Question 1

Why is DNA replication called "semiconservative"?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA is replicated,with one copy composed of the original molecule and one copy newly synthesized. 
B)  DNA is replicated,each copy having one strand of the original molecule and one newly synthesized strand. 
C)  DNA is replicated,each copy having one strand of DNA and one strand of RNA containing uracil. 
D)  DNA is replicated,the process following strict base-pairing rules where A pairs with T and C pairs with G. 
E)  DNA is replicated,the process always proceeding in a 5' to 3' direction and driven by polymerase molecules. 
A)  DNA is replicated,with one copy composed of the original molecule and one copy newly synthesized. 
B)  DNA is replicated,each copy having one strand of the original molecule and one newly synthesized strand. 
C)  DNA is replicated,each copy having one strand of DNA and one strand of RNA containing uracil. 
D)  DNA is replicated,the process following strict base-pairing rules where A pairs with T and C pairs with G. 
E)  DNA is replicated,the process always proceeding in a 5' to 3' direction and driven by polymerase molecules.

Question 2

What characteristic do the plant-like protists share?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have cells specialized for various tasks. 
B)  They develop seeds when reproducing. 
C)  They produce roots,stems,and leaves. 
D)  They are able to photosynthesize. 
E)  They are unable to move from place to place. 
A)  They have cells specialized for various tasks. 
B)  They develop seeds when reproducing. 
C)  They produce roots,stems,and leaves. 
D)  They are able to photosynthesize. 
E)  They are unable to move from place to place.

Question 3

Which statement best summarizes the law of conservation of energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Energy is lost when it changes from one form to another. 
B)  The total energy of a system is constantly decreasing. 
C)  Energy changes forms and is neither created nor destroyed. 
D)  Energy is created when it changes from one form to another. 
E)  Energy should be conserved since it is lost once destroyed. 
A)  Energy is lost when it changes from one form to another. 
B)  The total energy of a system is constantly decreasing. 
C)  Energy changes forms and is neither created nor destroyed. 
D)  Energy is created when it changes from one form to another. 
E)  Energy should be conserved since it is lost once destroyed.

Question 4

Select statements that describe the function of specific neurotransmitters.Select the THREE answers that are correct.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dopamine regulates emotions and anxiety. 
B)  Serotonin regulates appetite and sleep. 
C)  Dopamine is involved in addiction. 
D)  Acetylcholine is involved in muscle contraction. 
E)  Serotonin has reward system function. 
A)  Dopamine regulates emotions and anxiety. 
B)  Serotonin regulates appetite and sleep. 
C)  Dopamine is involved in addiction. 
D)  Acetylcholine is involved in muscle contraction. 
E)  Serotonin has reward system function.

Question 5

Why is sample size important?

Accepted Answer

A)  Statistical significance is best achieved with a small sample size. 
B)  Larger sample size increases the likelihood that the results of a study are not due to random chance. 
C)  Relationships between variables can be determined only using a large sample size. 
D)  Researchers will always draw the right conclusions about a set of data if the sample size is large enough. 
E)  Legitimate scientific studies can be performed using only a large sample size. 
A)  Statistical significance is best achieved with a small sample size. 
B)  Larger sample size increases the likelihood that the results of a study are not due to random chance. 
C)  Relationships between variables can be determined only using a large sample size. 
D)  Researchers will always draw the right conclusions about a set of data if the sample size is large enough. 
E)  Legitimate scientific studies can be performed using only a large sample size.

Question 6

A patient has a mutated BRCA2 gene and a normal BRCA1 gene.Select the TWO answers that are correct.

