Question 1

The correct, chemically balanced equation for cellular respiration is:

Accepted Answer

A)  12CO2 + 6H2O + RADIANT ENERGY -> C6H12O6 + 12O2. 
B)  6CO2 +12H2O + RADIANT ENERGY →->C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2. 
C)  C6H12O6 + 12 H2O -> 6CO2 +12H2O + ENERGY. 
D)  12O2 + C6H12O6 + 12H2O -> 6CO2 + 12H2O + ENERGY. 
E)  6O2 + C6H12O6 + 6H2O -> 6CO2 + 12H2O + ENERGY. 
A)  12CO2 + 6H2O + RADIANT ENERGY -> C6H12O6 + 12O2. 
B)  6CO2 +12H2O + RADIANT ENERGY →->C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2. 
C)  C6H12O6 + 12 H2O -> 6CO2 +12H2O + ENERGY. 
D)  12O2 + C6H12O6 + 12H2O -> 6CO2 + 12H2O + ENERGY. 
E)  6O2 + C6H12O6 + 6H2O -> 6CO2 + 12H2O + ENERGY.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the main types of ecological pyramids?

Accepted Answer

A)  pyramid of consumption 
B)  pyramid of energy 
C)  pyramid of numbers 
D)  pyramid of biomass 
E)  None of these choices, all are types of ecological pyramids 
A)  pyramid of consumption 
B)  pyramid of energy 
C)  pyramid of numbers 
D)  pyramid of biomass 
E)  None of these choices, all are types of ecological pyramids

Question 3

A secondary consumer would eat:

Accepted Answer

A)  tertiary consumers. 
B)  fungi. 
C)  bacteria. 
D)  herbivores. 
E)  lions. 
A)  tertiary consumers. 
B)  fungi. 
C)  bacteria. 
D)  herbivores. 
E)  lions.

Question 4

Energy enters almost all ecosystems as…

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanical energy 
B)  recycled energy 
C)  potential energy 
D)  radiant energy 
E)  none of these choices are correct 
A)  mechanical energy 
B)  recycled energy 
C)  potential energy 
D)  radiant energy 
E)  none of these choices are correct

Question 5

Which of the following series is organized according to the levels of organization used by ecologists?

Accepted Answer

A)  population -> ecosystem -> community 
B)  species -> community -> abiotic factors 
C)  species -> ecosystem -> population 
D)  population -> community -> biotic factors 
E)  population -> community -> ecosystem 
A)  population -> ecosystem -> community 
B)  species -> community -> abiotic factors 
C)  species -> ecosystem -> population 
D)  population -> community -> biotic factors 
E)  population -> community -> ecosystem

Question 6

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The second law of thermodynamics predicts that although localized areas may temporarily increase in the degree of order, the overall randomness of the universe will not decrease. 
B)  Energy flow in ecosystems is linear, or one-way. 
C)  Photosynthesis converts the energy of the sun into stored chemical energy. 
D)  Cellular respiration converts carbohydrates into usable energy and heat. 
E)  Only about half the energy available in an organism is transferred to the consumer that eats it. 
A)  The second law of thermodynamics predicts that although localized areas may temporarily increase in the degree of order, the overall randomness of the universe will not decrease. 
B)  Energy flow in ecosystems is linear, or one-way. 
C)  Photosynthesis converts the energy of the sun into stored chemical energy. 
D)  Cellular respiration converts carbohydrates into usable energy and heat. 
E)  Only about half the energy available in an organism is transferred to the consumer that eats it.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a concern related to human impact on the Antarctic food web?

Accepted Answer

A)  global warming 
B)  commercial whaling 
C)  thinning of the ozone layer 
D)  harvesting krill 
E)  None of these choices, all are human impacts on the Antarctic 
A)  global warming 
B)  commercial whaling 
C)  thinning of the ozone layer 
D)  harvesting krill 
E)  None of these choices, all are human impacts on the Antarctic

Question 8

What are krill? Using appropriate terminology, discuss the role of krill in the Antarctic food web, and describe what has been happening to the population of these animals over that past 150 years and why. What has been the impact on this Antarctic ecosystem of human related change in the global environment?

Accepted Answer

Krill are tiny, shrimplike animals that

Question 9

Draw a flow chart to represent the organizational relationships between the following terms from the most inclusive to the least inclusive: ecosystem, population, species, community, and biosphere.

Accepted Answer

Biosphere -> ecosyst

Question 10

Decomposers are:

Accepted Answer

A)  consumers 
B)  bacteria 
C)  saprotrophs 
D)  fungi 
E)  all of these choices are correct 
A)  consumers 
B)  bacteria 
C)  saprotrophs 
D)  fungi 
E)  all of these choices are correct

Question 11

Detritivores, scavengers, and decomposers are similar in that they

Accepted Answer

A)  consume nonliving organic matter 
B)  are primarily microorganisms 
C)  are primarily producers 
D)  are among the Earth's least useful organisms 
E)  are found only in the water 
A)  consume nonliving organic matter 
B)  are primarily microorganisms 
C)  are primarily producers 
D)  are among the Earth's least useful organisms 
E)  are found only in the water

Question 12

Which of the following is one of the most productive ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

A)  swamps 
B)  agricultural land 
C)  boreal forests 
D)  open ocean 
E)  streams 
A)  swamps 
B)  agricultural land 
C)  boreal forests 
D)  open ocean 
E)  streams

Question 13

In human cells, energy utilization is about __________ efficient compared to an automobile engine, which is about ______ efficient.

