Question 1

Class I MHC genes code for ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  certain secreted complement components 
B)  self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes 
C)  all HLA antigens 
D)  receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  certain secreted complement components 
B)  self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes 
C)  all HLA antigens 
D)  receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells 
E)  All of the choices are correct. B

Question 2

All nucleated cells contain ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  class I MHC 
B)  class II MHC 
C)  secretory antibodies 
D)  IgE receptors 
E)  IgM molecules 
A)  class I MHC 
B)  class II MHC 
C)  secretory antibodies 
D)  IgE receptors 
E)  IgM molecules A

Question 3

An example of artificial passive immunity would be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  chickenpox infection followed by lifelong immunity 
B)  chickenpox vaccine which triggers extended immunity to chickenpox 
C)  giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease 
D)  a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  chickenpox infection followed by lifelong immunity 
B)  chickenpox vaccine which triggers extended immunity to chickenpox 
C)  giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease 
D)  a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta 
E)  None of the choices are correct. C

Question 4

Which is incorrect about the Fc region of an immunoglobulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Is called the crystallizable fragment 
B)  Forms the antigen binding sites 
C)  Contains an effector molecule that can bind to cells such as macrophages and mast cells 
D)  Contains an effector molecule that can fix complement 
E)  Determines the class to which the immunoglobulin belongs 
A)  Is called the crystallizable fragment 
B)  Forms the antigen binding sites 
C)  Contains an effector molecule that can bind to cells such as macrophages and mast cells 
D)  Contains an effector molecule that can fix complement 
E)  Determines the class to which the immunoglobulin belongs

Question 5

Which of the following is not a target for TC cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria 
B)  Virus-infected cells 
C)  Cancer cells 
D)  Human transplanted liver 
E)  Pig transplanted heart 
A)  Bacteria 
B)  Virus-infected cells 
C)  Cancer cells 
D)  Human transplanted liver 
E)  Pig transplanted heart

Question 6

The immunoglobulin class that is the only one capable of crossing the placenta is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  IgA 
B)  IgD 
C)  IgE 
D)  IgG 
E)  IgM 
A)  IgA 
B)  IgD 
C)  IgE 
D)  IgG 
E)  IgM

Question 7

The morning after the vaccination, the patient's mother calls to report that the infant has developed a low-grade fever. She states, "I am afraid that he is developing meningitis from one of the vaccines, because he is also fussy." What is a proper response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)  I understand you are frightened. However, site pain and low fever are common side effects. You can help minimize both with acetaminophen, as the physician recommended. 
B)  Bring your son to the closest ER for evaluation. He may be experiencing a life-threatening reaction to the vaccines. 
C)  You sound upset. Please remember how harmless I told you vaccines were. 
D)  This fever and fussiness are probably from an unrelated illness. It is just a coincidence he received vaccinations around the same time as these symptoms presented. 
A)  I understand you are frightened. However, site pain and low fever are common side effects. You can help minimize both with acetaminophen, as the physician recommended. 
B)  Bring your son to the closest ER for evaluation. He may be experiencing a life-threatening reaction to the vaccines. 
C)  You sound upset. Please remember how harmless I told you vaccines were. 
D)  This fever and fussiness are probably from an unrelated illness. It is just a coincidence he received vaccinations around the same time as these symptoms presented.

Question 8

Which process involves antibodies cross-linking cells or particles into large aggregates?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutralization 
B)  Opsonization 
C)  Complement fixation 
D)  Agglutination 
E)  Anamnestic response 
A)  Neutralization 
B)  Opsonization 
C)  Complement fixation 
D)  Agglutination 
E)  Anamnestic response

Question 9

Small foreign molecules that are too small by themselves to elicit an immune response are termed ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  epitope 
B)  hapten 
C)  antigen binding site 
D)  variable region 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  epitope 
B)  hapten 
C)  antigen binding site 
D)  variable region 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 10

What type of cells secrete antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A)  B cells 
B)  Cytotoxic T cells 
C)  Plasma cells 
D)  Helper T cells 
E)  Antigen-presenting cells 
A)  B cells 
B)  Cytotoxic T cells 
C)  Plasma cells 
D)  Helper T cells 
E)  Antigen-presenting cells

Question 11

Which of the following statements is false regarding the development of specific immunity?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fourth stage of specific immunity involves the production of antibodies by B and T cells against the antigen that initiated the response. 
B)  The second stage in the development of specific immunity requires the antigen to be presented to the T cells on the surface of an APC. 
C)  During the third stage in the development of specific immunity, B and T cells are challenged by the antigen and respond by differentiating and proliferating. 
D)  The initiation of specific immunity involves the development of lymphocytes with the deletion of cells that would react to self molecules. 
A)  The fourth stage of specific immunity involves the production of antibodies by B and T cells against the antigen that initiated the response. 
B)  The second stage in the development of specific immunity requires the antigen to be presented to the T cells on the surface of an APC. 
C)  During the third stage in the development of specific immunity, B and T cells are challenged by the antigen and respond by differentiating and proliferating. 
D)  The initiation of specific immunity involves the development of lymphocytes with the deletion of cells that would react to self molecules.

