observes Derek succeed at a task.Shannon believes that Derek's success was caused by luck and the fact that the task was very easy.What does Shannon's belief illustrate?

What does the trait negativity bias refer to?

Susan is a new reporter who has been asked to conduct an interview with an up-and-coming Hollywood celebrity.In which of the following situations is Susan most likely to produce an unbiased interview?

What did Forgas and Bower's (1987)research on mood demonstrate?

Which of the following is most consistent with the finding that moderately positive traits can dilute the impact of extremely positive traits on impressions??

Describe the self-fulfilling prophecy.What factors can help prevent a self-fulfilling prophecy from occurring?

If you saw a man spanking his child,you might decide that the man was an aggressive person.The man,however,is likely to see his behaviour as a response to the child's misdeeds.What do these differing perceptions reflect?

What do psychologists call behaviour that communicates a person's feelings without words?

When is priming more likely to occur?

To detect deception,which of the following channels of communication should you attend to?

What is the primacy effect?

Hall and colleagues' (2005)investigated the influence of social status on the initiation of touching behaviour.What did they find?

Reena meets Rachael for the first time.Rachael is perceived as smart,funny,and sociable,but rude.Although Reena perceived Rachael to have many good qualities,her rudeness outweighed them,and Reena forms an unfavourable impression of Rachael.Which of the following does this scenario illustrate?

Hassin and Trope's (2000)study of physiognomy found that participants assigned traits to others based on which of the following?

What kind of events are people are most likely to search for explanations for?

In which of the following situations would the false-consensus effect be strongest?

Which of the following is the best example of a self-fulfilling prophecy?

How are counterfactual thinking and mood related?

Introduction

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Stereotypes,prejudice,and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Health

Filters