Accepted Answer

A)  The patient has a greater risk of developing ovarian cancer and a lesser risk of developing breast cancer than a patient with normal BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. 
B)  The patient has a lesser risk of developing ovarian or breast cancer than a patient with normal BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. 
C)  The patient has a greater risk of developing breast cancer and a lesser risk of developing ovarian cancer than a patient with normal BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. 
D)  The patient has a lesser risk of developing ovarian or breast cancer than a patient with a normal BRCA2 gene and a mutated BRCA1 gene. 
E)  The patient has an increased risk of developing ovarian or breast cancer than a patient with normal BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. 
A)  The patient has a greater risk of developing ovarian cancer and a lesser risk of developing breast cancer than a patient with normal BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. 
B)  The patient has a lesser risk of developing ovarian or breast cancer than a patient with normal BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. 
C)  The patient has a greater risk of developing breast cancer and a lesser risk of developing ovarian cancer than a patient with normal BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. 
D)  The patient has a lesser risk of developing ovarian or breast cancer than a patient with a normal BRCA2 gene and a mutated BRCA1 gene. 
E)  The patient has an increased risk of developing ovarian or breast cancer than a patient with normal BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.

Question 7

Which bacteria are pathogenic? Select the TWO answers that are correct.

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria that make wine 
B)  Lactobacillus bulgaricus 
C)  Klebsiella pneumoniae 
D)  bacteria that make yogurt 
E)  Escherichia coli 
A)  bacteria that make wine 
B)  Lactobacillus bulgaricus 
C)  Klebsiella pneumoniae 
D)  bacteria that make yogurt 
E)  Escherichia coli

Question 8

Why are nucleic acids considered macromolecules but not macronutrients?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can be assembled into large molecules,but organisms need only small quantities of them in the diet. 
B)  They can be assembled into DNA or RNA,but organisms cannot break them down into their constituent parts. 
C)  They can be assembled into large molecules,but they do not serve as an energy source. 
D)  They can be assembled into large proteins,but organisms require only small amounts of them in the diet. 
E)  They can be assembled into DNA or RNA,but they are smaller than amino acids,carbohydrates,or lipids. 
A)  They can be assembled into large molecules,but organisms need only small quantities of them in the diet. 
B)  They can be assembled into DNA or RNA,but organisms cannot break them down into their constituent parts. 
C)  They can be assembled into large molecules,but they do not serve as an energy source. 
D)  They can be assembled into large proteins,but organisms require only small amounts of them in the diet. 
E)  They can be assembled into DNA or RNA,but they are smaller than amino acids,carbohydrates,or lipids.

Question 9

Select the statement that describes how an organism's fitness level and environment relate to one another.

Accepted Answer

A)  The more suitable an environment is for an organism's phenotype,the higher the organism's fitness level. 
B)  An organism with a particular fitness level in one environment has the same fitness level in every environment. 
C)  The less suitable an environment is for an organism's phenotype,the higher the organism's fitness level. 
D)  The more suitable an environment is for an organism's phenotype,the lower the organism's fitness level. 
E)  The suitability of an environment for an organism's phenotype has no relation to the organism's fitness level. 
A)  The more suitable an environment is for an organism's phenotype,the higher the organism's fitness level. 
B)  An organism with a particular fitness level in one environment has the same fitness level in every environment. 
C)  The less suitable an environment is for an organism's phenotype,the higher the organism's fitness level. 
D)  The more suitable an environment is for an organism's phenotype,the lower the organism's fitness level. 
E)  The suitability of an environment for an organism's phenotype has no relation to the organism's fitness level.

Question 10

What is the primary role of capillaries?

Accepted Answer

A)  carrying blood to the lungs 
B)  increasing blood flow 
C)  carrying oxygen-poor blood 
D)  exchanging nutrients and gasses 
E)  carrying blood to the heart 
A)  carrying blood to the lungs 
B)  increasing blood flow 
C)  carrying oxygen-poor blood 
D)  exchanging nutrients and gasses 
E)  carrying blood to the heart

Question 11

Researchers often use mice to evaluate potential medications for treating human disease.If a medication is successful in the mouse model,it then must be further tested in human clinical trials.Which of the following best explains why clinical trials are necessary?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mice and humans have very different biochemistries. 
B)  Mice and humans live in different environments. 
C)  Mice are much smaller than humans. 
D)  Mice and humans have only 80% genetic similarity. 
E)  Mice and humans evolved independently of one another. 
A)  Mice and humans have very different biochemistries. 
B)  Mice and humans live in different environments. 
C)  Mice are much smaller than humans. 
D)  Mice and humans have only 80% genetic similarity. 
E)  Mice and humans evolved independently of one another.