Question 12

During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages and dendritic cells secrete the cytokine, ________, that activates T helper cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  interferon 
B)  interleukin-2 
C)  interleukin-1 
D)  histamine 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  interferon 
B)  interleukin-2 
C)  interleukin-1 
D)  histamine 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 13

When an antibody is covering a foreign microorganism, complement may be activated via the ________ pathway.

Accepted Answer

A)  classical 
B)  lectin 
C)  alternative 
D)  interleukin 
A)  classical 
B)  lectin 
C)  alternative 
D)  interleukin

Question 14

Helper T cells ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  secrete antibodies 
B)  function in allergic reactions 
C)  directly destroy target cells 
D)  suppress immune reactions 
E)  activate B cells and other T cells 
A)  secrete antibodies 
B)  function in allergic reactions 
C)  directly destroy target cells 
D)  suppress immune reactions 
E)  activate B cells and other T cells

Question 15

If the patient's mother had previously vaccinated her son against chickenpox, what form of immunity would he have had against the virus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Active natural immunity 
B)  Passive natural immunity 
C)  Active artificial immunity 
D)  Passive artificial immunity 
A)  Active natural immunity 
B)  Passive natural immunity 
C)  Active artificial immunity 
D)  Passive artificial immunity

Question 16

Acquired specific immunity involves the response of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  skin barriers 
B)  B and T lymphocytes 
C)  lysozyme 
D)  mucous membranes 
E)  interferon 
A)  skin barriers 
B)  B and T lymphocytes 
C)  lysozyme 
D)  mucous membranes 
E)  interferon

Question 17

Knowing that the causative organism for this patient's urinary tract infection, E. coli, has a lipopolysaccharide cell wall, which cells are being activated by this infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  T helper cells 
B)  T cytotoxic cells 
C)  Natural killer cells 
D)  B cells 
A)  T helper cells 
B)  T cytotoxic cells 
C)  Natural killer cells 
D)  B cells

Question 18

Activation of B cells occurs when antigen binds to B-cell surface immunoglobulin receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Class II MHC genes code for ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  certain secreted complement components 
B)  self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes 
C)  all HLA antigens 
D)  receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  certain secreted complement components 
B)  self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes 
C)  all HLA antigens 
D)  receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 20

Gamma globulin can be given as immunotherapy to confer artificial passive immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 13: Host Defenses Ii: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Class I MHC genes code for ________.

All nucleated cells contain ________.

An example of artificial passive immunity would be ________.

Which is incorrect about the Fc region of an immunoglobulin?

Which of the following is not a target for TC cells?

The immunoglobulin class that is the only one capable of crossing the placenta is ________.

The morning after the vaccination, the patient's mother calls to report that the infant has developed a low-grade fever. She states, "I am afraid that he is developing meningitis from one of the vaccines, because he is also fussy." What is a proper response by the nurse?

Which process involves antibodies cross-linking cells or particles into large aggregates?

Small foreign molecules that are too small by themselves to elicit an immune response are termed ________.

What type of cells secrete antibodies?

Which of the following statements is false regarding the development of specific immunity?

During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages and dendritic cells secrete the cytokine, ________, that activates T helper cells.

When an antibody is covering a foreign microorganism, complement may be activated via the ________ pathway.

Helper T cells ________.

If the patient's mother had previously vaccinated her son against chickenpox, what form of immunity would he have had against the virus?

Acquired specific immunity involves the response of ________.

Knowing that the causative organism for this patient's urinary tract infection, E. coli, has a lipopolysaccharide cell wall, which cells are being activated by this infection?

Activation of B cells occurs when antigen binds to B-cell surface immunoglobulin receptors.

Class II MHC genes code for ________.

Gamma globulin can be given as immunotherapy to confer artificial passive immunity.

Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing and Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

Viral Structure and Multiplication

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Genetics and Genetic Engineering

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Antimicrobial Treatment

Interactions Between Microbes and Humans

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

One Health: the Interconnected Health of the Environment, Humans, and Other Animals

Filters

Which of the following is not a target for T_C cells?