Exam 5: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

According to Gauvain (2016) and Holzman (2017), Vygotsky's view of the importance of ________ on children's development fits with the current belief that it is important to evaluate the contextual factors in learning.

Describe four strategies suggested by Ellen Galinsky for using books effectively with preschool children.

Natalie is 4 years old. When she buttons her shirt, she talks to herself and describes the steps. This helps her in self-regulating and guiding her behavior. In the context of cognitive and physical development in early childhood, this scenario illustrates the concept of

Toby is three years old. His parents are concerned because he always runs and jumps around. He cannot sit still. Even when watching his favorite cartoon on TV, he fidgets and wiggles. It is especially frustrating for his parents when Toby does not sit still through dinner. Which of the following should Toby's parents do?

Wendy, a 4-year-old girl, decides to gift her father a teddy bear on his birthday because she likes teddy bears. She asks her elder brother to help her wrap the gift. She does not consider the fact that her father may not like the gift or have no use for it. In the context of cognitive development in early childhood, this scenario illustrates

Kristi works in a day-care center. She notices that Pablo, a 4-year-old boy, often indulges in private speech when doing any activity on his own. She has heard him talking to himself when solving puzzles. Kristi believes in Piaget's theory of cognitive development in children. After seeing Pablo's behavior, Kristi is likely to assume that Pablo's usage of private speech is

Which of the following is true of Head Start programs?

Six-year-old Patricia loves to draw pictures and describe them. Her ideas are more balanced now than earlier. She has started to analyze and understand things. However, she is egocentric and holds, what her parents describe as, "magical beliefs." Patricia is in Piaget's ________ stage of development.

In moving from Piaget to Vygotsky, the conceptual shift is one from

The zone of proximal development (ZPD) is Vygotsky's term for

Which of the following did Vygotsky call the "buds" or "flowers" of development?

Researchers have found that in children from 3 to 6 years of age the most rapid growth takes place in the ________ lobe areas of the brain.

In the context of theories of cognitive development, unlike Vygotsky, Piaget believed that ________.

Which of the following best describes the relation between centration and conservation?

"My computer does not like me. It keeps eating my pictures," says three-year-old Kimberly. This is an example of

In 1965, the federal government began an effort to break the cycle of poverty and substandard education for young children in the United States through

________ is based on knowledge of the typical progress of a child within an age span as well as the uniqueness of the child.

Irene is a 3-year-old girl. Her father takes her to a nearby park in the evening. In the context of the development of gross motor skills in children her age, identify an activity that Irene is mostly likely to do at the park.

According to Feeney, Moravcik, and Nolte (2019), Follari (2019), and Gestwicki (2017), competent early childhood programs should focus

Briefly state two criticisms leveled against Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development.