Question 12

Why are arthropods considered the most successful type of animal on Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)  They live longer than members of any other group of animals. 
B)  They are the group of animals with the greatest number of species. 
C)  They were the first animals to appear on Earth. 
D)  They can photosynthesize as well as gather food. 
E)  They evade predators better than other groups of animals are able to. 
A)  They live longer than members of any other group of animals. 
B)  They are the group of animals with the greatest number of species. 
C)  They were the first animals to appear on Earth. 
D)  They can photosynthesize as well as gather food. 
E)  They evade predators better than other groups of animals are able to.

Question 13

What is the end result of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  diploid eggs 
B)  diploid sperm 
C)  diploid gametes 
D)  haploid gametes 
E)  haploid zygotes 
A)  diploid eggs 
B)  diploid sperm 
C)  diploid gametes 
D)  haploid gametes 
E)  haploid zygotes

Question 14

Select the scenarios that show how an organism's fitness is dependent on the environment.Select the TWO answers that are correct.

Accepted Answer

A)  A population of field mice in the forest has lower survival rates than the population in the state park. 
B)  A frog lives in the soft mud of the lake where an abundance of food,water,and shelter is found. 
C)  A butterfly living in a wildflower field has higher reproduction rates than the same butterfly living in a wooded area. 
D)  A female lizard living in the desert of the Southwest lays a clutch of eggs in a hole in the sand. 
E)  Red-headed woodpeckers and goldfinches inhabit the woods nearby a pond in the countryside. 
A)  A population of field mice in the forest has lower survival rates than the population in the state park. 
B)  A frog lives in the soft mud of the lake where an abundance of food,water,and shelter is found. 
C)  A butterfly living in a wildflower field has higher reproduction rates than the same butterfly living in a wooded area. 
D)  A female lizard living in the desert of the Southwest lays a clutch of eggs in a hole in the sand. 
E)  Red-headed woodpeckers and goldfinches inhabit the woods nearby a pond in the countryside.

Question 15

What products of aerobic respiration are used in photosynthesis? Select the TWO answers that are correct.

Accepted Answer

A)  NADH 
B)  lactic acid 
C)  oxygen 
D)  water 
E)  carbon dioxide 
A)  NADH 
B)  lactic acid 
C)  oxygen 
D)  water 
E)  carbon dioxide

Question 16

What are the functions of the protein ends of spidroin? Select the THREE answers that are correct.

Accepted Answer

A)  stability in water 
B)  confer flexibility 
C)  secretion from the cell 
D)  enhance protein strength 
E)  assembly into silk-fibers 
A)  stability in water 
B)  confer flexibility 
C)  secretion from the cell 
D)  enhance protein strength 
E)  assembly into silk-fibers

Question 17

A DNA sequence reads ATCAGCTA.Select the mRNA sequence that would correspond with this DNA sequence.

Accepted Answer

A)  UAGUCGAU 
B)  TCGTCGGT 
C)  TAGTCGAT 
D)  UATUCTAU 
E)  UGGTCGAU 
A)  UAGUCGAU 
B)  TCGTCGGT 
C)  TAGTCGAT 
D)  UATUCTAU 
E)  UGGTCGAU

Question 18

How are proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes different?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proto-oncogenes identify and correct cancer-causing mutations in DNA,and tumor suppressor genes attack irregular cell masses using the immune system. 
B)  Proto-oncogenes halt cell division when DNA contains damage or errors,and tumor suppressor genes promote properly-timed cell division. 
C)  Proto-oncogenes promote DNA repair when errors are detected,and tumor suppressor genes promote DNA synthesis when a sequence is error free. 
D)  Proto-oncogenes cause cancer by failing to correct errors of DNA synthesis,and tumor suppressor genes cause cancer by promoting unregulated cell division. 
E)  Proto-oncogenes promote cell division when a cell is ready,and tumor suppressor genes halt cell division when a DNA sequence needs correction or repair. 
A)  Proto-oncogenes identify and correct cancer-causing mutations in DNA,and tumor suppressor genes attack irregular cell masses using the immune system. 
B)  Proto-oncogenes halt cell division when DNA contains damage or errors,and tumor suppressor genes promote properly-timed cell division. 
C)  Proto-oncogenes promote DNA repair when errors are detected,and tumor suppressor genes promote DNA synthesis when a sequence is error free. 
D)  Proto-oncogenes cause cancer by failing to correct errors of DNA synthesis,and tumor suppressor genes cause cancer by promoting unregulated cell division. 
E)  Proto-oncogenes promote cell division when a cell is ready,and tumor suppressor genes halt cell division when a DNA sequence needs correction or repair.

