Question 1

Give an example of each of the following: element, biomolecule, macromolecule, metabolism, cell, organism, and ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

Any element from the periodic table is a

Question 2

For the figure below, label the 5 '  and 3 '  ends for each strand, the hydrogen bonds, and the pyrimidine and purine molecules, as well as the direction of polarity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For the figure below, label the 5...

Question 3

If the concentration of aspartate in the cell decreased, what would be the predicted outcome?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased concentration of argininosuccinate 
B)  decreased concentration of citrulline 
C)  decreased concentration of fumarate 
D)  increased concentration of arginine 
A)  increased concentration of argininosuccinate 
B)  decreased concentration of citrulline 
C)  decreased concentration of fumarate 
D)  increased concentration of arginine

Question 4

What is the maximum number of covalent bonds a carbon atom can make?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  8 
A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  8

Question 5

If energy in the form of ATP is required to make a polymeric macromolecule, which of the following will happen if there is no ATP available?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rate of polymer increases. 
B)  The polymer is broken down to release ATP. 
C)  The polymer continues to be made at the same rate. 
D)  The enzyme degrades to release ATP. 
A)  The rate of polymer increases. 
B)  The polymer is broken down to release ATP. 
C)  The polymer continues to be made at the same rate. 
D)  The enzyme degrades to release ATP.

Question 6

The main difference between deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides is that they have a different

Accepted Answer

A)  number of carbons in the sugar ring. 
B)  functional group on the 2 '  carbon. 
C)  number of phosphates on the 5 '  carbon. 
D)  functional group on the 3 '  carbon. 
A)  number of carbons in the sugar ring. 
B)  functional group on the 2 '  carbon. 
C)  number of phosphates on the 5 '  carbon. 
D)  functional group on the 3 '  carbon.

Question 7

The essential ions calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium are all

Accepted Answer

A)  anions. 
B)  cations. 
C)  transition metals. 
D)  halogens. 
A)  anions. 
B)  cations. 
C)  transition metals. 
D)  halogens.

Question 8

The appearance of new gene speciation is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  gene multiplication. 
B)  gene singulation. 
C)  gene duplication. 
D)  random mutation. 
A)  gene multiplication. 
B)  gene singulation. 
C)  gene duplication. 
D)  random mutation.

Question 9

What structural feature of DNA is attributed to the fact that the two DNA strands are antiparallel?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA is a left-handed helix. 
B)  DNA has the phosphate groups on the interior. 
C)  DNA is a right-handed helix. 
D)  DNA forms a pleated sheet. 
A)  DNA is a left-handed helix. 
B)  DNA has the phosphate groups on the interior. 
C)  DNA is a right-handed helix. 
D)  DNA forms a pleated sheet.

Question 10

If you were a biochemist who just discovered a new protein, how would you gain insight into the function of the protein?

Accepted Answer

One way to gain insight into the functio

Question 11

Explain how a linear pathway is different from a forked pathway.

Accepted Answer

In a linear pathway, a reactio

Question 12

Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that are used in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  gene cloning 
B)  production of chromatin 
C)  cell movement 
D)  replication of nucleus 
A)  gene cloning 
B)  production of chromatin 
C)  cell movement 
D)  replication of nucleus

Question 13

Compare and contrast the bases found in DNA and RNA.

Accepted Answer

DNA is composed of the deoxyribonucleoti

Question 14

What process describes using mRNA templates to produce proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA transcription 
B)  DNA replication 
C)  DNA translation 
D)  mRNA translation 
A)  DNA transcription 
B)  DNA replication 
C)  DNA translation 
D)  mRNA translation

Question 15

The correct name for the VSEPR arrangement around a carbon in methane is

Accepted Answer

A)  linear. 
B)  trigonal bipyrimidal. 
C)  tetrahedral. 
D)  octahedral. 
A)  linear. 
B)  trigonal bipyrimidal. 
C)  tetrahedral. 
D)  octahedral.

Question 16

Ribose is a

Accepted Answer

A)  four-carbon sugar. 
B)  five-carbon sugar. 
C)  six-carbon sugar. 
D)  five-carbon acid. 
A)  four-carbon sugar. 
B)  five-carbon sugar. 
C)  six-carbon sugar. 
D)  five-carbon acid.

Question 17

What functions can polysaccharides perform?

Accepted Answer

They provide structu

Question 18

Amino acids are the building blocks for which biomolecule(s)?

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins 
B)  DNA 
C)  carbohydrates 
D)  micelles 
A)  proteins 
B)  DNA 
C)  carbohydrates 
D)  micelles

Question 19

A nucleotide consists of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogenous base, four-membered sugar and phosphate groups 
B)  phosphate base, four-membered sugar and sulfate groups 
C)  nitrogenous base, five-membered sugar and phosphate groups 
D)  carboxylic acid, four-membered sugar and phosphate groups 
A)  nitrogenous base, four-membered sugar and phosphate groups 
B)  phosphate base, four-membered sugar and sulfate groups 
C)  nitrogenous base, five-membered sugar and phosphate groups 
D)  carboxylic acid, four-membered sugar and phosphate groups

Question 20

Who received the Nobel Prize in 1962 for elucidating the molecular structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Albert Einstein 
B)  Linus Pauling 
C)  John Kendrew and Max Perutz 
D)  Maurice Wilkins, James Watson, and Francis Crick 
A)  Albert Einstein 
B)  Linus Pauling 
C)  John Kendrew and Max Perutz 
D)  Maurice Wilkins, James Watson, and Francis Crick

Exam 1: Principles of Biochemistry

Give an example of each of the following: element, biomolecule, macromolecule, metabolism, cell, organism, and ecosystem.

For the figure below, label the 5 ' and 3 ' ends for each strand, the hydrogen bonds, and the pyrimidine and purine molecules, as well as the direction of polarity.

If the concentration of aspartate in the cell decreased, what would be the predicted outcome?

What is the maximum number of covalent bonds a carbon atom can make?

If energy in the form of ATP is required to make a polymeric macromolecule, which of the following will happen if there is no ATP available?

The main difference between deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides is that they have a different

The essential ions calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium are all

The appearance of new gene speciation is an example of

What structural feature of DNA is attributed to the fact that the two DNA strands are antiparallel?

If you were a biochemist who just discovered a new protein, how would you gain insight into the function of the protein?

Explain how a linear pathway is different from a forked pathway.

Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that are used in which of the following?

Compare and contrast the bases found in DNA and RNA.

What process describes using mRNA templates to produce proteins?

The correct name for the VSEPR arrangement around a carbon in methane is

Ribose is a

What functions can polysaccharides perform?

Amino acids are the building blocks for which biomolecule(s)?

A nucleotide consists of which of the following?

Who received the Nobel Prize in 1962 for elucidating the molecular structure of DNA?

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion, Water, and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis, Processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, Posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

For the figure below, label the 5 ^' and 3 ^' ends for each strand, the hydrogen bonds, and the pyrimidine and purine molecules, as well as the direction of polarity.