Question 1

LPS is found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

You explain to your roommate that penicillin is an antibiotic that interferes with the synthesis of peptidoglycan. Peptidoglycan

Accepted Answer

A)  is composed of glycan chains linked by tetrapeptides AND is unique to pathogens. 
B)  is composed of glycan chains linked by tetrapeptides AND is unique to bacteria and archaea. 
C)  is composed of glycan chains linked by tetrapeptides AND is unique to bacteria. 
D)  is composed of glycan chains and phospholipids AND is unique to bacteria. 
E)  contains 70S units rather than 80S units AND is unique to prokaryotes. 
A)  is composed of glycan chains linked by tetrapeptides AND is unique to pathogens. 
B)  is composed of glycan chains linked by tetrapeptides AND is unique to bacteria and archaea. 
C)  is composed of glycan chains linked by tetrapeptides AND is unique to bacteria. 
D)  is composed of glycan chains and phospholipids AND is unique to bacteria. 
E)  contains 70S units rather than 80S units AND is unique to prokaryotes.

Question 3

Which is true of simple diffusion of water?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water usually enters a cell and produces a high osmotic pressure. 
B)  Water usually leaves the cell and produces negative osmotic pressure. 
C)  Water tends to enter and leave the cell equally, resulting in no pressure in the cell. 
D)  Water diffusion ultimately relies on the selectively permeable nature of the cell wall. 
E)  Water usually enters a cell and produces a very low osmotic pressure. 
A)  Water usually enters a cell and produces a high osmotic pressure. 
B)  Water usually leaves the cell and produces negative osmotic pressure. 
C)  Water tends to enter and leave the cell equally, resulting in no pressure in the cell. 
D)  Water diffusion ultimately relies on the selectively permeable nature of the cell wall. 
E)  Water usually enters a cell and produces a very low osmotic pressure.

Question 4

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is naturally resistant to penicillin because it lacks a peptidoglycan cell wall and penicillin interferes with peptidoglycan synthesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Select the FALSE statement regarding capsules.

Accepted Answer

A)  Capsules may increase an organism's ability to cause disease. 
B)  Capsules are typically "negatively" stained. 
C)  Capsules may be stained as a wet mount. 
D)  Capsules are usually composed of polysaccharides. 
E)  Capsules take up stain well. 
A)  Capsules may increase an organism's ability to cause disease. 
B)  Capsules are typically "negatively" stained. 
C)  Capsules may be stained as a wet mount. 
D)  Capsules are usually composed of polysaccharides. 
E)  Capsules take up stain well.

Question 6

Endospores are

Accepted Answer

A)  a dormant cell type. 
B)  a type of reproduction. 
C)  obligate intracellular parasites. 
D)  sensitive to damaging environmental conditions. 
E)  made by all bacterial genera. 
A)  a dormant cell type. 
B)  a type of reproduction. 
C)  obligate intracellular parasites. 
D)  sensitive to damaging environmental conditions. 
E)  made by all bacterial genera.

Question 7

Eukaryotic cells

Accepted Answer

A)  are more obviously compartmentalized than prokaryotes. 
B)  usually have a single circular supercoiled piece of DNA. 
C)  contain peptidoglycan in the cell wall. 
D)  have the same size ribosomes as prokaryotes. 
E)  have a single circular supercoiled chromosome. 
A)  are more obviously compartmentalized than prokaryotes. 
B)  usually have a single circular supercoiled piece of DNA. 
C)  contain peptidoglycan in the cell wall. 
D)  have the same size ribosomes as prokaryotes. 
E)  have a single circular supercoiled chromosome.

Question 8

You tell your friend you think she may actually have pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a ________ organism that lacks a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  spherical; peptidoglycan cell wall 
B)  pleomorphic; phospholipid bilayer 
C)  bacillus; capsule 
D)  pleomorphic; peptidoglycan cell wall 
E)  pleomorphic; nucleoid 
A)  spherical; peptidoglycan cell wall 
B)  pleomorphic; phospholipid bilayer 
C)  bacillus; capsule 
D)  pleomorphic; peptidoglycan cell wall 
E)  pleomorphic; nucleoid

Question 9

Your patient asks you whether there were also viruses on the slide. You tell her

Accepted Answer

A)  yes, but they are of no concern because they are part of her normal microbiota. 
B)  maybe, but there were too few to observe among the bacteria. 
C)  maybe, but viruses cannot be observed without an electron microscope. 
D)  unlikely, because viruses seldom cause sore throats in people. 
E)  no, because viruses would be destroyed by the decolorizing step of the Gram stain. 
A)  yes, but they are of no concern because they are part of her normal microbiota. 
B)  maybe, but there were too few to observe among the bacteria. 
C)  maybe, but viruses cannot be observed without an electron microscope. 
D)  unlikely, because viruses seldom cause sore throats in people. 
E)  no, because viruses would be destroyed by the decolorizing step of the Gram stain.

Question 10

You inform the patient that the results of the Gram stain indicate to you that the bacteria in her throat are ________ in shape, and have a ________ cell wall.

Accepted Answer

A)  round; thin 
B)  cylindrical; thick 
C)  round; thick 
D)  spiral; thick 
E)  cylindrical; thin 
A)  round; thin 
B)  cylindrical; thick 
C)  round; thick 
D)  spiral; thick 
E)  cylindrical; thin

Question 11

Which is NOT true of mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

A)  They contain DNA and 70S ribosomes. 
B)  They are found in all organisms. 
C)  They are capable of performing protein synthesis. 
D)  They generate ATP. 
E)  They are membrane-bound organelles. 
A)  They contain DNA and 70S ribosomes. 
B)  They are found in all organisms. 
C)  They are capable of performing protein synthesis. 
D)  They generate ATP. 
E)  They are membrane-bound organelles.

Question 12

Endospores are involved in bacterial reproduction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 3: Microscopy and Cell Structure

LPS is found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.

You explain to your roommate that penicillin is an antibiotic that interferes with the synthesis of peptidoglycan. Peptidoglycan

Which is true of simple diffusion of water?

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is naturally resistant to penicillin because it lacks a peptidoglycan cell wall and penicillin interferes with peptidoglycan synthesis.

Select the FALSE statement regarding capsules.

Endospores are

Eukaryotic cells

You tell your friend you think she may actually have pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a ________ organism that lacks a ________.

Your patient asks you whether there were also viruses on the slide. You tell her

You inform the patient that the results of the Gram stain indicate to you that the bacteria in her throat are ________ in shape, and have a ________ cell wall.

Which is NOT true of mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Endospores are involved in bacterial reproduction.

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Dynamics of Microbial Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From Dna to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology

Identifying and Classifying Microorganisms

The Diversity of Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunological Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Nervous System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

Filters

You tell your friend you think she may actually have pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a organism that lacks a .

You inform the patient that the results of the Gram stain indicate to you that the bacteria in her throat are in shape, and have a cell wall.