Exam 25: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

A 40-year-old pregnant woman is concerned about the health of her unborn child.She has phenylketonuria (PKU)and recently had a viral infection.If the child is born with a congenital heart defect, which of the following is the most likely based on the mother's history? (select all that apply)

A 22-year-old pregnant woman presents to her OB/GYN for a prenatal checkup.The fetal heartbeat sounds irregular, and a fetal echocardiogram reveals an atrioventricular canal (AVC)defect.This defect is the result of:

A 1-month-old infant visits his primary care provider for a well-baby check.Physical exam reveals decreased cardiac output, hypotension, tachycardia, and a loud murmur suggestive of aortic stenosis.Which condition would be expected with this diagnosis?

A newborn child is diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot.What symptoms would the nurse expect to observe in the child?

A 3-year-old male is diagnosed with Kawasaki disease.What is the most likely cause of Kawasaki disease?

A newborn develops a murmur and cyanosis shortly after birth.A diagnosis of pulmonic stenosis (PS)is made after an echocardiogram revealed narrowing of the pulmonary:

What is the most common type of congenital heart defect assessed for in infants?

An 8-week-old infant's well-baby check reveals a murmur, and an echocardiogram shows a large ventricular septal defect.If left untreated, what condition could develop?

When the pediatrician cardiologist discusses total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, which of the following statements BEST describes this condition?

An 8-week-old infant presents to the pediatrician for a well-baby checkup.Physical exam reveals a murmur, and an echocardiogram confirms a ventricular septal defect.Which genetic disorder is likely to accompany this diagnosis?

A newborn child has a murmur and is cyanotic.An echocardiogram reveals that the tricuspid valve failed to develop and so no blood flows between the right atrium and ventricle.This condition is described with the term tricuspid:

Intrauterine exposure to which factor could be responsible for a diagnosis of congenital heart disease?

What term is used to describe the patent opening between the aorta and pulmonary artery in a fetus?

A newborn child is diagnosed with trisomy 18.Which of the following congenital heart defects should the nurse assess for in the infant? (select all that apply)

An infant undergoes an echocardiogram for a suspected heart defect.Tests reveal an opening in the middle of the atrial septum.What term would the nurse use to describe this defect?

Coarctation of the aorta is the local narrowing of the aorta near the:

A 1-month-old infant was diagnosed with truncus arteriosus (TA)with a ventricular septal defect.This condition results in:

A newborn is severely cyanotic.An echocardiogram reveals transposition of the great arteries.What is the characteristic defect associated with this condition?

A 5-year-old female is found to have hypertension during three separate visits to her primary care provider.The nurse would expect tests to suggest that the hypertension is secondary to:

A 1-year-old female with a ventricular septal defect is experiencing left-sided heart failure.Which symptom will most likely occur?