Question 1

Soil fertilization should favor mycorrhizal fungi that are

Accepted Answer

A) less aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant hosts. 
B) more aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant hosts. 
C) more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from soils. 
D) more efficient at extracting sugars from soils. 
E) more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from plant root exudates. 
A) less aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant hosts. 
B) more aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant hosts. 
C) more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from soils. 
D) more efficient at extracting sugars from soils. 
E) more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from plant root exudates. B

Question 2

A mutualistic relationship in which either species can survive without its partner is called a ______________ mutualism.

Accepted Answer

facultative

Question 3

Which of the following is not a benefit provided by mutualistic crab and shrimp to the Pocillopora coral?

Accepted Answer

A) protection from predators 
B) promotion of the health and integrity of coral tissue 
C) source of lipids 
D) both protection from predators and source of lipids 
E) both promotion of the health and integrity of coral tissue and source of lipids 
A) protection from predators 
B) promotion of the health and integrity of coral tissue 
C) source of lipids 
D) both protection from predators and source of lipids 
E) both promotion of the health and integrity of coral tissue and source of lipids C

Question 4

Ant-acacia trees provide several services to their mutualistic ant partners.These include

Accepted Answer

A) enlarged thorns to host ant colonies. 
B) nectar from foliar nectaries. 
C) nectar from floral nectaries. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
E) Both enlarged thorns to host ant colonies and nectar from foliar nectaries. 
A) enlarged thorns to host ant colonies. 
B) nectar from foliar nectaries. 
C) nectar from floral nectaries. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
E) Both enlarged thorns to host ant colonies and nectar from foliar nectaries.

Question 5

What is the 95% confidence interval for the Gila River sample of loach minnows given: $\bar { x } = 56.2$ mm,s = 6.2 mm,n = 50,and critical value of t = 2.01.

Accepted Answer

A) 56.2 mm + 1.77 mm 
B) 56.2 mm - 1.77 mm 
C) 56.2 mm - 2.26 mm 
D) 56.2 mm -0.25 mm 
E) 56.2 mm + 0.25 mm 
A) 56.2 mm + 1.77 mm 
B) 56.2 mm - 1.77 mm 
C) 56.2 mm - 2.26 mm 
D) 56.2 mm -0.25 mm 
E) 56.2 mm + 0.25 mm

Question 6

The enlarged thorns of swollen thorn acacias provide ants with

Accepted Answer

A) a source of sugar. 
B) a source of protein. 
C) a source of fats. 
D) living space. 
E) a habitat for their prey species. 
A) a source of sugar. 
B) a source of protein. 
C) a source of fats. 
D) living space. 
E) a habitat for their prey species.

Question 7

Ants on the aspen sunflower,Helianthella quinquenervis,obtain sugars and amino acids by

Accepted Answer

A) collecting nectar from the sunflower's flowers. 
B) collecting nectar from extrafloral nectaries. 
C) tending aphids that extract plant sap. 
D) extracting plant sap directly by piercing the sunflower stem. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) collecting nectar from the sunflower's flowers. 
B) collecting nectar from extrafloral nectaries. 
C) tending aphids that extract plant sap. 
D) extracting plant sap directly by piercing the sunflower stem. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 8

Crabs and shrimp associated with corals protect their hosts from

Accepted Answer

A) being dislodged from the substrate by currents. 
B) predation by sea-stars. 
C) predation by fishes. 
D) attack by parasitic nematodes. 
E) infection by pathogenic bacteria. 
A) being dislodged from the substrate by currents. 
B) predation by sea-stars. 
C) predation by fishes. 
D) attack by parasitic nematodes. 
E) infection by pathogenic bacteria.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true regarding the control of coral over zooxanthellae?

Accepted Answer

A) Coral induces zooxanthellae to release organic compounds. 
B) Coral controls the rate of zooxanthellae population growth. 
C) Coral controls the population density of zooxanthellae. 
D) Coral promotes unbalanced growth in zooxanthellae. 
E) All of the choices are true. 
A) Coral induces zooxanthellae to release organic compounds. 
B) Coral controls the rate of zooxanthellae population growth. 
C) Coral controls the population density of zooxanthellae. 
D) Coral promotes unbalanced growth in zooxanthellae. 
E) All of the choices are true.

Question 10

Nutrient poor soils should favor mycorrhizal fungi that are

Accepted Answer

A) less aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant host. 
B) more aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant host. 
C) more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from soil. 
D) more efficient at extracting sugars from soil. 
E) more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from plant root exudates. 
A) less aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant host. 
B) more aggressive at obtaining sugars from their plant host. 
C) more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from soil. 
D) more efficient at extracting sugars from soil. 
E) more efficient at extracting inorganic nutrients from plant root exudates.

Question 11

Modified leaflet tips of bullshorn acacia that provide a food source for ants are called ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Modified leaflet tips of bullshorn acacia that...

Question 12

The major benefit obtained by zooxanthellae algal cells from their coral host is

Accepted Answer

A) protection from herbivores. 
B) sugars. 
C) phosphorus from coral wastes. 
D) nitrogen from coral wastes. 
E) temperature regulation. 
A) protection from herbivores. 
B) sugars. 
C) phosphorus from coral wastes. 
D) nitrogen from coral wastes. 
E) temperature regulation.