Question 19

What can CRISPR do to genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  proofread a newly copied gene 
B)  create a novel gene 
C)  produce many copies of a gene 
D)  insert a foreign gene 
E)  alter or cut out an existing gene 
A)  proofread a newly copied gene 
B)  create a novel gene 
C)  produce many copies of a gene 
D)  insert a foreign gene 
E)  alter or cut out an existing gene

Question 20

What benefits does the practice of treating unripe fruit with ethylene provide for fruit growers? Select the TWO answers that are correct.

Accepted Answer

A)  The fruit can be picked unripe so it is less likely to be damaged during shipping. 
B)  Unripe fruit can be made to ripen right before it is sold at its destination. 
C)  The plant stores more sugars in the unripe fruit making the fruit sweeter. 
D)  Fruit picked unripened can withstand low temperatures in long-term storage. 
E)  The unripe fruit grows larger in less time before being harvested. 
A)  The fruit can be picked unripe so it is less likely to be damaged during shipping. 
B)  Unripe fruit can be made to ripen right before it is sold at its destination. 
C)  The plant stores more sugars in the unripe fruit making the fruit sweeter. 
D)  Fruit picked unripened can withstand low temperatures in long-term storage. 
E)  The unripe fruit grows larger in less time before being harvested.

Exam 33: A Range of Biology

Why is DNA replication called "semiconservative"?

What characteristic do the plant-like protists share?

Which statement best summarizes the law of conservation of energy?

Select statements that describe the function of specific neurotransmitters.Select the THREE answers that are correct.

Why is sample size important?

A patient has a mutated BRCA2 gene and a normal BRCA1 gene.Select the TWO answers that are correct.

Which bacteria are pathogenic? Select the TWO answers that are correct.

Why are nucleic acids considered macromolecules but not macronutrients?

Select the statement that describes how an organism's fitness level and environment relate to one another.

What is the primary role of capillaries?

Researchers often use mice to evaluate potential medications for treating human disease.If a medication is successful in the mouse model,it then must be further tested in human clinical trials.Which of the following best explains why clinical trials are necessary?

Why are arthropods considered the most successful type of animal on Earth?

What is the end result of meiosis?

Select the scenarios that show how an organism's fitness is dependent on the environment.Select the TWO answers that are correct.

What products of aerobic respiration are used in photosynthesis? Select the TWO answers that are correct.

What are the functions of the protein ends of spidroin? Select the THREE answers that are correct.

A DNA sequence reads ATCAGCTA.Select the mRNA sequence that would correspond with this DNA sequence.

How are proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes different?

What can CRISPR do to genes?

What benefits does the practice of treating unripe fruit with ethylene provide for fruit growers? Select the TWO answers that are correct.

Process of Science

Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Nutrition, Enzymes, Metabolism

Energy and Photosynthesis

Dietary Energy and Cellular Respiration

Genes to Proteins

DNA Structure and Replication

Cell Cycle and Cell Differentiation

Mutations and Cancer

Simple Inheritance and Meiosis

Complex Inheritance

Natural Selection and Adaptation

Nonadaptive Evolution and Speciation

Evidence for Evolution

Life on Earth

Prokaryotic Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Human Evolution

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystem Ecology

Sustainability

Plant Growth and Reproduction

Plant Physiology

Overview of Physiology

Digestive System

Cardiovascular System

Respiratory System

Central Nervous System

Reproductive System

Immune System

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