Accepted Answer

A)  1% / 100% 
B)  10% / 50% 
C)  25% / 90% 
D)  40% / 25% 
E)  75% / 10% 
A)  1% / 100% 
B)  10% / 50% 
C)  25% / 90% 
D)  40% / 25% 
E)  75% / 10%

Question 14

An ecosystem can be characterized as:

Accepted Answer

A)  populations + community. 
B)  all species, population, and community interactions for organisms in a given area. 
C)  the abiotic components of the environment. 
D)  all of the biological interactions, plus interactions with the abiotic environment, in a given area. 
E)  interactions between physical processes and the abiotic environment. 
A)  populations + community. 
B)  all species, population, and community interactions for organisms in a given area. 
C)  the abiotic components of the environment. 
D)  all of the biological interactions, plus interactions with the abiotic environment, in a given area. 
E)  interactions between physical processes and the abiotic environment.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a closed system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Earth 
B)  ocean 
C)  desert 
D)  hydrothermal vent 
E)  None of these choices 
A)  Earth 
B)  ocean 
C)  desert 
D)  hydrothermal vent 
E)  None of these choices

Question 16

Briefly summarize the first and second laws of thermodynamics and then explain how each is applicable to the study of ecosystems and energy.

Accepted Answer

The first law of thermodynamics states t

Question 17

Net primary productivity represents:

Accepted Answer

A)  plant growth per unit area per unit time. 
B)  energy per unit area per unit time. 
C)  the energy available to herbivores. 
D)  amount of biomass found in excess of that broken down by a plant's cellular respiration. 
E)  All of these choices are correct 
A)  plant growth per unit area per unit time. 
B)  energy per unit area per unit time. 
C)  the energy available to herbivores. 
D)  amount of biomass found in excess of that broken down by a plant's cellular respiration. 
E)  All of these choices are correct

Question 18

All of the following refer to primary consumers except:

Accepted Answer

A)  carnivore. 
B)  consumers that eat autotrophs. 
C)  rabbits. 
D)  herbivores. 
E)  second trophic level. 
A)  carnivore. 
B)  consumers that eat autotrophs. 
C)  rabbits. 
D)  herbivores. 
E)  second trophic level.

Question 19

Which term encompasses the other four?

Accepted Answer

A)  community 
B)  population 
C)  species 
D)  biosphere 
E)  ecosystem 
A)  community 
B)  population 
C)  species 
D)  biosphere 
E)  ecosystem

Question 20

Define each component of the following equation and explain the equation in terms of energy available as food for an ecosystem's consumers.
Net primary productivity = gross primary productivity - plant cellular respiration

Accepted Answer

Gross primary productivity (GPP) of an e

Exam 3: Ecosystems and Energy

The correct, chemically balanced equation for cellular respiration is:

Which of the following is NOT one of the main types of ecological pyramids?

A secondary consumer would eat:

Energy enters almost all ecosystems as…

Which of the following series is organized according to the levels of organization used by ecologists?

Which of the following statements is false?

Which of the following is not a concern related to human impact on the Antarctic food web?

Draw a flow chart to represent the organizational relationships between the following terms from the most inclusive to the least inclusive: ecosystem, population, species, community, and biosphere.

Decomposers are:

Detritivores, scavengers, and decomposers are similar in that they

Which of the following is one of the most productive ecosystems?

In human cells, energy utilization is about __________ efficient compared to an automobile engine, which is about ______ efficient.

An ecosystem can be characterized as:

Which of the following is an example of a closed system?

Briefly summarize the first and second laws of thermodynamics and then explain how each is applicable to the study of ecosystems and energy.

Net primary productivity represents:

All of the following refer to primary consumers except:

Which term encompasses the other four?

Define each component of the following equation and explain the equation in terms of energy available as food for an ecosystem's consumers. Net primary productivity = gross primary productivity - plant cellular respiration

Introducing Environmental Science and Sustainability

Environmental Laws Economic and Ethics

Ecosystems and the Physical Environment

Ecosystems and Living Organisms

Major Ecosystems of the World

Human Health and Environmental Toxicology

The Human Population

The Urban World

Energy Consumption

Fossil Fuels

Renewable Energy and Nuclear Power

Water: a Limited Resource

Soil Resources

Mineral Resources

Biological Resources

Land Resources

Food Resources

Air Pollution

Global Climate Change

Water Pollution

Pest Management

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Tomorrows Word

Filters

In human cells, energy utilization is about ____ efficient compared to an automobile engine, which is about efficient.