Exam 4: The Systems Perspective on Organizations and Communication

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Systems theory is unique from the other three theoretical approaches to organizational communication (rhetorical, semiotic, and phenomenological) in several ways.

First, systems theory focuses on the interconnectedness and interdependence of various parts within an organization, viewing the organization as a complex system with multiple subsystems. This approach emphasizes the importance of understanding how different parts of the organization interact and influence each other, as well as how the organization as a whole interacts with its external environment. In contrast, the other theoretical approaches tend to focus more on specific aspects of communication within the organization, such as language and symbols (semiotic), individual experiences and perceptions (phenomenological), or persuasive strategies (rhetorical).

Second, systems theory also emphasizes the dynamic nature of organizations, recognizing that they are constantly evolving and adapting to changes in their environment. This perspective highlights the need for flexible and adaptive communication processes within the organization. In contrast, the other theoretical approaches may not explicitly address the dynamic nature of organizations to the same extent.

Additionally, systems theory often incorporates concepts from other disciplines, such as biology and cybernetics, to understand organizational communication. This interdisciplinary approach allows for a broader understanding of communication processes within organizations, taking into account not only human interactions but also the broader systemic context in which these interactions occur. The other theoretical approaches may not draw on such diverse disciplinary perspectives.

Overall, systems theory offers a unique perspective on organizational communication by emphasizing interconnectedness, adaptability, and interdisciplinary understanding, setting it apart from the other three theoretical approaches.

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Weick's process of sensemaking is a theory that explains how individuals and organizations make sense of ambiguous and uncertain situations. According to Weick, sensemaking is an ongoing process that involves collecting information, interpreting it, and creating a coherent understanding of the situation. This process is often driven by the need to reduce uncertainty and make decisions in complex environments.

Weick identified several key components of sensemaking, including enactment, selection, and retention. Enactment refers to the process of actively engaging with the environment and collecting information. Selection involves filtering and interpreting the information that has been collected, while retention involves integrating the information into existing knowledge and memory.

The importance of sensemaking to organizational communication is significant. In a rapidly changing and complex environment, organizations often face ambiguous and uncertain situations. Sensemaking helps individuals and groups within the organization to make sense of these situations, reducing uncertainty and enabling them to take appropriate action. This is particularly important in crisis situations, where quick and effective decision-making is crucial.

Furthermore, sensemaking also plays a crucial role in shaping organizational culture and identity. As individuals within the organization engage in the sensemaking process, they create shared meanings and interpretations of their experiences. This shared understanding helps to shape the organization's culture and identity, influencing how employees communicate and collaborate with each other.

In summary, Weick's process of sensemaking is important to organizational communication as it helps individuals and organizations make sense of ambiguous and uncertain situations, reduces uncertainty, and enables effective decision-making. It also plays a crucial role in shaping organizational culture and identity, influencing how employees communicate and collaborate within the organization.