Exam 8: Class and Stratification in the United States

______________ is the hierarchical arrangement of large social groups based on the control over basic resources.

In general,poverty rates______________the United States.

According to functionalist sociologists Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore,all societies have important tasks that must be accomplished and certain positions that must be filled.In addition,some positions are more important for the survival of society than others and the most important positions must be filled by the most qualified people.

______________ are among the most severely disadvantaged persons in the United States with about 25% living below the poverty line.

______________ attempt to determine what degree of control workers have over the decision-making process and the extent to which they are able to plan and implement their own work.

About two-thirds of all adults living in poverty are women.In 2011,single-parent families headed by women had a______________percent poverty rate as compared with a 6.2 percent poverty rate for two-parent families.

______________ is the respect or regard with which a person or status position is regarded by others: it includes fame,respect,honor,and esteem.

Social inequality and poverty have both economic and structural sources.According to the text,a major source of poverty is:

According to the sociologist Erik Wright's Marxian model,the______________is composed of individuals who have inherited fortunes,own major corporations,or are top corporate executives with extensive stock holdings or control of company investments.

The term "underclass" is another word for the upper­middle class because it refers to those people found just below the wealthiest Americans.

Sociologists often use the term socioeconomic status (SES)to refer to a combined measure that attempts to classify individuals,families,or households in terms of factors such as income,occupation,and education to determine class location.

Which theorist predicted that bureaucratization would increase even without capitalism?

According to functionalist sociologists Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore:

A______________is a system of social inequality in which people's status is permanently determined at birth based on their parent's ascribed status.It is a closed system of stratification.

Describe sociologists Dennis Gilbert's class structure in the United States.

Approximately______________percent of the U.S.population are members of the working class.

About two-thirds of all adults living in poverty are women.Sociologist Diana Pearce coined the term "feminization of poverty" which refers to the trend in which women are disproportionately represented among individuals living in poverty.

In discussing wealth,sociologist Max Weber identified entrepreneurs as a class of wealthy individuals who live off their investments and do not have to work.

A university professor is promoted from the rank of assistant to associate professor.This results in her being granted tenure and she receives a significant increase in salary.This person has experienced______________mobility.

Outline sociologist Max Weber's multidimensional approach to social stratification and explain how people are ranked on all three dimensions.