Question 13

The "unsuccessful mutualists" in Kathleen Keeler's cost-benefit model of mutualism are those that

Accepted Answer

A) give benefits to their partner,but fail to receive benefits in return. 
B) receive benefits from their partner,but fail to provide benefits in return. 
C) neither give benefits to their partner,nor receive them in return. 
D) fail to locate individuals of their mutualistic partner effectively. 
E) locate mutualistic partners,but fail to overcome their defenses against colonization. 
A) give benefits to their partner,but fail to receive benefits in return. 
B) receive benefits from their partner,but fail to provide benefits in return. 
C) neither give benefits to their partner,nor receive them in return. 
D) fail to locate individuals of their mutualistic partner effectively. 
E) locate mutualistic partners,but fail to overcome their defenses against colonization.

Question 14

Which of the following organisms are dependent on mutualisms for their persistence?

Accepted Answer

A) reef-building corals 
B) bioluminescent fishes 
C) bumblebees and hummingbirds 
D) horses,elephants,and camels 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) reef-building corals 
B) bioluminescent fishes 
C) bumblebees and hummingbirds 
D) horses,elephants,and camels 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 15

Which aspects of the biology of zooxanthellae are controlled by their coral hosts?

Accepted Answer

A) their cell wall chemistry 
B) their population growth rate when free-living 
C) the release of photosynthetic products from their cells 
D) the rate at which they absorb sugars from their hosts 
E) their mortality rate 
A) their cell wall chemistry 
B) their population growth rate when free-living 
C) the release of photosynthetic products from their cells 
D) the rate at which they absorb sugars from their hosts 
E) their mortality rate

Question 16

The photosynthetic zooxanthellae associated with reef-building corals are members of the Phylum ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The photosynthetic zooxanthellae associated with reef-building corals...

Question 17

Mycorrhizal fungi (directly)help their plant partners acquire

Accepted Answer

A) sugars. 
B) sunlight. 
C) seed dispersal. 
D) soil nutrients. 
E) pollination. 
A) sugars. 
B) sunlight. 
C) seed dispersal. 
D) soil nutrients. 
E) pollination.

Question 18

_____________ mutualism describes a relationship where species are so dependent on their mutualistic relationship they cannot live in its absence.

Accepted Answer

A) Obligate 
B) Critical 
C) Facultative 
D) Dispensable 
E) Essential 
A) Obligate 
B) Critical 
C) Facultative 
D) Dispensable 
E) Essential

Question 19

A cost-benefit model predicts that aspen sunflowers (Helianthella quinquenervis)in shady habitats should be less likely to attract ants than those living in sunny habitats.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The interaction between honeyguide birds and the Boran people of Kenya

Accepted Answer

A) is an obligate mutualism. 
B) is a facultative mutualism. 
C) is exploitative,with humans benefiting but honeyguides exploited. 
D) represents the only way a honeyguide can gain access to a beehive. 
E) depends only on humans following birds,not on active communication by the birds. 
A) is an obligate mutualism. 
B) is a facultative mutualism. 
C) is exploitative,with humans benefiting but honeyguides exploited. 
D) represents the only way a honeyguide can gain access to a beehive. 
E) depends only on humans following birds,not on active communication by the birds.

Exam 15: Mutualism

Soil fertilization should favor mycorrhizal fungi that are

A mutualistic relationship in which either species can survive without its partner is called a ______________ mutualism.

Which of the following is not a benefit provided by mutualistic crab and shrimp to the Pocillopora coral?

Ant-acacia trees provide several services to their mutualistic ant partners.These include

What is the 95% confidence interval for the Gila River sample of loach minnows given: xˉ=56.2\bar { x } = 56.2xˉ=56.2 mm,s = 6.2 mm,n = 50,and critical value of t = 2.01.

The enlarged thorns of swollen thorn acacias provide ants with

Ants on the aspen sunflower,Helianthella quinquenervis,obtain sugars and amino acids by

Crabs and shrimp associated with corals protect their hosts from

Which of the following statements is true regarding the control of coral over zooxanthellae?

Nutrient poor soils should favor mycorrhizal fungi that are

Modified leaflet tips of bullshorn acacia that provide a food source for ants are called ___________.

The major benefit obtained by zooxanthellae algal cells from their coral host is

The "unsuccessful mutualists" in Kathleen Keeler's cost-benefit model of mutualism are those that

Which of the following organisms are dependent on mutualisms for their persistence?

Which aspects of the biology of zooxanthellae are controlled by their coral hosts?

The photosynthetic zooxanthellae associated with reef-building corals are members of the Phylum ___________.

Mycorrhizal fungi (directly)help their plant partners acquire

_____________ mutualism describes a relationship where species are so dependent on their mutualistic relationship they cannot live in its absence.

A cost-benefit model predicts that aspen sunflowers (Helianthella quinquenervis)in shady habitats should be less likely to attract ants than those living in sunny habitats.

The interaction between honeyguide birds and the Boran people of Kenya

Introduction to Ecology: Historical Foundations and Developing Frontiers

Life on Land

Life in Water

Population Genetics and Natural Selection

Temperature Relations

Water Relations

Energy and Nutrient Relations

Social Relations

Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

Population Growth

Life Histories

Competition

Exploitative Interactions: Predation, herbivory, parasitism, and Disease

Species Abundance and Diversity

Species Interactions and Community Structure

Primary Production and Energy Flow

Nutrient Cycling and Retention

Succession and Stability

Landscape Ecology

Geographic Ecology

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What is the 95% confidence interval for the Gila River sample of loach minnows given: $\bar { x } = 56.2$ mm,s = 6.2 mm,n = 50,and critical value of t = 2.01.